McCreary v. Commercial Union Ins. Co.

372 So. 2d 745, 1979 La. App. LEXIS 3253
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 5, 1979
Docket10170
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 372 So. 2d 745 (McCreary v. Commercial Union Ins. Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McCreary v. Commercial Union Ins. Co., 372 So. 2d 745, 1979 La. App. LEXIS 3253 (La. Ct. App. 1979).

Opinion

372 So.2d 745 (1979)

Charles E. McCREARY
v.
COMMERCIAL UNION INSURANCE COMPANY et al.

No. 10170.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth Circuit.

June 5, 1979.

*746 Craig R. Nelson, Hammett, Leake, Hammett, Hulse & Nelson, New Orleans, for defendants-appellants.

Robert L. Manard, III, Manard, Schoenberger & Ryan, New Orleans, for plaintiff-appellee.

Before LEMMON, SCHOTT and GARRISON, JJ.

SCHOTT, Judge.

In his original petition plaintiff brought suit against Commercial Union Assurance Company, Woodward Wight & Company, Ltd., and T. H. Hughes, Jr. (sometimes collectively referred to as appellants), seeking damages for injuries he allegedly sustained when his automobile was struck by Hughes' automobile on November 11, 1975. He subsequently filed a supplemental and amending petition alleging that he was injured on February 16, 1976, when his automobile was struck by an automobile operated by one Edgar M. Lewis. Alleging that Lewis was uninsured, he made his own uninsured motorist's insurer, Hartford Accident & Indemnity Company (Hartford) a defendant along with Lewis.

The original and the supplemental petitions contained identical allegations that plaintiff "suffered severe and disabling personal injuries to his mind and body which required surgery and resultant permanent disability."

Before this case went to trial plaintiff settled his claim against Hartford for the injuries he sustained in the second accident for $20,000, and he dismissed his suit against Hartford. In the meantime, Hartford filed a third party demand against Lewis for whatever amount it might be cast in plaintiff's favor. Appellant Hughes filed a third-party demand against Lewis and Hartford, seeking indemnity or contribution against them for whatever damages he might be cast unto plaintiff, and Hartford responded with various exceptions.

Following these events a number of procedural developments took place. Appellants filed a rule against plaintiff to set aside his settlement with Hartford or, alternatively, for an order authorizing full disclosure to the jury of the terms and conditions of the settlement. Hartford filed a motion to sever the third party demand it had filed against Lewis from the main demand which was scheduled for trial before a jury. On November 22, 1977, the court ordered:

"That the rule to set aside the settlement between plaintiff and Hartford Accident & Indemnity Co., filed by Commercial Union, et als and the rule to advise the jury of the settlement also filed by Commercial Union, et als, be and the same are both denied, and defendant and its Counsel and witnesses are instructed by the Court not to use any testimony, remarks, questions, or arguments which might inform the jury of such information."

He also ordered that the trial of Hartford's third party demand against Lewis be severed from the trial of the main demand.

Appellants then applied for writs to this court, whereupon we vacated the ruling of the trial court with respect to the admissibility of the fact of the settlement. The following was our rationale for this action:

"The fact of a second accident (possibly causing damages similar to those complained of in a first accident) and any medical evidence relating thereto is admissible because relative to quantum of damages caused by the first. That a claim arising out of the second accident has been settled is also admissible for the purpose of showing that there is no longer a pending claim against the second tortfeasor (or, as here, a solvent uninsured motorist insurer answerable for him).
*747 Existence of two claims against solvent defendants tend to keep the claimant unbiased in his testimony of complaints relative to either accident. Settlement of one claim so as to exclude one of the solvent defendants might tend to make the claimant, even subconsciously, shade his testimony to attribute complaints to the accident in which the claim is still pending. The fact of the settlement therefore bears on credibility and is admissible.
Unless the remaining solvent defendant is liable to the other for, or is entitled to credit for, some portion of the settlement, the amount of the settlement is irrelevant. The amount represents the judgment of persons who are not the triers of fact in the case being tried."

On January 6, 1978, the third party demand of Hughes against Hartford was dismissed and from this judgment no appeal was taken. The case proceeded to trial on the main demand before a jury and plaintiff was awarded a verdict in the amount of $75,000, whereupon appellants have taken this appeal. Appellants have specified the following errors for our consideration: (1) the amount of the award was excessive, (2) the amount of the award should be reduced either to zero or to 50% as a result of the settlement plaintiff made with Hartford, (3) the finding that Hughes was guilty of negligence which was the sole and proximate cause of the accident was manifestly erroneous, and (4) plaintiff's injuries were not caused exclusively by the November, 1975, accident. For a preliminary understanding of these specifications it behooves us to review the uncontro verted facts brought out at the trial.

On the date of the accident in November, 1975, plaintiff was in the process of leaving the parking lot adjacent to the building where he resided when his automobile was struck by Hughes' automobile. Hughes was backing out of his parking spot in the lot prior to colliding with plaintiff. Immediately after the collision while plaintiff was getting out of his car he struck his head above the door. Two days later plaintiff sought medical attention from Dr. Arthur J. Axelrod to whom he was referred by Commercial Union's claims adjuster. He was complaining of pain in his neck. On February 16, 1976, plaintiff's automobile was struck by an automobile operated by Lewis and three days later plaintiff sought medical attention from Dr. Claude Craighead. He was complaining primarily about pain in his neck. Except for the one visit to Dr. Axelrod on November 13, 1975, plaintiff had sought no other medical treatment until this visit to Dr. Craighead, and between February 19 and March 26 Dr. Craighead continued to treat plaintiff for his neck complaints when he referred plaintiff to Dr. Kenneth Vogel, a neurosurgeon. Dr. Vogel had a myelogram and a discogram run on plaintiff which confirmed the disc, and he then performed an anterior cervical fusion at this site.

From this summary it becomes clear that the most serious issue presented in the case is the question of causation by the first accident for the extensive medical problems which plaintiff eventually encountered. The jury undoubtedly concluded that the ruptured disc was caused by this accident or they would have returned a verdict for considerably less. From our review of the record we have concluded that this ultimate determination of causation was within the fact finding province of the jury and the instructions given to the jury were such that the issue was properly presented to the jury for its determination. A summary of the testimony is now presented to support this conclusion.

The testimony of plaintiff: When his car was struck by Hughes he was thrown forward and struck his head on the sun visor. He opened the door to get out and "whacked" his head again. When his automobile approached the Hughes car he saw no indication that it was about to move and when it began to back out there was nothing he could do to avoid being struck. He did slam on his brakes, which caused him to flip forward.

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Bluebook (online)
372 So. 2d 745, 1979 La. App. LEXIS 3253, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mccreary-v-commercial-union-ins-co-lactapp-1979.