Marlon Edwards v. Dr. Kaleka, et al.

CourtDistrict Court, E.D. California
DecidedJanuary 29, 2026
Docket1:25-cv-00120
StatusUnknown

This text of Marlon Edwards v. Dr. Kaleka, et al. (Marlon Edwards v. Dr. Kaleka, et al.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. California primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Marlon Edwards v. Dr. Kaleka, et al., (E.D. Cal. 2026).

Opinion

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 MARLON EDWARDS, No. 1:25-cv-00120-SAB (PC) 12 Plaintiff, ORDER DIRECTING CLERK OF COURT TO RANDOMLY ASSIGN A DISTRICT JUDGE 13 v. TO THIS ACTION 14 DR. KALEKA, et al., FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING DEFENDANTS’ MOTION 15 Defendants. FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT 16 (ECF No. 27) 17 18 Plaintiff is proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis in this action filed pursuant to 42 19 U.S.C. § 1983. 20 Currently before the Court is Defendants’ motion for summary judgment, filed October 21 29, 2025. 22 I. 23 BACKGROUND 24 This action is proceeding on Plaintiff’s deliberate indifference claim against Defendants 25 Dr. Kaleka, Dr. Odeluga, and Dr. A. Shittu. (ECF No. 9.) 26 Defendants filed an answer to the operative complaint on June 17, 2025. (ECF No. 21.) 27 On July 2, 2025, the Court issued the discovery and scheduling order. (ECF No. 25.) 28 1 On October 29, 2025, Defendants Kaleka and Shittu filed a motion for summary judgment 2 for failure to exhaust the administrative remedies.1 (ECF No. 27.) Plaintiff did not file an 3 opposition and the time to do so has passed. Local Rule 230(l). Accordingly, Defendants’ 4 motion for summary judgment is deemed submitted without oral argument. (Id.) 5 II. 6 LEGAL STANDARD 7 A. Statutory Exhaustion Requirement 8 The Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) of 1995, requires that prisoners exhaust “such 9 administrative remedies as are available” before commencing a suit challenging prison 10 conditions.” 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a); see also Ross v. Blake, 578 U.S. 632, 638 (2016) (“An 11 inmate, that is, must exhaust available remedies, but need not exhaust unavailable ones.”). 12 Exhaustion is mandatory unless unavailable. “The obligation to exhaust ‘available’ remedies 13 persists as long as some remedy remains ‘available.’ Once that is no longer the case, then there 14 are no ‘remedies … available,’ and the prisoner need not further pursue the grievance.” Brown v. 15 Valoff, 422 F.3d 926, 935 (9th Cir. 2005) (emphasis in original) (citing Booth v. Churner, 532 16 U.S. 731, 739 (2001)). 17 This statutory exhaustion requirement applies to all inmate suits about prison life, Porter 18 v. Nussle, 534 U.S. 516, 532 (2002) (quotation marks omitted), regardless of the relief sought by 19 the prisoner or the relief offered by the process, Booth v. Churner, 532 U.S. at 741, and 20 unexhausted claims may not be brought to court, Jones v. Bock, 549 U.S. 199, 211 (2007) (citing 21 Porter, 534 U.S. at 524). 22 The failure to exhaust is an affirmative defense, and the defendants bear the burden of 23 raising and proving the absence of exhaustion. Jones, 549 U.S. at 216; Albino v. Baca, 747 F.3d 24 1162, 1166 (9th Cir. 2014). “In the rare event that a failure to exhaust is clear from the face of 25 the complaint, a defendant may move for dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6).” Albino, 747 F.3d at 26 1 Concurrently with their motion for summary judgment, Defendants served Plaintiff with the requisite notice of the 27 requirements for opposing the motion. Woods v. Carey, 684 F.3d 934, 939-41 (9th Cir. 2012); Rand v. Rowland, 154 F.3d 952, 960-61 (9th Cir. 1998). 28 1 1166. Otherwise, the defendants must produce evidence proving the failure to exhaust, and they 2 are entitled to summary judgment under Rule 56 only if the undisputed evidence, viewed in the 3 light most favorable to the plaintiff, shows he failed to exhaust. Id. 4 B. Summary Judgment Standard 5 Any party may move for summary judgment, and the Court shall grant summary judgment 6 if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is 7 entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a) (quotation marks omitted); Albino, 8 747 F.3d at 1166; Washington Mut. Inc. v. U.S., 636 F.3d 1207, 1216 (9th Cir. 2011). Each 9 party’s position, whether it be that a fact is disputed or undisputed, must be supported by (1) 10 citing to particular parts of materials in the record, including but not limited to depositions, 11 documents, declarations, or discovery; or (2) showing that the materials cited do not establish the 12 presence or absence of a genuine dispute or that the opposing party cannot produce admissible 13 evidence to support the fact. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1) (quotation marks omitted). The Court may 14 consider other materials in the record not cited to by the parties, although it is not required to do 15 so. Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(3); Carmen v. San Francisco Unified Sch. Dist., 237 F.3d 1026, 1031 16 (9th Cir. 2001); accord Simmons v. Navajo Cnty., Ariz., 609 F.3d 1011, 1017 (9th Cir. 2010). 17 The defendants bear the burden of proof in moving for summary judgment for failure to 18 exhaust, Albino, 747 F.3d at 1166, and they must “prove that there was an available 19 administrative remedy, and that the prisoner did not exhaust that available remedy,” id. at 1172. 20 If the defendants carry their burden, the burden of production shifts to the plaintiff “to come 21 forward with evidence showing that there is something in his particular case that made the 22 existing and generally available administrative remedies effectively unavailable to him.” Id. “If 23 the undisputed evidence viewed in the light most favorable to the prisoner shows a failure to 24 exhaust, a defendant is entitled to summary judgment under Rule 56.” Id. at 1166. However, 25 “[i]f material facts are disputed, summary judgment should be denied, and the district judge rather 26 than a jury should determine the facts.” Id. 27 /// 28 /// 1 III. 2 DISCUSSION 3 A. Description of CDCR’s Administrative Remedy Process 4 Since August 1, 2008, health care grievances involving medical services for incarcerated 5 persons within the jurisdiction of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation 6 (CDCR) have been processed by California Correctional Health Care Services (CCHCS). 7 (Declaration of K. Martin (Martin Decl.), ¶ 1.) The Health Care Correspondence and Appeals 8 Branch (HCCAB) is the branch responsible for statewide oversight of health care grievances 9 submitted by the incarcerated adult population. (Martin Decl., ¶ 2.) 10 Under California Code of Regulations, title 15, sections 3999.226 and 3999.227(a), 11 incarcerated persons may grieve issues regarding health care policies, decisions, actions, 12 conditions, or omissions using a CDCR 602 HC, Health Care Grievance form. (Martin Decl., ¶ 13 3.) Once submitted, health care grievances are subject to two levels of review: health care 14 grievances are processed at the institutional level by Health Care Grievance Offices at each 15 institution and health care grievance appeals are processed at the headquarters level by the 16 HCCAB, if requested by the incarcerated person. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, § 3999.226(a)(1) 17 (2019). (Id.) Health care grievances are subject to a headquarters disposition before 18 administrative remedies are deemed exhausted. Cal.

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Bluebook (online)
Marlon Edwards v. Dr. Kaleka, et al., Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/marlon-edwards-v-dr-kaleka-et-al-caed-2026.