Lockhart v. State

632 N.E.2d 374, 1994 Ind. App. LEXIS 380, 1994 WL 117237
CourtIndiana Court of Appeals
DecidedApril 11, 1994
Docket41A01-9310-PC-327
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 632 N.E.2d 374 (Lockhart v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Indiana Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lockhart v. State, 632 N.E.2d 374, 1994 Ind. App. LEXIS 380, 1994 WL 117237 (Ind. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

NAJAM, Judge.

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

Kevin E. Lockhart appeals from the denial of his petition for post-conviction relief and raises the sole issue of whether the sentencing court's order imposing consecutive sentences under his plea agreement violated the prohibition against double jeopardy. We affirm.

FACTS

According to the evidence presented to the post-conviction court, on September 10, 1989, Lockhart recklessly disregarded an automatic traffic signal at the intersection of Highway 37 and Highway 144 in Johnson County and drove his pick-up truck into a car driven by Tina Hamilton. Lockhart had a blood aleohol content of 0.108 percent. His con-duet caused the deaths of Ms. Hamilton and her son, Dustin Grimes, and serious injury to her husband Donald Hamilton, another passenger.

Lockhart pled guilty under a written plea agreement to one count of Operating a Vehicle With Ten Hundredths Percent or More Blood Aleohol Content Resulting in Death of Another Person, as a Class C felony, for the death of Grimes; one count of Reckless Homicide, as a Class C felony, for the death of Ms. Hamilton; and one count of Criminal Recklessness, as a Class D felony, for the serious injury to Mr. Hamilton.

Pursuant to the State's recommendations, Lockhart was sentenced to eight years executed for operating a vehicle resulting in death; seven years for reckless homicide, with three years executed and four years suspended; and three years executed for criminal recklessness. The recommendation also provided that the sentences for reckless homicide and criminal recklessness would run concurrently with each other but consee-utive to the sentence for operating a vehicle resulting in death. Thus, Lockhart was sentenced to fifteen years, with eleven years executed and four years suspended, and to four years probation.

Lockhart filed his petition for post-conviction relief on April 16, 1992, and contended that the sentencing court violated the prohibition against double jeopardy when it imposed consecutive sentences for his convie-tions. After a hearing held on April 15, 1998, the post-conviction court denied Lockhart's petition. We will state additional facts where necessary.

DISCUSSION AND DECISION

Standard of Review

The purpose of a petition for post-conviction relief is to raise issues unknown or unavailable to a defendant at the time of the original trial and appeal. Grey v. State (1990), Ind., 553 N.E.2d 1196, 1197. "Thus, post-conviction relief is not a 'super-appeal' which allows the rehashing of prior proceedings regardless of the circumstances surrounding them." Collier v. State (1991), Ind.App., 572 N.E.2d 1299, 1301, trans. denied. The petitioner must establish the grounds for relief by a preponderance of the evidence. Ind. Post-Conviection Rule 1 § 5; St. John v. State (1988), Ind.App., 529 N.E.2d 371, 374, trans. denied. To prevail on appeal from the denial of his petition, the petitioner must show that the evidence is without conflict and leads only to a conclusion opposite that reached by the post-conviction court. Id. Therefore, we must examine Lockhart's allegation of error in light of that standard.

*376 Consecutive Sentences

Lockhart contends the sentencing court's order imposing consecutive sentences for three convictions resulting from his accident violates the prohibition against double jeopardy. Specifically, Lockhart maintains that his intoxication was the predicate act resulting in the deaths of Ms. Hamilton and her son, Grimes, and in Mr. Hamilton's serious bodily injuries. He argues that the same element was used to support his convictions of operating a vehicle resulting in death, reckless homicide, and criminal recklessness, respectively. Thus, Lockhart reasons, the order of consecutive sentences punishes him twice for the same offense. We disagree.

Lockhart asserts that our decisions in Kelty v. State (1988), Ind.App., 527 N.E.2d 1148, aff'd, 539 N.E.2d 25, and Walker v. State (1991), Ind.App., 582 N.E.2d 877, are factually identical to his case and support his claim that the imposition of consecutive sentences on two separate convictions for alcohol-related deaths violates the double jeopardy clause. Lockhart's reliance on those decisions is misplaced.

Both Kelly and Walker involved multiple convictions and sentences for operating while intoxicated resulting in death and operating a vehicle with a blood alcohol content of more than 0.10 percent resulting in death, which we held was improper and required reversal. However, neither case involved convictions for reckless homicide. The State concedes that under cireumstances. such as those in Kelly and Walker, "multiple convictions ... normally must be vacated because multiple resulting injuries under the DWI [OWI] statutes do not increase the number of crimes, only the severity of the penalty." See Brief of Appellee at 7. Here, Lockhart pled guilty to operating a vehicle resulting in death and reckless homicide, not two offenses under the OWI statutes.

A conviction for reckless homicide must be treated differently. In Kelly, we recognized that difference when we stated:

"In crimes such as murder, manslaughter, battery and reckless homicide, the gravamen of the offense is causing the death or injury of another person, ie., the result is part of the definition of the crime. Thus, in these offenses where several deaths or injuries occur in the course of a single incident, the offense prohibited by statute has been violated several times over. The separate victims represent different offenses because conduct has been directed at each particular victim."

Kelly, 527 N.E.2d at 1155 (emphases added). Similarly, in Marshall v. State (1990), Ind.App., 563 N.E.2d 1341, trans. denied, a case directly on point, we reaffirmed that a defendant could be convicted and sentenced on separate counts of operating a vehicle resulting in death and reckless homicide "if not based upon the death of a single individual." Id. at 1348 (emphasis added); see also Drossos v. State (1982), Ind.App., 442 N.E.2d 1, 6, trans. denied; Carter v. State (1981), Ind.App., 424 N.E.2d 1047, 1048. In other words, as long as the victims alleged in the OWI charge and the reckless homicide charge are different, there is no double jeopardy violation.

Here, Lockhart's intoxication caused two deaths. He pled guilty pursuant to a plea agreement to separate charges of operating a vehicle resulting in the death of Grimes and to the reckless homicide of Ms. Hamilton, as well as to the charge of criminal recklessness against Mr. Hamilton. Lockhart's sentences for both convictions resulting from the deaths of Grimes and Ms. Hamilton must stand because the convictions involved different victims and different crimes.

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Bluebook (online)
632 N.E.2d 374, 1994 Ind. App. LEXIS 380, 1994 WL 117237, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lockhart-v-state-indctapp-1994.