McNally v. Eckman

466 A.2d 363, 1983 Del. LEXIS 477
CourtSupreme Court of Delaware
DecidedAugust 23, 1983
StatusPublished
Cited by21 cases

This text of 466 A.2d 363 (McNally v. Eckman) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Delaware primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McNally v. Eckman, 466 A.2d 363, 1983 Del. LEXIS 477 (Del. 1983).

Opinion

HERRMANN, Chief Justice:

In these appeals involving the alleged negligent operation of motor vehicles, defendant Henry R. Kesterson seeks reversal of a Superior Court judgment against him both as to liability and damages. Defendant John K. McNally, Jr. concedes liability but seeks a new trial on damages. The judgment against both defendants was in the amount of $2.9 million for the plaintiff Richard L. Eckman and $325,000 for his wife, Sheila M. Eckman.

I.

This litigation arises from a collision between an airport shuttle van operated by Paul J. McKelvey, an agent of defendant Kesterson, and a pick-up truck operated by defendant McNally.

The material facts are not in dispute. Plaintiff Richard L. Eckman was a paying passenger in the van owned by Kesterson, trading as Galaxy Limousine Service. In the van at the time of the accident were the driver, Eckman and 11 other passengers.

As the van proceeded north on U.S. Route 13, it struck McNally’s truck at the “T”-shaped intersection of Route 13 with Route 2. McNally, proceeding west on Route 2, had failed to stop at the sign controlling entry onto Route 13.

The evidence reveals that, at the time of the accident, McNally was driving his truck at least 12 miles over the speed limit; that he had been awake for at least 32 hours; that he was under the influence of alcohol; that McKelvey was driving the van at least 10 miles over the speed limit and that the collision would not have occurred had he been driving within the speed limit.

McKelvey and a van passenger were killed, and other van passengers sustained various injuries. Eckman sustained injuries that left him a paraplegic below the waist. He is permanently confined to a wheel chair; he has lost all sensation below the waist and all control of bowel and urinary functions; his lower body is deteriorating; and he faces constant pain and discomfort for the rest of his life.

Eckman and his wife brought this action against Kesterson and McNally on the ground of negligence. McKelvey’s widow sued McNally alleging both negligence and wilful or wanton conduct. Motions to consolidate the actions were granted for separate trial of the issue of liability.

At the opening of the liability trial, the Court, over the objection of both Mrs. McKelvey and Kesterson, severed the McKelvey action on the ground that the jury would be confused by simultaneous consideration of both the issue of negligence and the issue of wanton conduct.

At the conclusion of the liability trial, the Trial Court directed a verdict against both *367 defendants on the issues of negligence and proximate cause, submitting to the jury only the question of the relative degree of fault of each defendant. Kesterson requested that the Court charge the jury on the issue of McNally’s wilful or wanton conduct as it related to Kesterson’s case. The Court refused the request on the ground that the McKelvey action, brought on that ground, had been severed.

The jury prorated fault at 65% against McNally and 35% against Kesterson. The case then went on to trial before the same jury on the issue of damages.

II. Liability

Kesterson contends that the Trial Court committed reversible error in three aspects of the trial of the liability issue.

A.

Kesterson contends that he was prejudiced unfairly by the Trial Court’s severance of the McKelvey action; that the same jury should have been permitted to determine all liability issues arising from the collision because the issues were inexorably intertwined; that, as a result of the severance, he was denied a fair trial to which he was constitutionally entitled. We find this position untenable.

We endorse the general rule that, where the issues presented against one of two joint tortfeasors include wilful or wanton conduct and against the other ordinary negligence, the question whether to grant separate trials on the issues is within the Trial Court’s sound discretion; and that détermination will not be disturbed on appeal unless one of the parties has been prejudiced. See Anno., 174 A.L.R. 734, 744—46. The record does not reveal such prejudice to Kesterson. Indeed, the likelihood of prejudicial confusion of the jury resulting from joint trial of the issues supports the Trial Court’s severance. The Court did not abuse its discretion.

B.

Kesterson further contends that the Trial Court committed reversible error in directing the verdict and in refusing to submit to the jury the issue of whether McKelvey’s negligence was a proximate cause of the collision.

According to Kesterson, the Trial Court, in ruling that Kesterson was negligent and that his negligence was a proximate cause of the collision, implicitly ruled that McKel-vey, his agent, was negligent and that such negligence similarly was a proximate cause. Kesterson points to the general rule that questions of negligence and proximate cause ordinarily are issues of fact for the jury, Faircloth v. Rash, Del.Supr., 317 A.2d 871 (1974); he further argues that McKel-vey could not reasonably have anticipated that another driver would run a stop sign at an excessive speed and while under the influence of alcohol; that McKelvey’s excessive speed merely “gave rise to the occasion”; that the real cause was McNally’s conduct.

Preliminarily, we reject out of hand Kesterson’s “reasonable anticipation” argument, the tenor of which seems to be that McKelvey was justified in breaking the law on the assumption that another would not. The erroneous nature of the assumption is self-evident.

As to proximate cause: As this Court stated in Faircloth, supra, “when undisputed facts compel only one conclusion, the Trial Court has a duty to enter a judgment consistent therewith.” 317 A.2d at 871. In this case, expert testimony established that the excessive speed of Kester-son’s van not only “gave rise” to the collision, but the collision would not have occurred but for the excessive speed. Additionally, we note that Kesterson introduced no evidence to establish that his agent’s conduct was a remote rather than proximate cause of the accident.

The Court did not err in directing the verdict.

*368 C.

Finally, Kesterson asserts that he was denied a fair trial because of the Trial Court’s refusal to instruct the jury regarding the issue of McNally’s wilful or wanton conduct, coupled with certain comments by counsel for the plaintiffs and McNally during their summations to the jury on the issue of damages.

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Bluebook (online)
466 A.2d 363, 1983 Del. LEXIS 477, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mcnally-v-eckman-del-1983.