MAGANA-HERRERA v. WARDEN, FCI FORT DIX

CourtDistrict Court, D. New Jersey
DecidedOctober 10, 2025
Docket1:25-cv-05848
StatusUnknown

This text of MAGANA-HERRERA v. WARDEN, FCI FORT DIX (MAGANA-HERRERA v. WARDEN, FCI FORT DIX) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. New Jersey primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
MAGANA-HERRERA v. WARDEN, FCI FORT DIX, (D.N.J. 2025).

Opinion

NOT FOR PUBLICATION

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY CAMDEN VICINAGE

RAUL MAGANA-HERRERA,

Petitioner, Civil No. 25-5848 (RMB) v.

WARDEN, FCI FORT DIX, OPINION

Respondent.

BUMB, CHIEF DISTRICT JUDGE This matter was opened before the Court upon Petitioner Raul Magana- Herrera’s filing of a Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 on May 23, 2025. (“Petition”), Dkt. No. 1. First, Petitioner argues he is statutorily eligible for prerelease custody placement under the First Step Act (“FSA”) (“Petr’s Mem.”) Dkt. No. 1-1 at 4-6. Second, Petitioner submits BOP’s detainer exclusion policy violates the Administrative Procedures Act (“APA”) because it was not promulgated through notice and comment procedures under 5 U.S.C. § 553, and constitutes an unlawful agency action under 5 U.S.C. § 706(2)(A). Id. at 6. Third, in his reply brief and supplemental motion (“Petr’s Reply”) Petitioner contends BOP ignored memoranda issued by its own Director in May and June 2025, which mandated immediate placement of eligible inmates in home confinement, and he claimed a due process right to immediate release to home confinement Petr’s Reply Dkt. No. 14-1 at 2. Finally, in his consolidated reply brief (“Petr’s Consol. Reply”), Petitioner urged the Court, pursuant to Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo (“Loper

Bright”), 603 U.S. 369 (2024), not to give deference to BOP’s statutory interpretation of the FSA. Petr’s Consol. Reply, Dkt. No. 18 at 4. He also asserts due process and equal protection challenges to BOP’s refusal to apply FSA time credits toward his prerelease custody or home confinement. Id. at 5-6. For the reasons discussed below,

the Court will grant the Petition in part, and order BOP to conduct, in good faith, an individualized determination of the prerelease custody placement factors pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3621(b) for Petitioner’s placement in prerelease custody. I. PROCEDURAL HISTORY On June 2, 2025, Petitioner filed an emergency motion for immediate release

pending habeas determination, seeking immediate release to home confinement (“HC”) or a residential reentry center (“RRC”), for which he alleges eligibility as early as June 21, 2024, pursuant to the FSA (“Emergency Motion”), Dkt. No. 2. On June 6, 2025, the Court ordered Respondent to file an expedited answer to the petition and denied without prejudice Petitioner’s emergency motion. Order, Dkt.

No. 3. On June 9, 2025, Petitioner filed an Emergency Motion to Stay Transfer and Enforce Court’s Jurisdiction Pending Resolution of § 2241 Petition (“Mot. For Stay”), Dkt. No. 6. The Court denied Petitioner’s motion for a stay. Order, Dkt. No. 10. On June 13, 2023, Respondent filed a Response to the Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus (“Answer”), Dkt. No. 13. Respondent argues the Court should dismiss or deny the petition on two independent grounds. Id. at 16, 21. First,

Petitioner failed to properly exhaust his administrative remedies, resulting in procedural default that bars judicial review. Id. at 16. Second, neither the FSA nor the Constitution entitles inmates to placement in an RRC or HC; such placements are within the BOP’s discretion. Id. at 21. Thus, Respondent contends that the BOP

lawfully exercised that discretion by denying prerelease custody based on Petitioner’s active immigration detainer, consistent with longstanding policy. Id. at 4. On June 18, 2025, Petitioner submitted a Reply and Supplemental Motion for Immediate Release (“Petr’s Reply”), Dkt. No. 14. Petitioner asserts BOP officials ignored directives from their own Director on May 28, 2025 and June 17, 2025,

which “mandate the immediate placement of eligible inmates into home confinement regardless of detainer status, unless a final order of removal exists.” (“Petr’s Reply Mem.”) Dkt. No. 14-1 at 2. Petitioner claims a due process right to immediate release to home confinement based on his “earned release date of May 12, 2024.” Id., 14-1 at 12. Petitioner states Respondent’s answer to the petition

made no mention of the recent memoranda from the BOP Director. Id. at 1-2. Based on this omission, the Court issued an order to show cause, directing Respondent to file a written submission setting forth why Petitioner should not be immediately transferred to prerelease custody. Order to Show Cause, Dkt. No. 15. The same day, Petitioner filed a Notice of Supplemental Authority (“Notice”), Dkt. No. 16. He contends the Director’s memoranda supersede the outdated BOP Program Statement 7310.04. Id. In sum, Petitioner contends he must immediately be released to home confinement based on: (1) the recent new policies announced in

the BOP memoranda and (2) a statutory analysis of 18 U.S.C. §§ 3632(d)(4)(C) and 3624(g) without deference to agency interpretations under Loper Bright. Id. at 2-3. On July 7, 2025, Respondent filed a brief in response to the Court’s Order to Show Cause (“Respt’s Brief”), Dkt. No. 17. Respondent argues that the BOP retains broad discretion under 18 U.S.C. §§ 3621(b) and 3624(c) to determine inmate

placements, including eligibility for prerelease custody such as RRCs or HC. Id. at 1- 3. Respondent contends that the above-referenced BOP memoranda do not displace Program Statement 7310.04, which excludes inmates with immigration detainers from RRC eligibility. Id. at 7-10. Finally, Respondent submits that Loper Bright does

not affect the BOP’s discretion, as the challenged policy stems from a valid exercise of delegated authority, not statutory interpretation. Id. Accordingly, Respondent argues Petitioner is not entitled to application of FSA time credits to HC or RRC placement, and the BOP determination should not be disturbed. Id. On July 10, 2025, Petitioner filed a Consolidated Reply to Respondent’s

Answer and Memorandum in Response to the Court’s Order to Show Cause (“Petr’s Consol. Reply”), Dkt. No. 18. Petitioner urges the Court to interpret the FSA without deferring to inconsistent agency interpretations under Loper Bright. Id. at 4. Petitioner maintains that the BOP erred by following a January 30, 2025 memorandum while ignoring the more authoritative June 17, 2025 memorandum signed by the BOP Director. Id. at 2. Petitioner also raises several constitutional claims under the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause. Id. at 5-6. Accordingly, Petitioner requests immediate release to HC or RRC, or alternatively, release into

ICE custody under 18 U.S.C. § 3632(d)(4)(E)(ii), so that he may participate in removal proceedings. Id. at 6-7. Petitioner subsequently filed two motions for a ruling (“Mot. for Prompt Ruling”) Dkt. No. 21 and (“Mot. for Immediate Ruling,”) Dkt. No. 22.

II. BACKGROUND A. The First Step Act Under the FSA, one of the incentives for federal prisoners to successfully participate in recidivism-reduction programming is that it allows inmates to earn time credits.

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