McGruder v. State

886 So. 2d 27, 2004 WL 1385904
CourtCourt of Appeals of Mississippi
DecidedJune 22, 2004
Docket2003-KA-00689-COA, 2001-CT-01542-COA
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 886 So. 2d 27 (McGruder v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Mississippi primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McGruder v. State, 886 So. 2d 27, 2004 WL 1385904 (Mich. Ct. App. 2004).

Opinion

886 So.2d 27 (2004)

Anthony McGRUDER, Appellant
v.
STATE of Mississippi, Appellee.

Nos. 2003-KA-00689-COA, 2001-CT-01542-COA.

Court of Appeals of Mississippi.

June 22, 2004.
Rehearing Denied August 31, 2004.

*28 Belinda J. Stevens, Jackson, attorney for appellant.

Office of the Attorney General by Jeffrey A. Klingfuss, attorney for appellee.

Before SOUTHWICK and BRIDGES, P.JJ., and MYERS, J.

MYERS, J., for the Court.

¶ 1. This case comes before this Court on remand from the Mississippi Supreme Court. Our first opinion dismissed *29 McGruder's claim as time-barred. We now review the merits of McGruder's claim. McGruder raises the following three issues on appeal.

ISSUES PRESENTED

I. Was the verdict against the overwhelming weight of the evidence?

II. Did the State commit reversible error during its closing argument by making improper remarks which appealed to the bias and prejudice of the jurors?

III. Did the cumulative effect of the enumerated errors deny the appellant a fundamentally fair trial?

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

¶ 2. The facts of this case were recited in our first opinion, McGruder v. State, 835 So.2d 104 (Miss.Ct.App.2003). During the early morning hours of June 23, 1998, a fire was started at 617 Grady Avenue in Yazoo City, Mississippi. Upon entering the house in an effort to extinguish the fire, the firefighters discovered two charred bodies inside the house. Investigations identified the bodies as Daisy Shinal and Willy Dixon, an elderly brother and sister who lived with Anthony McGruder, the grandson of Daisy Shinal. Autopsies conducted on the remains indicated that Shinal and Dixon died two to four days before the fire. The autopsies showed that Shinal died as a result of strangulation and Dixon died as a result of blunt force trauma to his head.

¶ 3. After the Yazoo City Police Department interviewed several witnesses, McGruder became the primary suspect in the investigation. During questioning by the police, McGruder confessed to having a "confrontation" with Dixon and Shinal. McGruder stated that he pushed Shinal, his seventy-eight year-old grandmother. McGruder told police that he also pushed Dixon, making the elderly man fall to the floor. McGruder told police that as a result of the blow, blood came from Dixon's head and that he dragged Dixon down the hallway into a bedroom.

¶ 4. McGruder was indicted for two counts of murder and one count of arson in violation of Mississippi Code Annotated Sections 97-3-19(1)(a) and 97-17-1 (Rev.2000). During McGruder's trial, Deputy Fire Marshal Carl Rayfield and Yazoo City Fire Marshal James Jackson testified that piles of clothes were placed over Shinal and Dixon and set afire. The only sign of forced entry was the front door. Herbert Grayson, a neighbor, testified he and two others tried to enter the house through the door because of the fire. They were not able to gain entry into the house. On November 29, 2000, McGruder was found guilty on all counts and was sentenced to serve a term of two life sentences for the murders to be served concurrently and ten years for the arson to be served consecutively with the life sentences in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections.

¶ 5. McGruder's trial counsel filed a JNOV on March 15, 2001. McGruder then filed a pro se motion to appoint new counsel on July 11, 2001. New appellate counsel was appointed on September 7, 2001. McGruder's new counsel filed a motion for JNOV which was denied. A notice of appeal was filed on September 26, 2001. McGruder also filed an out-of-time appeal on November 19, 2001 which was dismissed on December 20, 2001.

¶ 6. This Court rendered an opinion on January 21, 2003, dismissing McGruder's appeal as time-barred. McGruder v. State, 835 So.2d 104 (Miss.Ct.App.2003), cert. granted, 847 So.2d 866 (Miss.2003). We held that Rule 4(e) of the Mississippi Rules of Appellate Procedure instructs that a party has thirty days from the entry *30 of the order denying either a motion for a judgment notwithstanding the verdict or a motion for new trial to file his notice of appeal. Id. at 105(¶ 6). We addressed the fact that the thirty-day rule is not absolute; however, since McGruder filed his appeal after the thirty days and did not receive permission to file an out-of-time appeal, his claim was time-barred. Id. at (¶ 8).

¶ 7. The Mississippi Supreme Court granted McGruder's petition for writ of certiorari to review our decision. The court held that Rule 4 may be suspended "when justice demands" and allowed McGruder's out-of-time appeal. McGruder v. State, 2001-CT-01542-SCT, 2003-TS-00689 (¶ 4), 886 So.2d 1, 2003 WL 22100126 (Miss. Sept. 11, 2003). The Court emphasized the fact that McGruder was denied his right to perfect his appeal within the time prescribed by law due to actions by his trial counsel. Id. (citing Jones v. State, 355 So.2d 89, 90 (Miss.1978)). The Supreme Court remanded the case to this Court for a decision on the merits of McGruder's claim. Finding no error, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.

LEGAL ANALYSIS

I. WAS THE VERDICT AGAINST THE OVERWHELMING WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE?

¶ 8. McGruder argues that the jury verdict was against the overwhelming weight of the evidence. He contends that the State failed to present sufficient evidence to establish beyond a reasonable doubt that he committed the crimes of murder and arson. He claims that the State presented no direct, eyewitness testimony linking him to the crimes. The State argues that based on evidence the jury actually heard, there was sufficient evidence to support the jury verdict.

¶ 9. The standard of review for determining whether a jury verdict is against the overwhelming weight of the evidence is well-settled. The appellate court must accept as true all evidence which supports the verdict and will reverse only when convinced that the circuit court has abused its discretion in failing to grant a new trial. Swann v. State, 806 So.2d 1111, 1117 (¶ 25) (Miss.2002). On review, the State is given "the benefit of all favorable inferences that may reasonably be drawn from the evidence." Griffin v. State, 607 So.2d 1197, 1201 (Miss.1992). The appellate court should not reverse a guilty verdict unless failure to do so would sanction an unconscionable injustice. Hilliard v. State, 749 So.2d 1015, 1016-17 (¶ 10) (Miss.1999). "This Court does not have the task of re-weighing the facts in each case to, in effect, go behind the jury to detect whether the testimony and evidence they chose to believe was or was not the most credible." Langston v. State, 791 So.2d 273, 280 (¶ 14) (Miss.Ct.App.2001).

¶ 10. Looking at the record, the State offered the testimony of twelve witnesses to prove its case against McGruder. Lindberg Moore, the Yazoo City Fire Chief, testified that he went inside the house at 617 Grady Avenue on June 23, 1998, to discover the smell of decayed flesh. He saw a decayed body on a cot-like bed in the living room and saw another body in the rear of the house. Carl Rayfield, the State Deputy Fire Marshal, testified that he too smelled decayed bodies upon entering the house. Rayfield's job was to determine the cause of the fire. While investigating, Rayfield did not observe any accidental sources of ignition such as the water heater. He did notice three separate fires, one in the front living room and two in the back bedrooms. He determined the cause of the fires was arson.

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Bluebook (online)
886 So. 2d 27, 2004 WL 1385904, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mcgruder-v-state-missctapp-2004.