Metzel v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.

566 A.2d 600, 389 Pa. Super. 30, 1989 Pa. Super. LEXIS 3022
CourtSupreme Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedOctober 5, 1989
Docket533
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 566 A.2d 600 (Metzel v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Metzel v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co., 566 A.2d 600, 389 Pa. Super. 30, 1989 Pa. Super. LEXIS 3022 (Pa. 1989).

Opinions

WIEAND, Judge:

The issue in this appeal is whether occupants of a Winnebago motor home are entitled to be paid benefits under the [32]*32Pennsylvania No-fault Motor Vehicle Insurance Act1 for injuries sustained as a result of an explosion which occurred while the vehicle was being used for lodging purposes. The trial court held that no such benefits could be recovered and entered summary judgment in favor of the no-fault insurance carrier. We affirm.

On December 26, 1983, Milton and Rae Jean Metzel, together with their daughter, Alicia, left their home in York, Pennsylvania, for a winter vacation in Florida. They stopped and parked their Winnebago motor home that night in Santee, South Carolina. At or about 2:30 a.m. on the following morning, Milton Metzel was awakened by a pounding noise in the side of the motor home. When he reached to adjust the thermostat, an explosion occurred which blew out the sides of the motor home and caused burns to the three members of the Metzel family. The explosion, it was subsequently determined, had been caused by a malfunction of the regulator valve in the motor home’s propane system.

The insurer of the Metzel vehicle was State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company (State Farm), which had issued a policy in accordance with the Pennsylvania No-fault Act. State Farm denied liability for no-fault benefits, asserting that at the time of the explosion the Winnebago was being used as a place of lodging and not as a vehicle for purposes of transportation. When the Metzels filed suit to recover no-fault benefits, State,Farm filed a motion for summary judgment. Thereafter, the Metzels also moved for summary judgment, and the parties entered a stipulation of the facts relevant to a decision of the case.

Summary judgment is appropriate where it is clear that there remain no genuine issues of fact and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Pa.R.C.P. 1035(b). In the instant case, the facts are not in dispute, [33]*33and the only issue is whether, under the circumstances, appellants are entitled to recover no-fault benefits.

The purpose of the No-fault Insurance system was to provide “basic loss benefits for motor vehicle accident victims....” 40 P.S. § 1009.102(b). Section 1009.103 contained the following definitions:

“Victim” means an individual who suffers injury arising out of the maintenance or use of a motor vehicle; ... “Maintenance and use of a motor vehicle” means maintenance or use of a motor vehicle as a vehicle, including, incident to its maintenance or use as a vehicle, occupying, entering into, or alighting from it----

(emphasis added). The test used in applying the “maintenance and use” requirement of the No-fault Act to individual fact situations is whether the injury suffered was causally related to the use of a motor vehicle as a vehicle. Crawford v. Allstate Insurance Company, 305 Pa.Super. 167, 173, 451 A.2d 474, 477 (1982). “[W]hile the causal connection need not rise to the level of proximate causation, for purposes of coverage under the No-fault Act there must be some connection, more than mere chance or happenstance, between the injuries sustained and the insured vehicle” while the vehicle was being used as a vehicle. Schweitzer v. Aetna Life and Casualty Co., 306 Pa.Super. 300, 303, 452 A.2d 735, 737 (1982). See also: Howe v. Harleysville Insurance Companies, 313 Pa.Super. 65, 67, 459 A.2d 412, 413 (1983).

The facts of this case closely parallel those of Crusco v. Insurance Company of North America, 292 Pa.Super. 293, 437 A.2d 52 (1981). In that case, appellant’s decedent was killed while she was occupying a motor home parked in a parking lot. Gas had been leaking from a faulty gas line connected to the refrigerator, and an explosion had occurred when the decedent attempted to light the stove to prepare dinner. In an action to recover benefits under the No-fault Act, the trial court entered summary judgment in favor of the insurer, and the insured appealed. The Superi- or Court affirmed, reasoning as follows:

[34]*34[W]e agree with the conclusion reached by the New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, which was faced with an almost identical situation in Reisinger v. Allstate Insurance Company, 58 A.D.2d 1028, 397 N.Y.S.2d [52] (1977). In Reisinger, the plaintiff had sought to recover under the No-fault Act for injuries suffered when the gas cook stove in the insured “mini motor home” exploded during the preparation of breakfast. As in this case, the motor home was parked at the time of the accident. Rejecting the claim, the New York court explained:

The No-fault coverage required by the statute applies for use of the motor vehicle qua motor vehicle, not the use of equipment built into the vehicle to serve some other function.” (citing inter alia, 12 Couch on Insurance 2d § 45:47) 58 A.D.2d at 1028, 397 N.Y.S.2d at 52, 53.

We would add that the construction of the statute urged upon us by appellant would require that we ignore the statute’s mandate that the accident result from the use of the vehicle as a vehicle. Yet, in construing the language of a statute, the court must assume that the legislature intended that every word of the statute would have effect. See Commonwealth v. Driscoll, 485 Pa. 99 401 A.2d 312 (1979), Lukus v. Westinghouse Electric Corporation, 276 Pa.Super. 232, 419 A.2d 431 (1980). Furthermore, it is assumed that the legislature uses words in their standard, or accepted, sense. See Commonwealth v. Ashford, 263 Pa.Super. 100, 397 A.2d 420 (1979).

Id. 292 Pa.Super. at 297, 437 A.2d at 53-54 (emphasis in original).

In the instant case, appellants’ motor home was being used for overnight lodging when the faulty propane regulator valve caused an explosion of the furnace which, at that time, was being used for heating purposes. It seems clear, therefore, that the motor home was not, at the time of the explosion, being used as a vehicle within the meaning of the No-fault Act. See also: Quinn v. By-Pass Garage, [35]*35Inc., 333 Pa.Super. 412, 482 A.2d 634 (1984) (injuries suffered when insured fell from upper bunk of motor home while parked for overnight lodging did not arise from maintenance or use of vehicle as vehicle, and benefits were properly denied). Cf. Schenk v. Ohio Casualty Insurance Group, 346 Pa.Super. 42, 498 A.2d 1361 (1985) (child who cut leg on parked automobile was not entitled to no-fault benefits; injury did not result from use or maintenance of automobile as vehicle); Burger v. State Farm Insurance Companies, 30 D. & C.

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Metzel v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co.
566 A.2d 600 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1989)

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Bluebook (online)
566 A.2d 600, 389 Pa. Super. 30, 1989 Pa. Super. LEXIS 3022, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/metzel-v-state-farm-mutual-automobile-insurance-co-pa-1989.