McClenahan v. Lawhorne

849 S.W.2d 773, 1992 Tenn. App. LEXIS 890
CourtCourt of Appeals of Tennessee
DecidedJune 8, 1992
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 849 S.W.2d 773 (McClenahan v. Lawhorne) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Tennessee primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McClenahan v. Lawhorne, 849 S.W.2d 773, 1992 Tenn. App. LEXIS 890 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinions

OPINION

SANDERS, Presiding Judge,

Eastern Section.

This suit is for the wrongful death of Plaintiffs wife and two children and personal injuries to a third child resulting from the automobile in which they were riding being struck at an intersection by an automobile being driven at a high rate of speed by an escaping felon while being pursued by a police officer of the City of Cleveland.

The events leading up to this unfortunate accident had their origin in the theft of a 1981 model Pontiac automobile by Defendant Alan Lawhome in Athens, Tennessee. Soon after the theft, Lawhorne was seen on Interstate 75 traveling in a northerly direction toward Cleveland. Sgt. Steve Castello, of the Cleveland police force was on duty at the time and received a radio broadcast to be on the lookout for the blue Pontiac. He was given a description of the driver and was told the Pontiac was low on gasoline and there was a fully loaded 12-gauge shotgun in the vehicle. Sgt. Castello went to the 25th Street exit of Interstate 75 where he met Tennessee Highway Patrolman Tom Seymour who was at the same location and also on the lookout for Lawhome and the Pontiac. As they waited, the Pontiac came off of Interstate 75 onto the ramp in their direction. Sgt. Castello was driving an unmarked police car and he fell in behind Lawhorne. Trooper Seymour was driving a fully marked Highway Patrol car and he followed immediately behind Sgt. Castello. Lawhorne stopped on the ramp at the intersection of 25th Street and waited for traffic to clear. He then turned right and headed east on 25th Street. Lawhorne was travel[774]*774ing below the speed limit and Sgt. Castello got close enough to him to get the car tag number and confirmed by radio it was the stolen automobile. This radio dispatch was clocked at 11:30:45 a.m. After confirming the license number of the Pontiac to be that of the stolen car, Sgt. Castello turned on his blue blinker lights signaling Law-horne to stop. Lawhorne ignored the blinker lights and when the vehicles were 0.6 of a mile from the intersection of 25th Street and Peerless Road Castello activated his siren. At about that time, according to the affidavits of Plaintiffs witnesses, Law-horne speeded up to around 50 to 55 miles per hour, with Sgt. Castello’s vehicle described as being “bumper-to-bumper” with Lawhorne’s car and Trooper Seymour immediately behind Castello. Witnesses said the vehicles changed lanes, weaved in and out of traffic and even drove on the shoulder of the road and into the turn lane just prior to the intersection of Peerless Road and 25th Street. When the vehicles were about 0.2 of a mile from the intersection, Lawhorne suddenly accelerated his speed up to an estimated 70 to 80 miles per hour, with Sgt. Castello and Trooper Seymour remaining in close pursuit. Just before the Lawhorne vehicle reached the intersection of Peerless Road the traffic light at the intersection turned from green to red on 25th and from red to green on Peerless Road. The deceased, Lesa Karean McClen-ahan, was operating her Toyota automobile in a northerly direction on Peerless Road. As she entered the intersection with 25th Street and started to make a left turn, her car was hit broadside by the Pontiac driven by Lawhorne traveling at a speed estimated at 79 miles per hour.

The record also shows Sgt. Castello’s car left skid marks on the pavement leading from the right-hand lane to the left-hand lane of the intersection where his car came to rest. The skid marks indicated the car had skidded through the intersection but made no contact with any other vehicle.

Lesa McClenahan died as a result of the injuries she received in the accident. A viable fetus which she was carrying, named Princess, was born dead after the accident. Plaintiff’s son, William, also died from injuries and his son, Moriah was seriously injured.

The Plaintiff, William Hall McClenahan, as the husband of Lesa McClenahan and father of the three children, filed suit against the Defendants named above for the wrongful death of his wife and two children and the personal injuries received by the other child. A former appeal as to the Defendant, Glen Cooley, has been decided by our supreme court. See McClena-han v. Cooley, 806 S.W.2d 767 (Tenn.1991).

The only issue before this court on appeal relates to the question of liability of the City of Cleveland as the employer of Sgt. Castello at the time of the accident. The complaint alleged Sgt. Castello was an employee of the City of Cleveland as a police officer and while on duty “on the busiest stretch of roadway in Cleveland, Tennessee, and heading toward the busiest intersection in Cleveland, Tennessee, at the lunchtime hour on a Friday, Castello suddenly engaged his blue lights and siren. As a result, the Defendant, Alan D. Law-horne, only after seeing the blue lights and hearing the sirens, attempted to evade his pursuers. A high-speed chase ensued where Castello chased Lawhorne at speeds in excess of 80 miles per hour approaching the most dangerous intersections in the City. Such chase was made without regard to the safety of the traveling public and under circumstances where Castello knew:

“(a) The chase was unreasonably dangerous;
“(b) The chase would not be able to effectuate a stop before endangering the lives and safety of others;
“(c) The chase was unnecessary;
“(d) He was violating standards applicable to the initiation and maintenance of a chase;
“(e) He was violating the speed limits of 30, 35 and 40 miles per hour;
“(f) The intersection into which he was chasing Lawhorne was so constructed that certain vehicles would be unable to observe the chase and thus avoid its danger;
“(g) The intersection into which he was chasing Lawhorne was controlled by [775]*775traffic activated lights which did not make allowance for 85 miles per hour traffic.”

The complaint alleged the Plaintiff’s damages were the direct and proximate result of Sgt. Castello’s negligence.

The City, for answer, admitted Sgt. Cas-tello was its employee at the time of the accident and was on duty as an officer at the time. It denied the actions of Sgt. Castello were of such nature as to be the direct and proximate cause of the injuries received by the McClenahans. It denied Officer Castello failed to maintain under control the vehicle he was operating or that he was operating his vehicle improperly at a speed which was excessive under the conditions then and there existing. As an affirmative defense it said the conduct of Defendant Alan Lawhorne was the proximate cause of the injuries received in the accident. It said Sgt. Castello was operating his vehicle in compliance with T.C.A. § 55-8-108, that the City was immune from suit under T.C.A. §§ 29-20-101, et seq., and 29-20-205 and the actions of Sgt. Castello were discretionary. It denied it was liable to the Plaintiff in any amount.

The City filed a motion for summary judgment, saying that as a matter of law Sgt. Castello’s pursuit of Alan Lawhorne was not the proximate cause of the collision of the Lawhorne vehicle and the McClenahan vehicle; that as a matter of law Lawhorne’s negligence was the proximate cause of the McClenahans’ injuries.

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Related

Haynes v. Hamilton County
883 S.W.2d 606 (Tennessee Supreme Court, 1994)
Garren v. City of Englewood
854 S.W.2d 892 (Court of Appeals of Tennessee, 1993)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
849 S.W.2d 773, 1992 Tenn. App. LEXIS 890, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mcclenahan-v-lawhorne-tennctapp-1992.