Micah Chezum v. Christina Simmons, et al.

CourtDistrict Court, S.D. Illinois
DecidedDecember 17, 2025
Docket3:24-cv-01658
StatusUnknown

This text of Micah Chezum v. Christina Simmons, et al. (Micah Chezum v. Christina Simmons, et al.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Micah Chezum v. Christina Simmons, et al., (S.D. Ill. 2025).

Opinion

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS

MICAH CHEZUM, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) vs. ) Case No. 3:24-CV-1658-MAB ) CHRISTINA SIMMONS, et al., ) ) Defendants. )

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

BEATTY, Magistrate Judge: This matter is before the Court on Defendants Jason Furlow, Niel Kellerman, Rose Loos, and Christina Simmons’ Motion for Summary Judgment on the Issue of Exhaustion (Doc. 37). For the reasons set forth below, Defendants’ Motion is GRANTED in part and DENIED in part (Doc. 37). Specifically, Defendants’ Motion is GRANTED as to Count 3, and that claim is DISMISSED. Conversely, it is DENIED, at this time, as to Counts 1 and 2 because a factual dispute exists. However, Defendants may request a Pavey hearing if they wish to further pursue the affirmative defense of exhaustion and contest the factual issues discussed below. BACKGROUND Plaintiff Micah Chezum filed this civil rights action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for alleged deprivations of his constitutional rights that occurred while he was incarcerated at Pinckneyville Correctional Center in June 2023 (see Docs. 1, 18). Plaintiff’s Complaint alleges that he was placed on suicide watch at Pinckneyville in May 2023 due to severe depression and issues of self-harm (Doc. 18 at p. 2). During that time, Plaintiff alleges that he asked Defendants Simmons and Furlow to contact mental health staff, but they ignored his requests (Id.).

On June 6, 2023, Plaintiff was called inappropriate names by a mental health professional, which prompted him to curse and act belligerently (Id.). In response, he was dragged back to his cell by C/O Hess and Defendants Furlow and Kellerman (Id.). Shortly after, while accompanied by a nurse, Defendant Simmons approached Plaintiff’s cell holding a broomstick (Id.). Defendant Simmons instructed Plaintiff to back away from his cell door and jabbed at him with the broomstick through his cell’s chuckhole until she

was able to secure the chuckhole (Id.). Defendant Kellerman subsequently returned with the broomstick and jabbed at Plaintiff through the chuckhole, striking Plaintiff in his lower midsection (Id.). However, Plaintiff was able to grab the broomstick Defendant Kellerman was hitting him with, which caused the broomstick to break – leaving a sharp, broken portion of the broomstick in Plaintiff’s possession (Id.). Plaintiff then used the

sharp end of the broken broomstick to cut himself (Id.; see also Doc. 1 at p. 6). Defendant Kellerman returned thereafter and asked Plaintiff to hand over the broken broomstick and stop harming himself before staff got in trouble for their actions (Doc. 18 at p. 3). Plaintiff refused and Defendant Loos, a mental health professional, approached Plaintiff’s cell and asked him to return the broken broomstick (Id.). After

several unsuccessful requests from Defendants Loos, Simmons, and Furlow, Defendant Loos eventually succeeded in getting Plaintiff to return the broken broomstick by promising to place Plaintiff in an isolation cell in the healthcare unit (Id.). However, Defendant Loos did not follow through on her promise (Id.). Additionally, Plaintiff allegedly requested medical care due to his injuries, but Defendants Loos, Simmons, Furlow, and Kellerman all refused or ignored his requests (Id.).

One day later, on June 7, 2023, Lt. Ridgeway and Defendants Simmons and Furlow approached Plaintiff’s cell with tactical shields (Id.). Lt. Ridgeway proceeded to spray excessive amounts of mace into Plaintiff’s cell in apparent retaliation for the broomstick incident (Id.). When Plaintiff was subsequently placed in a shower to wash off the mace that was burning him, Defendant Furlow laughed at Plaintiff (Id.). Plaintiff was transferred to Menard Correctional Center just a few weeks later (Doc. 1 at p. 7; see also

Doc. 37-1) (documenting that Plaintiff was transferred from Pinckneyville to Menard on 6/28/2023). Plaintiff initiated this action by filing a Complaint on July 3, 2024 (Doc. 1). The Court conducted a preliminary review of Plaintiff’s Complaint pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915A in October 2024 (Doc. 18). Ultimately, Plaintiff was permitted to proceed on the

following claims: Count 1: Eighth Amendment excessive force claim against [sic1] C/O Kellerman for poking Chezum with a broomstick on June 6, 2023.

Count 2: Eighth Amendment deliberate indifference claim against Sgt. Simmons, C/O Furlow, C/O Kellerman, and Rose Loos for failing to obtain medical care for Chezum in May and June 2023.

1 Plaintiff had also sought to raise his excessive force claim in Count 1 against Defendant Simmons (see Doc. 1 at p. 8). However, the Court dismissed the claim against Defendant Simmons in Count 1 because Plaintiff failed to include any allegations which could have established that Defendant Simmons’ actions with the broomstick amounted to the use of excessive force (Doc. 18, p. 6). Count 3: Eighth Amendment excessive force claim against Sgt. Simmons and C/O Furlow for spraying Chezum with excessive amounts of mace on June 7, 2023.

(Id. at pp. 5-7). On April 7, 2025, Defendants filed the instant Motion for Summary Judgment on the Issue of Exhaustion (Doc. 37). Plaintiff filed his Response in Opposition on April 21, 2025 (Doc. 39). Defendants did not file a reply in further support of their motion. LEGAL STANDARDS I. Summary Judgment Standards Summary judgment is appropriate if the movants show there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and they are entitled to judgment as a matter of law. FED. R. CIV. P. 56(a). In making that determination, the Court “generally will construe all facts and reasonable inferences in the light most favorable to the non-moving party.” Apex Digital, Inc. v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 735 F.3d 962, 965 (7th Cir. 2013). This means courts cannot

resolve factual disputes in favor of the party seeking summary judgment. See Tolan v. Cotton, 572 U.S. 650, 656 (2014) (“[A] judge’s function at summary judgment is not to weigh the evidence and determine the truth of the matter but to determine whether there is a genuine issue for trial.”) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). Nevertheless, “[t]he nonmoving party must do more than simply show that there is some

metaphysical doubt as to the material facts.” Siegel v. Shell Oil Co., 612 F.3d 932, 937 (7th Cir. 2010). II. Exhaustion Requirements As provided in the Prison Litigation Reform Act, “[a] prisoner may not bring a federal suit about prison conditions unless he first has exhausted all available

administrative remedies.” Pavey v. Conley, 663 F.3d 899, 903 (7th Cir. 2011) (citing 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a)). A remedy has not been exhausted if the prisoner failed to abide by the procedures for pursuing relief. Id. Thus, to properly exhaust administrative remedies, “a prisoner must file complaints and appeals in the place, and at the time, the prison’s administrative rules require.” Pozo v. McCaughtry, 286 F.3d 1022, 1025 (7th Cir. 2002).

However, an inmate is not required to exhaust administrative remedies that are not actually available to him. Pyles v. Nwaobasi, 829 F.3d 860, 864 (7th Cir.

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