Minneapolis Public Housing Authority v. Lor

578 N.W.2d 8, 1998 WL 216905
CourtCourt of Appeals of Minnesota
DecidedJuly 16, 1998
DocketC2-97-1756
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 578 N.W.2d 8 (Minneapolis Public Housing Authority v. Lor) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Minnesota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Minneapolis Public Housing Authority v. Lor, 578 N.W.2d 8, 1998 WL 216905 (Mich. Ct. App. 1998).

Opinions

OPINION

KALITOWSKI, Judge.

Appellant Minneapolis Public Housing Authority (MPHA) contends the district court erred in dismissing MPHA’s unlawful detain-er complaint against respondent Mai Lor.

FACTS

Respondent Mai Lor is the tenant of a public housing property in Minneapolis, where she has resided "with her four minor children, including a 17-year-old son. While respondent was out of state because of a relative’s illness, her son was involved in a drive-by shooting at another public housing property, and was detained under juvenile charges.

Three guns were found in respondent’s home the day after the shooting. At trial, respondent testified that: (1) the family did not own any guns and those found were not her son’s; (2) she did not know what the family would do if they were not allowed to remain in public housing; and (3) her son did not cause trouble in school, has a job, and has never before been in trouble with the police or shown any signs of being in a gang. Respondent’s son said he would agree to neither live in nor visit the home if the family was allowed to stay.

The termination provisions of the lease provide:

Management shall not terminate, refuse to renew the Lease or evict Tenant from the dwelling unit except for serious or repeated violations of material terms of the Lease or other good cause. Serious violations of the Lease include but are not limited to:
* * ⅜ *
4) Any criminal activity that threatens the health, safety, or right to peaceful enjoyment of the premises by other tenants, neighbors and public housing employees,
or drug-related criminal activity on or near the premises engaged in by a Tenant, a member of the Tenant’s household, a guest or another person under Tenant’s control while the .Tenant is a tenant in public housing.

The MPHA brought an unlawful detainer action seeking the eviction of respondent alleging that she violated her lease because a member of her household engaged in criminal activity. Following a trial, the district court found that although the MPHA has a strong interest in removing criminal and gang activity from its properties, eviction was not an appropriate remedy under the facts of this case. The court further stated that since respondent now knows of the criminal activity, she can take appropriate measures to ensure the activity ceases and thus protect the MPHA.

ISSUES

1. Did the district court err in considering factors other than whether the lease was violated?

2. Were the findings of the district court clearly erroneous in support of its conclusion that eviction was not an appropriate remedy?

ANALYSIS

I.

The MPHA contends the district court erred as a matter of law in considering facts other than whether the alleged violation of the lease occurred. In support of its argument, the MPHA cites this court’s statement that

[ujnlawful detainer is a civil proceeding, and the only issue for determination is whether the facts alleged in the complaint are true. Our standard of review is whether the trial court’s findings of fact are clearly erroneous.

Minneapolis Community Dev. Agency v. Smallwood, 379 N.W.2d 554, 555 (Minn.App.1985), review denied (Minn. Feb. 19, 1986) (citations omitted). We conclude that this language in Smallwood is not controlling here. The statute mandating that public housing leases contain eviction provisions for [10]*10criminal activity was enacted subsequent to the Smallwood decision. 42 U.S.C.A. § 1437d(Z )(5) (Supp.1998). Thus the court in Smallwood did not consider the district court’s role in reviewing the public housing authority’s application of the eviction provision at issue here.

Because the plain language of neither the lease nor the statute are clear as to the appropriate exercise of discretion by the public housing authority and the courts, we consider the applicable regulations, comments, and legislative history. See Burlington Northern R. Co. v. Oklahoma Tax Comm’n, 481 U.S. 454, 461, 107 S.Ct. 1855, 1860, 95 L.Ed.2d 404 (1987) (allowing courts to consider legislative history when the statute is ambiguous).

Although the statute requires “immediate termination of the tenancy” for some lease violations, it does not automatically require eviction where there is criminal activity by a household member. 42 U.S.C.A. § 1437d(£ )(7) (Supp.1998). Thus, the statute allows the exercise of discretion by the public housing authority in determining whether eviction is appropriate. Legislative history further suggests that congress intended that courts would in turn exercise their judgment when reviewing the public housing authority’s discretionary decision. See S.Rep. No. 101-316 at 179 (1990), reprinted in 1990 U.S.C.C.A.N. 5763, 5941 (“The committee anticipates that each ease will be judged on its individual merits and will require the wise exercise of humane judgment by the PHA and the eviction court.”). We therefore reject MPHA’s contention that review of the MPHA’s decision by the court is limited to the issue of whether the facts establish a violation of the lease.

Further support for broader district court review of MPHA’s decision to evict is found in the language in respondent’s eviction letter stating that respondent was “not entitled to use the MPHA’s grievance procedure to contest this decision” and that “the opportunity for a hearing in Court” provides “the basic elements of due process as defined in HUD regulations.”

Because respondent was not allowed to use MPHA’s grievance procedure, she did not have a hearing in front of a neutral factfinder who was required to make specific findings reviewable by the district court. Thus respondent was denied the type of due process protections guaranteed for contested actions involving Minnesota agencies subject to the Administrative Procedure Act, Minn.Stat. §§ 14.001-.69 (1996 & Supp.1997). See Minn.Stat. § 14.50 (“It shall be the duty of the administrative law judge to: * * * (3) see to it that all hearings are conducted in a fair and impartial manner. ⅜ * * it shall also be the duty of the administrative law judge to make a report on each proposed agency action in which the administrative law judge functioned in an official capacity, stating findings of fact and conclusions and recommendations, taking notice of the degree to which the agency has * * ⅜ demonstrated the need for and reasonableness of its proposed action with an affirmative presentation of facts.”); Minn.Stat. § 14.58 (“In any contested case all parties shall be afforded an opportunity for hearing * * *, [the issues] shall be fully stated as soon as practicable, and opportunity shall be afforded all parties to present evidence and argument with respect thereto.”). Absent these rudimentary due process protections at the administrative level, and consistent with the stated congressional intent that courts exercise “humane judgment” in eviction proceedings, we conclude it was not error for the district court to review the MPHA’s discretionary decision to terminate respondent’s lease.

II.

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Related

State v. Allen
2004 WI 106 (Wisconsin Supreme Court, 2004)
Minneapolis Public Housing Authority v. Lor
591 N.W.2d 700 (Supreme Court of Minnesota, 1999)
Minneapolis Public Housing Authority v. Lor
578 N.W.2d 8 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 1998)

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578 N.W.2d 8, 1998 WL 216905, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/minneapolis-public-housing-authority-v-lor-minnctapp-1998.