Marcus v. Marcus

135 A.D.2d 216, 525 N.Y.S.2d 238, 1988 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 1939
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedFebruary 22, 1988
StatusPublished
Cited by20 cases

This text of 135 A.D.2d 216 (Marcus v. Marcus) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Marcus v. Marcus, 135 A.D.2d 216, 525 N.Y.S.2d 238, 1988 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 1939 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

OPINION OF THE COURT

Mollen, P. J.

The instant appeal and cross appeal present several challenges to the trial court’s resolution of the equitable distribution of the marital assets of the plaintiff wife and the defendant husband, including the trial court’s categorization, valuation and ultimate distribution of those assets. Since the portions of the judgment which have been appealed from do not affect Elizabeth Atwood Metz, her appeal is dismissed on the ground that she is not aggrieved thereby (see, CPLR 5511). For the reasons that follow, we modify the judgment from which the parties appeal.

The record reveals that immediately following their marriage in Chicago in 1948, the plaintiff was employed as a full-time social worker and contributed her earnings to the marital household while the defendant husband (hereinafter the [219]*219defendant) attended medical school. The defendant graduated in 1950 and eventually built up a successful private psychiatric practice in New York. He also became an avid and knowledgeable investor and acquired many lucrative investments. The plaintiff ceased working in 1951 following the birth of the first of their three children, and thereafter devoted herself to taking care of the children, maintaining the household, and socially entertaining the defendant’s business associates and colleagues. The plaintiff engaged in part-time employment infrequently during the marriage and at the time of trial was studying to obtain a certificate in psychoanalytic therapy.

The marital relationship began to deteriorate in the late 1970’s, when the defendant and a former patient began to see each other socially and subsequently developed an intimate relationship. On July 18, 1980, the day preceding the effective date of equitable distribution in New York, while still living in the marital residence with the plaintiff, the defendant commenced an action for divorce by service of a summons. That action, however, was dismissed in October 1980 for failure to serve a complaint. The defendant suffered a heart attack in September 1980 and returned to the marital residence and to the care of the plaintiff following his release from the hospital, but continued the extramarital relationship with his former patient. He also continued to practice psychiatry on an allegedly reduced schedule, although his earnings from his practice steadily increased. The marital problems continued, and the plaintiff commenced the present divorce action on January 8, 1982. After a lengthy trial in the Supreme Court, Westchester County, the court granted a divorce to the plaintiff and distributed the marital assets. This distribution forms the basis for the appeal and cross appeal from stated portions of the judgment of divorce.

In the first instance, both parties challenge the propriety of the trial court’s over-all distribution of the marital assets. Under the facts of this case, we find the distribution to be appropriate. It is well settled that the Equitable Distribution Law contemplates — precisely as denoted — an equitable distribution of the marital property (see, Kobylack v Kobylack, 111 AD2d 221; Sementilli v Sementilli, 102 AD2d 78; Ackley v Ackley, 100 AD2d 153, lv dismissed 63 NY2d 605, 772). The record demonstrates that while the defendant is responsible for the major share of economic contributions to the marriage, the plaintiffs comparatively small financial contributions were significant because they were made early in the mar[220]*220riage and helped enable the defendant to pursue a medical education and career. Moreover, her noneconomic contributions as a full-time parent, spouse and homemaker were also substantial throughout the parties’ lengthy marriage. Hence, in view of their respective contributions to the lengthy marital partnership, we discern no error in the over-all percentage distributions by the court (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [d] [6]; see generally, Neumark v Neumark, 120 AD2d 502, lv dismissed 69 NY2d 899; Griffin v Griffin, 115 AD2d 587).

The defendant also argues that the trial court erred in failing to treat the date upon which he commenced his divorce action (i.e., July 18, 1980) as the cut-off date for identifying and classifying the parties’ assets for purposes of equitable distribution as opposed to the date of the commencement of the instant action which was utilized by the trial court. In support of his position, the defendant relies upon a literal reading of Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (1) (c) which defines the term "marital property” as "all property acquired by either or both spouses during the marriage and before the * * * commencement of a matrimonial action” (emphasis supplied). The defendant therefore claims that his interest in his residence at Wilmot Road in New Rochelle, his half interest in a Manhattan cooperative office and an investment account at Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., all of which he acquired subsequent to the commencement of the first action, should have been deemed separate property not subject to equitable distribution. We disagree.

The defendant admitted at trial that he served a summons on the plaintiff on July 18, 1980, solely for the purpose of avoiding the application of the Equitable Distribution Law which became effective the following day, July 19, 1980 (Domestic Relations Law § 236). However, the defendant failed to serve a complaint in that action despite having ample opportunity to do so, and he did not seek to vacate or appeal from the order dismissing his action. Most significantly, however, the commencement of the first action did not signal the end of the parties’ marital relationship; rather, the defendant continued to reside with the plaintiff and accepted the care of the plaintiff and the benefits of their marital relationship until 1982 when the plaintiff commenced the instant action (cf., Lennon v Lennon, 124 AD2d 788; Muller v Muller, 116 Misc 2d 660; Seldon v Seldon, NYLJ, June 21, 1984, at 11, col 2; but see, Wegman v Wegman, 129 Misc 2d 968, mod 123 AD2d 220, [221]*221remittitur amended 123 AD2d 238). In view of these facts, we conclude that to utilize July 18, 1980, as the cut-off date for the acquisition of marital property would be contrary to the fundamental policy underlying the Equitable Distribution Law. Such a result would permit a party to commence a baseless matrimonial action for the purpose of cutting off his or her spouse’s right to a share in subsequently obtained property which would otherwise constitute marital property, while at the same time receiving the benefits of the parties’ ongoing marital relationship.

In any event, even if we were to accept the defendant’s interpretation of the statute, the defendant’s New Rochelle residence, his one-half interest in an office cooperative and his investment portfolio would still be deemed marital property since the record clearly demonstrates that these assets were acquired with funds received from the liquidation of his interest in a limited partnership, which partnership was acquired during the marriage and prior to the commencement of the defendant’s action. Accordingly, these assets constituted marital property as they were acquired through the sale or exchange of marital property (cf., Lennon v Lennon, supra, at 790).

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Bluebook (online)
135 A.D.2d 216, 525 N.Y.S.2d 238, 1988 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 1939, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/marcus-v-marcus-nyappdiv-1988.