UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT WESTERN DISTRICT OF KENTUCKY LOUISVILLE DIVISION RANDALL J. McATEE Plaintiff v. Civil Action No. 3:21-cv-345-RGJ AUDUBON COUNTRY CLUB Defendant * * * * * MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER Plaintiff Randall J. McAtee filed the instant pro se action and paid the filing fee. For the reasons stated herein, the Court will direct service of the complaint on Defendant Audubon Country Club, give the parties notice that the complaint will be dismissed sua sponte, and order Plaintiff to show cause why the action should not be dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. I. Plaintiff initiated the action on a form for filing a civil case. He names Audubon Country
Club as the only Defendant. Where the form asks Plaintiff to state the basis for federal court jurisdiction, Plaintiff indicates that jurisdiction is based on a federal question. Where the form asks Plaintiff to state the specific federal statutes, treaties, or constitutional provisions at issue in the case, Plaintiff states, “Return of social dues. 22 months. Pain and suffering and perjury.” Plaintiff also indicates in the form that he is a citizen of Indiana and that Audubon Country Club isincorporatedinKentucky. Where theform asks for the amount in controversy,Plaintiff left the section blank. Where the form asks for the statement of claim, Plaintiff also left thesection blank. In theRelief section, Plaintiff states,“Money. Truth to be told. Damages.” II. The Court recognizes that pro se pleadings are to be held to a less stringent standard than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers. Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519 (1972). The duty to be less stringent with pro se complaints, however, “does not require [the Court] to conjure up unpled allegations,” McDonald v. Hall, 610 F.2d 16, 19 (1st Cir. 1979) (citation omitted), and the Court
is not required to create a claim for a pro se plaintiff. Clark v. Nat’l Travelers Life Ins. Co., 518 F.2d 1167, 1169 (6th Cir. 1975). To command otherwise would require the “courts to explore exhaustively all potential claims of a pro se plaintiff, [and] would also transform the district court from its legitimate advisory role to the improper role of an advocate seeking out the strongest arguments and most successful strategies for a party.” Beaudett v. City of Hampton, 775 F.2d 1274, 1278 (4th Cir. 1985). Rule 12(h)(3) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides, “If the court determines at any time that it lacks subject-matter jurisdiction, the court must dismiss the action.” It is axiomatic that federal district courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, and their powers are enumerated in
Article III of the Constitution. Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 511 U.S. 375, 377 (1994); Hudson v. Coleman, 347 F.3d 138, 141 (6th Cir. 2003) (“[I]t is well established that federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, possessing only that power authorized by the Constitution and statute.”). “Jurisdiction defines the contours of the authority of courts to hear and decide cases, and, in so doing, it dictates the scope of the judiciary’s influence.” Douglas v. E.G. Baldwin & Assocs. Inc., 150 F.3d 604, 606 (6th Cir. 1998), overruled on other grounds by Cobb v. Contract Transp., Inc., 452 F.3d 543, 548-49 (6th Cir. 2006). The party that seeks to invoke a federal district court’s jurisdiction bears the burden of establishing the court’s authority to hear the case. Kokkonen, 511 U.S. at 377. Moreover, federal courts have an independent duty to determine
2 whether they have jurisdiction and to “police the boundaries of their own jurisdiction.” Douglas, 150 F.3d at 607 (quoting Ebrahimi v. City of Huntsville Bd. of Educ., 114 F.3d 162, 165 (11th Cir. 1997)). In the present case, Plaintiff has not met his burden of establishing federal-question jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331. The “well-pleaded complaint” rule requires that “a federal
question be presented on the face of the complaint.” Mich. S. R.R. Co. v. Branch & St. Joseph Ctys., 287 F.3d 568, 573 (6th Cir. 2002). Plaintiff cites no facts to support a claim for the violation of his constitutional rights or any other federal cause of action. Therefore, the complaint fails to establish federal-question jurisdiction. Additionally, Plaintiff fails to establish diversity jurisdiction. For a federal court to have diversity-of-citizenship jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332, there must be complete diversity and the amount in controversy must exceed $75,000. Caterpillar, Inc. v. Lewis, 519 U.S. 61, 68 (1996). Plaintiff fails to allege facts supporting that the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000. Even construed liberally, the complaint contains no facts whatsoever to support the requisite
$75,000 amount in controversy. SeeMcCune v. JPay, Inc., No. 2:17-cv-670-CMV-JLG, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 127026, at *7 (S.D. Ohio Aug. 10, 2017) (holding that plaintiff failed to sufficiently plead diversity jurisdiction where he sought $500,000 in damages but “his allegations fail[ed] to support such a request”), report and recommendation adopted, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 135660 (S.D. Ohio, Aug. 24, 2017); Tiger v. Pynkala, No. 14-cv-2312-JDT, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 155247, at *14, n.11 (W.D. Tenn. Oct. 30, 2014) (finding that the plaintiff failed to meet her burden of pleading diversity jurisdiction where she failed to “present clear allegations”that the amount in controversy exceeded $75,000); Carter v. Night Mgmt. & Gap Prot., No. 2:12-cv-780- EAPD-EAS, 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 143796, at *3 (S.D. Ohio Sept. 7, 2012) (finding that the
3 plaintiff failed to sufficiently plead diversity jurisdiction where “her allegations fail[ed] to support her request for millions of dollars”),report andrecommendation adopted,2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 144025 (S.D. Ohio, Oct. 3, 2012). Therefore, Plaintiff has failed to satisfy the amount-in- controversy requirement, and the complaint fails to support diversity jurisdiction. For theforegoing reasons, theCourtconcludes that the instant action is subject to dismissal
sua sponte. The Sixth Circuit has held that before dismissing a case sua sponte, a district court must: “(1) allow service of the complaint upon the defendant; (2) notify all parties of its intent to dismiss the complaint; (3) give the plaintiff a chance to either amend his complaint or respond to the reasons stated by the district court in its notice of intended sua spontedismissal; (4) give the defendant a chance to respond or file an answer or motions; and (5) if the claim is dismissed, state its reasons for the dismissal.” Estate of Abdullah v. Arena, 601 F.App’x389, 396 (6th Cir.
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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT WESTERN DISTRICT OF KENTUCKY LOUISVILLE DIVISION RANDALL J. McATEE Plaintiff v. Civil Action No. 3:21-cv-345-RGJ AUDUBON COUNTRY CLUB Defendant * * * * * MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER Plaintiff Randall J. McAtee filed the instant pro se action and paid the filing fee. For the reasons stated herein, the Court will direct service of the complaint on Defendant Audubon Country Club, give the parties notice that the complaint will be dismissed sua sponte, and order Plaintiff to show cause why the action should not be dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. I. Plaintiff initiated the action on a form for filing a civil case. He names Audubon Country
Club as the only Defendant. Where the form asks Plaintiff to state the basis for federal court jurisdiction, Plaintiff indicates that jurisdiction is based on a federal question. Where the form asks Plaintiff to state the specific federal statutes, treaties, or constitutional provisions at issue in the case, Plaintiff states, “Return of social dues. 22 months. Pain and suffering and perjury.” Plaintiff also indicates in the form that he is a citizen of Indiana and that Audubon Country Club isincorporatedinKentucky. Where theform asks for the amount in controversy,Plaintiff left the section blank. Where the form asks for the statement of claim, Plaintiff also left thesection blank. In theRelief section, Plaintiff states,“Money. Truth to be told. Damages.” II. The Court recognizes that pro se pleadings are to be held to a less stringent standard than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers. Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519 (1972). The duty to be less stringent with pro se complaints, however, “does not require [the Court] to conjure up unpled allegations,” McDonald v. Hall, 610 F.2d 16, 19 (1st Cir. 1979) (citation omitted), and the Court
is not required to create a claim for a pro se plaintiff. Clark v. Nat’l Travelers Life Ins. Co., 518 F.2d 1167, 1169 (6th Cir. 1975). To command otherwise would require the “courts to explore exhaustively all potential claims of a pro se plaintiff, [and] would also transform the district court from its legitimate advisory role to the improper role of an advocate seeking out the strongest arguments and most successful strategies for a party.” Beaudett v. City of Hampton, 775 F.2d 1274, 1278 (4th Cir. 1985). Rule 12(h)(3) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides, “If the court determines at any time that it lacks subject-matter jurisdiction, the court must dismiss the action.” It is axiomatic that federal district courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, and their powers are enumerated in
Article III of the Constitution. Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 511 U.S. 375, 377 (1994); Hudson v. Coleman, 347 F.3d 138, 141 (6th Cir. 2003) (“[I]t is well established that federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, possessing only that power authorized by the Constitution and statute.”). “Jurisdiction defines the contours of the authority of courts to hear and decide cases, and, in so doing, it dictates the scope of the judiciary’s influence.” Douglas v. E.G. Baldwin & Assocs. Inc., 150 F.3d 604, 606 (6th Cir. 1998), overruled on other grounds by Cobb v. Contract Transp., Inc., 452 F.3d 543, 548-49 (6th Cir. 2006). The party that seeks to invoke a federal district court’s jurisdiction bears the burden of establishing the court’s authority to hear the case. Kokkonen, 511 U.S. at 377. Moreover, federal courts have an independent duty to determine
2 whether they have jurisdiction and to “police the boundaries of their own jurisdiction.” Douglas, 150 F.3d at 607 (quoting Ebrahimi v. City of Huntsville Bd. of Educ., 114 F.3d 162, 165 (11th Cir. 1997)). In the present case, Plaintiff has not met his burden of establishing federal-question jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331. The “well-pleaded complaint” rule requires that “a federal
question be presented on the face of the complaint.” Mich. S. R.R. Co. v. Branch & St. Joseph Ctys., 287 F.3d 568, 573 (6th Cir. 2002). Plaintiff cites no facts to support a claim for the violation of his constitutional rights or any other federal cause of action. Therefore, the complaint fails to establish federal-question jurisdiction. Additionally, Plaintiff fails to establish diversity jurisdiction. For a federal court to have diversity-of-citizenship jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332, there must be complete diversity and the amount in controversy must exceed $75,000. Caterpillar, Inc. v. Lewis, 519 U.S. 61, 68 (1996). Plaintiff fails to allege facts supporting that the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000. Even construed liberally, the complaint contains no facts whatsoever to support the requisite
$75,000 amount in controversy. SeeMcCune v. JPay, Inc., No. 2:17-cv-670-CMV-JLG, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 127026, at *7 (S.D. Ohio Aug. 10, 2017) (holding that plaintiff failed to sufficiently plead diversity jurisdiction where he sought $500,000 in damages but “his allegations fail[ed] to support such a request”), report and recommendation adopted, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 135660 (S.D. Ohio, Aug. 24, 2017); Tiger v. Pynkala, No. 14-cv-2312-JDT, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 155247, at *14, n.11 (W.D. Tenn. Oct. 30, 2014) (finding that the plaintiff failed to meet her burden of pleading diversity jurisdiction where she failed to “present clear allegations”that the amount in controversy exceeded $75,000); Carter v. Night Mgmt. & Gap Prot., No. 2:12-cv-780- EAPD-EAS, 2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 143796, at *3 (S.D. Ohio Sept. 7, 2012) (finding that the
3 plaintiff failed to sufficiently plead diversity jurisdiction where “her allegations fail[ed] to support her request for millions of dollars”),report andrecommendation adopted,2012 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 144025 (S.D. Ohio, Oct. 3, 2012). Therefore, Plaintiff has failed to satisfy the amount-in- controversy requirement, and the complaint fails to support diversity jurisdiction. For theforegoing reasons, theCourtconcludes that the instant action is subject to dismissal
sua sponte. The Sixth Circuit has held that before dismissing a case sua sponte, a district court must: “(1) allow service of the complaint upon the defendant; (2) notify all parties of its intent to dismiss the complaint; (3) give the plaintiff a chance to either amend his complaint or respond to the reasons stated by the district court in its notice of intended sua spontedismissal; (4) give the defendant a chance to respond or file an answer or motions; and (5) if the claim is dismissed, state its reasons for the dismissal.” Estate of Abdullah v. Arena, 601 F.App’x389, 396 (6th Cir. 2015) (quoting Tingler v. Marshall, 716 F.2d 1109, 1112 (6th Cir. 1983)). Therefore, before dismissing this action sua sponte, the Court will direct service of the complaint on Defendant, give notice to the parties of intent to dismiss the complaint, and order Plaintiff to show cause why this action should not be dismissed for the reasons stated herein. III. Accordingly,IT IS ORDERED as follows: (1) The Clerk of Court shall issue summons to Plaintiff, and Plaintiff shall be responsible for effectuating service of process on Defendant in accordance with Rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. (2) The Court hereby gives NOTICE to the parties of its intent to dismiss the complaint sua sponte. 4 (3) Within 30 days from the entry date of this Memorandum Opinion and Order, Plaintiff must SHOW CAUSE why this action should not be dismissed for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Plaintiff is WARNED that failure to respond within the time allotted will result in dismissal of the action for the reasons set forth herein. (4) The Court will not order Defendant to file an answer or otherwise respond to the complaint at this time. Date: August 25, 2021
ce: Plaintiff, pro se United States District Court Defendant 4415.010