Kobylack v. Kobylack

111 A.D.2d 221, 489 N.Y.S.2d 257, 1985 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 51361
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedMay 13, 1985
StatusPublished
Cited by27 cases

This text of 111 A.D.2d 221 (Kobylack v. Kobylack) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Kobylack v. Kobylack, 111 A.D.2d 221, 489 N.Y.S.2d 257, 1985 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 51361 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1985).

Opinion

In a matrimonial action, the defendant wife appeals, as limited by her brief, from so much of a judgment of the Supreme Court, Westchester County (Slifkin, J.), dated September 22, 1981, as, after a nonjury trial, (1) ordered equitable distribution of the marital property with 72% of the value thereof to the plaintiff husband and 28% to defendant; (2) applied the aforementioned proportions to the marital residence, which was owned jointly by the parties as tenants by the [222]*222entirety, and directed plaintiff to pay to the defendant a distributive award of $12,983.71, representing her share of the value of that property; (3) determined that defendant is not entitled to any of the money contained in plaintiff’s profit-sharing savings plan maintained through his employer, known as the “Thrift Fund”; and (4) denied defendant’s application for counsel fees and determined that each party shall be responsible for the payment of his or her own counsel fees. By order dated August 1, 1983, this court modified the judgment of Special Term, on the law, by directing plaintiff to pay defendant an additional distributive award of $20,031.77, representing a 28% share of the present cash value of his “Thrift Fund” as of December 31, 1980 (see, Kobylack v Kobylack, 96 AD2d 831). By order dated June 14, 1984, the Court of Appeals reversed that order and remitted the matter to this court for further clarification of the basis of our decision pursuant to CPLR 5712 (c) (see, Kobylack v Kobylack, 62 NY2d 399).

Judgment modified, on the law and the facts, by deleting the fifth and sixth decretal paragraphs thereof. As so modified, judgment affirmed, insofar as appealed from, without costs or disbursements, and matter remitted to Special Term to determine the value of the distributive award, representing 28% of the present cash value of plaintiff’s “Thrift Fund” which accrued during the marriage and prior to the commencement of the matrimonial action, to which defendant is entitled, and any distributive awards to which the parties may be entitled from their respective pension rights, in accordance herewith. The findings of fact of Special Term are affirmed, except where specifically indicated otherwise.

Special Term correctly applied the principles of the equitable distribution provisions of Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) which govern the instant case. Special Term set forth the factors enumerated in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d) (1)-(10), and the facts relevant thereto, which it considered in arriving at the formula for the distribution of the marital property (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [g]; Duffy v Duffy, 94 AD2d 711). The determination by Special Term that the major relevant consideration in the equitable distribution of the parties’ marital property was their relative economic contributions to the marriage (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [d] [1]) was proper in the context of the facts and circumstances of the instant case. Both of the parties were employed full time throughout this childless marriage of approximately 10 years’ duration and Special Term determined that they contributed to the household expenses and to the acquisition and maintenance [223]*223of the marital property in accordance with their respective earnings. Special Term arrived at a formula whereby it distributed 72% of the value of the marital property to plaintiff and 28% to defendant, based upon the average ratio of the parties’ earnings during the marriage, as revealed by their income tax returns.

Moreover, Special Term correctly applied that formula to arrive at a distributive award representing defendant’s share of the value of the marital residence, which was owned jointly by the parties as tenants by the entirety. In the absence of any indication by the Legislature to the contrary, we conclude that the marital property “acquired by either or both spouses during the marriage * * * regardless of the form in which title is held” (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [1] [c]) is subject to equitable distribution in accordance with the factors set forth in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (d) (1)-(10). This encompasses property held jointly by the spouses, as well as property in which one of the spouses holds title in his or her name exclusively. The statute does not require that equitable distribution of such jointly held property, in accordance with the statutory factors, be, under all circumstances, an equal distribution of the value thereof to each of those spouses (see, Arvantides v Arvantides, 64 NY2d 1033; Duffy v Duffy, supra). Special Term properly determined that the parties contributed to the purchase and maintenance of the marital residence in accordance with their relative earnings.

We do not, however, adopt the dictum in the decision of Special Term concerning the role of marital fault as a consideration in the equitable distribution of marital property (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [d] [10]). This issue has been discussed, at great length, in the opinion of this court in Blickstein v Blickstein (99 AD2d 287). Pursuant to the standard enunciated in that decision, marital fault may only become a relevant consideration in the equitable distribution of the marital property in rare and egregious situations (see, Blickstein v Blickstein, supra, at p 292), and is not relevant here.

The modification of the judgment of Special Term by awarding defendant an equitable share of plaintiff’s “Thrift Fund” represents a determination upon the law and the facts pursuant to CPLR 5712 (c) (2). Special Term erred, as a matter of law, when it considered plaintiff’s “Thrift Fund” to be his separate property (see, Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [1] [d]). The “Thrift Fund” is a savings plan maintained on behalf of plaintiff through his employer and is comprised of (1) payroll deductions from plaintiff’s salary, (2) matching contributions from his [224]*224employer, and (3) interest earned on the above contributions. Plaintiff testified at trial, based upon records from his employer, that there was a total of $71,542.02 in his “Thrift Fund” as of December 31, 1980, approximately five months after the commencement of the matrimonial action. An employee benefits specialist from plaintiff’s employer had advised defendant’s counsel that plaintiff’s interest in the “Thrift Fund” had become fully vested after five years of service and, thus, he could withdraw the entire amount in that fund if he terminated his employment. At the time of the trial, plaintiff would not have incurred any tax liability if he withdrew from the “Thrift Fund” an amount up to $32,578.06, representing his total contributions to that fund from his salary up until December 31, 1980.

Plaintiff’s “Thrift Fund” is a form of deferred compensation analogous to vested pension rights, which have been held to constitute marital property subject to equitable distribution to the extent that they have accrued during the marriage and prior to the commencement of the matrimonial action (see, Majauskas v Majauskas, 61 NY2d 481, 485-486; Rodgers v Rodgers, 98 AD2d 386, 392-393, appeal dismissed 62 NY2d 646; Damiano v Damiano, 94 AD2d 132, 139; see also, Jolis v Jolis, 111 Misc 2d 965, 980-982, affd 98 AD2d 692). In addition, there is factual support on the record for determining that plaintiff’s “Thrift Fund” should be considered marital property, pursuant to Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (1) (c), rather than plaintiff’s separate property.

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Bluebook (online)
111 A.D.2d 221, 489 N.Y.S.2d 257, 1985 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 51361, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/kobylack-v-kobylack-nyappdiv-1985.