National Fire Insurance Company v. E. Mishan & Sons, Inc.

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit
DecidedJune 1, 2016
Docket15-2248
StatusUnpublished

This text of National Fire Insurance Company v. E. Mishan & Sons, Inc. (National Fire Insurance Company v. E. Mishan & Sons, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
National Fire Insurance Company v. E. Mishan & Sons, Inc., (2d Cir. 2016).

Opinion

15‐2248 National Fire Insurance Company v. E. Mishan & Sons, Inc.

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on the 1st day of June, two thousand and sixteen.

PRESENT: ROBERT D. SACK, RICHARD C. WESLEY, GERARD E. LYNCH, Circuit Judges.

___________________________________________

NATIONAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY OF HARTFORD, VALLEY FORGE INSURANCE COMPANY, TRANSPORTATION INSURANCE COMPANY,

Plaintiffs‐Appellees,

v. 15‐2248

E. MISHAN & SONS, INC.,

Defendant‐Appellant.

___________________________________________ FOR APPELLANT: PATTI M. DEUEL (Howard B. Randell, on the brief), Leahy, Eisenberg & Fraenkel, Ltd., Chicago, IL.

FOR APPELLEES: BARRETT ARNOLD BREITUNG, Colliau Carluccio Keener Morrow Peterson & Parsons, Chicago, IL (Lisa Schreiber, Colliau Carluccio Keener Morrow Peterson & Parsons, New York, NY, on the brief).

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Griesa, J.).

UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED,

ADJUDGED AND DECREED that the order of the District Court is

REVERSED.

Defendant‐Appellant E. Mishan & Sons, Inc., which does business as

Emson, Inc. (“Emson”), appeals from a decision of the United States District

Court for the Southern District of New York (Griesa, J.). The District Court

granted summary judgment to the Plaintiffs‐Appellees National Fire Insurance

Company of Hartford, Valley Forge Insurance Company, and Transportation

Insurance Company (collectively, “Insurers”) in their action for a declaratory

judgment establishing that, under the terms of applicable insurance policies, they

are not required to defend Emson in two underlying lawsuits. We assume the

parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts, the procedural history, and the

issues presented for review, which we reference only as necessary to explain our

decision to reverse.

BACKGROUND

The Insurers provided coverage to Emson under several commercial

general liability policies (collectively, the “Policies”). As relevant here, the

Policies provided coverage for “those sums that the insured becomes legally

obligated to pay as damages because of ‘personal and advertising injury’ to

which this insurance applies.” App’x 64–65. The Policies defined “personal and

advertising injury” to include the “[o]ral or written publication, in any manner,

of material that violates a person’s right of privacy.” App’x 72. In addition, the

Policies included an exclusion to coverage for personal and advertising injuries

for knowing violations of another’s rights, defined as “‘[p]ersonal and

advertising injury’ caused by or at the direction of the insured with the

knowledge that the act would violate the rights of another and would inflict

‘personal and advertising injury.’” App’x 65.

In 2013, Emson was sued in two class action lawsuits: (1) Bonnie Daniell v.

Sempris, LLC et al., No. 2012 CH 44123 (the “Daniell suit”) and (2) Eric Herman v.

Sempris, LLC et al., No. 1:13‐cv‐0020 (the “Herman suit”) (collectively, the

“underlying lawsuits”). The underlying lawsuits allege that Emson worked with

two other companies—Quality Resources, Inc., and Sempris LLC—to deceptively

trap customers into recurring credit card charges. At bottom, the underlying

lawsuits asserted that Emson acted as a purveyor of data, facilitating “data

passes” and transferring private customer information for profit. The Daniell

plaintiffs asserted four counts against Emson in the Circuit Court of Cook

County, Illinois: (1) violations of the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive

Business Practices Act (815 ILCS § 505/1 et seq.) (“ICFA”), (2) fraud by omission,

(3) breach of contract, and (4) unjust enrichment. The Herman plaintiffs asserted

five counts against Emson in the United States District Court for the Western

District of Michigan: (1) violations of the Michigan Consumer Protection Act

(M.C.L. §445.903 et seq.) (“MCPA”), (2) fraud by omission, (3) breach of contract,

(4) unjust enrichment, and (5) violations of the Telephone Consumer Protection

Act (47 U.S.C. § 227 et seq.) (“TCPA”) [A217].

After the underlying lawsuits were initiated, the Insurers filed this action

in the District Court below, seeking a declaratory judgment that they are not

required to defend Emson in the underlying lawsuits, under the terms of the

Policies. The parties cross‐moved for summary judgment and the District Court

granted judgment to the Insurers on September 16, 2014. The District Court

concluded that “all of the allegations” against Emson in the underlying lawsuits

fall into the coverage exclusion for “personal and advertising injury” caused by

knowing violations of another’s rights. App’x 227. In so concluding, the District

Court noted that “it is readily apparent that Emson’s alleged conduct was

intentional and knowing,” as the underlying complaints “allege that Emson

intentionally passed along the consumers’ private information as part of a

scheme to defraud those consumers.” App’x 227. On June 10, 2015, the District

Court denied Emson’s motion to alter or amend the judgment, reiterating that

“the factual allegations in the underlying complaints, upon which all the claims

against Emson rest, necessarily concern knowing violations.” App’x 229–30.

Emson appeals, principally arguing that the District Court misapplied the

knowing violation exclusion in finding that it relieved Insurers of their duty to

defend Emson in the underlying lawsuits.

DISCUSSION

“We review de novo a district court’s ruling on cross‐motions for

summary judgment, in each case construing the evidence in the light most

favorable to the non‐moving party.” Ackerson v. City of White Plains, 702 F.3d 15,

19 n.1 (2d Cir. 2012) (per curiam) (internal quotation marks omitted). Summary

judgment is appropriate where “there is no genuine dispute as to any material

fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Civ. P.

56(a). “Because interpretation of an insurance agreement is a question of law, we

review the district court’s construction of the Polic[ies] de novo.” VAM Check

Cashing Corp. v. Fed. Ins. Co., 699 F.3d 727, 729 (2d Cir. 2012).

New York law governs this action. Lazard Freres & Co. v. Protective Life Ins.

Co., 108 F.3d 1531

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Bluebook (online)
National Fire Insurance Company v. E. Mishan & Sons, Inc., Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/national-fire-insurance-company-v-e-mishan-sons-inc-ca2-2016.