McBreairty v. COM'R OF ADMIN. & FIN. SERV.

663 A.2d 50
CourtSupreme Judicial Court of Maine
DecidedAugust 7, 1995
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 663 A.2d 50 (McBreairty v. COM'R OF ADMIN. & FIN. SERV.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Judicial Court of Maine primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
McBreairty v. COM'R OF ADMIN. & FIN. SERV., 663 A.2d 50 (Me. 1995).

Opinion

663 A.2d 50 (1995)

James McBREAIRTY, et al.
v.
COMMISSIONER OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL SERVICES, et al.

Supreme Judicial Court of Maine.

Argued June 6, 1995.
Decided August 7, 1995.

*51 Richard D. Solman (orally), Solman & Hunter, Caribou, for plaintiffs.

Andrew Ketterer, Atty. Gen., Cabanne Howard (orally), Asst. Atty. Gen., Augusta, for defendants.

Before WATHEN, C.J., and ROBERTS, GLASSMAN, CLIFFORD, RUDMAN, DANA and LIPEZ, JJ.

CLIFFORD, Justice.

Plaintiffs James McBreairty, Donald Collins, Rene Lizotte, Allen Martin, Raymond Todd, and Carroll Kelley appeal from the summary judgment[1] entered in the Superior Court (Aroostook County, Archibald, A.R.J.) in favor of the defendants, the Commissioner of Administrative and Financial Services, the State Tax Assessor, the State Treasurer, the State Auditor, the Commissioner of the Department of Conservation, and the Commissioner of the Department of Education. Plaintiffs own property in the unorganized territory and pay taxes pursuant to 36 M.R.S.A. §§ 1601-1610 (1990 & Supp.1994). They challenge certain property tax statutes applicable to the unorganized territory as violating either (1) the requirement that taxes be apportioned and assessed equally pursuant to Me. Const. art. IX, § 8,[2] or (2) the guarantee of equal protection provided by Me. Const. art. I, § 6-A.[3] Finding no error with the trial court's conclusion that the challenged *52 statutory provisions are not unconstitutional, we affirm the judgment.

36 M.R.S.A. §§ 1601-1610 (1990 & Supp. 1994), the Unorganized Territory Tax, creates a tax district containing all unorganized areas of the State (the District). Id. § 1601. Because the District "requires municipal and educational services" but has "none of the machinery customary in municipalities for raising the necessary funds to pay for such municipal services," Opinion of the Justices, 383 A.2d 648, 652 (Me.1978), the statute authorizes an annual property tax against property owners in the District.[4] 36 M.R.S.A. § 1602. The tax is collected by the State Tax Assessor and is deposited in the Unorganized Territory Education and Services Fund (the Fund). Id. §§ 1602, 1605(1). Money from the Fund is used to reimburse State agencies for their municipal cost component expenditures. Prior to receiving reimbursement for these expenses, each agency must submit an accounting of these expenditures to the Treasurer of State. Id. § 1605(2).

The "municipal cost component" is the amount of money required by State agencies to provide necessary public services in the District each year.[5] It includes, inter alia, the cost of education as would be determined pursuant to the School Finance Act if the District were a municipality, and the cost of services the State provides in the District that in other parts of the State are provided and funded locally by municipalities. Id. § 1603(1)(A)-(B). An example is the cost of land use planning, regulation, and enforcement services provided to the District by the Land Use Regulation Commission.

In order to raise municipal cost component revenues, the Assessor establishes a district-wide mill rate based on the total assessed value of all property in the District. Id. § 1602. In 1990 and 1991, a charge for accounting and personnel administration services provided by State agencies to the District (state cost allocation charge) also was included in the calculation of the mill rate. Id. § 1602(4)(B-1). Individual property owners in the unorganized territory pay taxes calculated from the application of the mill rate to the assessed value of their particular property.

"Legislative enactments are presumed constitutional, and the party challenging a statute's constitutionality bears the burden of proof to the contrary." American Republic Ins. Co. v. Superintendent of Ins., 647 A.2d 1195, 1197 (Me.1994). There must be a "clear showing by `strong and convincing reasons' that [legislation] conflicts with the Constitution." Opinion of the Justices, 623 A.2d 1258, 1262 (Me.1993) (citation omitted). On appeal of the grant of a summary judgment, we examine "the evidence in the light to most favorable to the nonprevailing party to determine whether the trial court committed an error of law." Dubois v. City of Saco, 645 A.2d 1125, 1127 (Me.1994). Because the parties agreed at oral argument that there were no material facts in dispute, we treat the case as though it was decided on an agreed statement of facts. See Tondreau v. Sherwin-Williams Co., 638 A.2d 728, 730 (Me.1994) (summary judgment proper where parties do not dispute facts, only legal conclusions to be drawn).

I. Education Subsidy

Plaintiffs first challenge the failure of the State to provide an education subsidy to the unorganized territory. Primary and secondary education in the unorganized territory is provided directly by the State through the Department of Education. The State's costs are reimbursed from the Fund. In other areas of the State, schools are operated by what are defined as school administrative *53 units[6] funded from local property taxes. Although municipalities are responsible for providing and funding education, see Me. Const. art. VIII, pt. 1, § 1,[7] the State contributes some money to these localities. Pursuant to the School Finance Act, the State provides each school administrative unit with a minimum of 5% of its education costs. 20-A M.R.S.A. § 15613(13) (1993). The money for the State's contribution comes from the State General Fund. The unorganized territory does not receive a similar subsidy. The plaintiffs argue that the failure of the State to provide the unorganized areas with the subsidy denies them equal protection within the meaning of Article I, Section 6-A. We do not agree.

Not all classifications that result in different treatment are constitutionally prohibited; the equal protection provisions of the Maine and United States Constitutions forbid only those discriminatory legislative classifications that are "arbitrary, unreasonable or irrational." Lambert v. Wentworth, 423 A.2d 527, 531 (Me.1980). Where the discrimination does not involve a fundamental right or an inherently suspect classification, we review an asserted equal protection violation pursuant to the "rational basis test, i.e., the existence of a rational relation between the classification challenged and the intended goal of the legislation." Id.; School Admin. Dist. No. 1 v. Commissioner, Dep't of Educ., 659 A.2d 854, 857 (Me.1995).

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