Light v. Allstate Insurance

182 F.R.D. 210, 42 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 93, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 13688, 1998 WL 565936
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. West Virginia
DecidedSeptember 1, 1998
DocketNo. Civ.A. 5:95-0090
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 182 F.R.D. 210 (Light v. Allstate Insurance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. West Virginia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Light v. Allstate Insurance, 182 F.R.D. 210, 42 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 93, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 13688, 1998 WL 565936 (S.D.W. Va. 1998).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

HALLANAN, Senior District Judge.

Currently pending before the Court is the Motion of Allstate Insurance Company for Reconsideration and Renewed Motion for Bifurcation and Stay. Having reviewed said motion, as well as all memoranda and supplemental memoranda, both in support and opposition, as well as all relevant case law, the Court is now prepared to issue its ruling.

Statement of Facts

On January 27, 1993, a motor vehicle operated by Ira Light was struck head on by a motor vehicle owned by Juanita Keller and driven by her son, Shawn Keller. The Kel-lers were “at fault” for the accident. As a result of the collision, both Ira and her husband Nila Light, who was a passenger, sustained serious injuries. At the time of the accident, the Lights had a motor vehicle insurance policy with Allstate which included underinsured motorist coverage in the amount of $100,000. The Kellers were insured by State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company (hereinafter State Farm).

On July 7, 1993, the Lights negotiated a settlement with State Farm for the full policy limit of $100,000. The Lights then executed a release discharging the Kellers from any further claims arising out of the accident. Subsequently, the Lights notified Allstate of the settlement. Thereafter, the Lights submitted a claim to Allstate for their underin-sured motorist coverage, as Mrs. Light’s damages exceeded the amount recovered from State Farm. Allstate refused to pay the underinsured motorist coverage, alleging it had not consented to the Lights’ settlement with State Farm.

The underinsured motorist provision contained in the Allstate policy included the following exclusion: “Allstate will not pay any damages an insured person is legally entitled to recover because of ... bodily injury or property damage to any person if that person or that person’s legal represen[211]*211tative makes a settlement without our written consent.” The policy further stated: “When we pay, an insured person’s rights of recovery from anyone else becomes ours up to the amount we have paid.” The Lights contend they notified Allstate of their intent to settle with State Farm and were not informed they needed Allstate’s consent to do so. The Lights further contend that after having been alerted to their settlement plans Allstate never attempted to intervene. In response, Allstate maintains that it was unaware of any forthcoming settlement between the Lights and State Farm.

' As a result of Allstate’s failure to pay tira uninsured motorist claim, the Lights filed ; complaint alleging breach of contract by Mí-state. In addition, the Lights also brought i claim against Allstate for unfair settlement practices pursuant to W.Va.Code § 33 — 11— 4(9) (1985).

Allstate, however, asserts it was the Lights who breached the policy by settling with State Farm without Allstate’s consent. In addition, Allstate has asserted that in the event it were to pay underinsured motorist benefits, the settlement and release executed by the Lights prejudiced Allstate’s subrogation rights against the Kellers. Therefore, Allstate contends that the Lights are not entitled to the underinsured motorist coverage.

In contrast, the Lights assert that even had they committed breach, said breach was inconsequential because they were never advised by Allstate of the eonsent-to-settle provision in their policy. The Lights further contend that Allstate’s subrogation rights were not prejudiced by the settlement and release as the Kellers were apparently “judgment proof.” Therefore, the Lights assert that they are entitled to underinsured motorist coverage under their policy.

Procedural History

On or about October 3, 1995, Allstate filed its original motion seeking bifurcation of the Lights’ contract and unfair settlement practices claims. The Court, finding the principles of mandatory bifurcation espoused in State ex rel. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. v. Madden, 192 W.Va. 155, 451 S.E.2d 721 (1994), inapplicable to the action at bar, denied said motion by order entered November 7,1995.

Subsequent to this Court’s initial ruling on Allstate’s motion to bifurcate, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit was presented the opportunity to address the issue raised by said motion. In Maher v. Continental Casualty Co., 76 F.3d 535 (4th Cir.1996), the court was confronted with a situation wherein the plaintiff had brought both a first-party claim for breach of contract and a claim alleging violation of the West Virginia Unfair Claims Settlement Practices Act together in the same action. Upon review, the Fourth Circuit concluded that Madden required the claims be bifurcated.

The Fourth Circuit declared that “[a]l-though the underlying claim in the instant case ... is a “first-party” action by Maher against his own insurer instead of a third-party action by an outside claimant, the sweeping, unequivocal language used in Madden convinces us that it would apply with equal force here.” Maher, 76 F.3d at 544. However, as the Fourth Circuit was merely postulating as to the probable ruling of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia (hereinafter Supreme Court of Appeals) if and when faced with a analogous factual scenario, this Court was concerned over the possibility of conflict between the courts. Accordingly, to ensure that the Fourth Circuit had not perhaps misinterpreted a novel point of West Virginia law, and to more importantly afford the Supreme Court of Appeals the opportunity to issue a definitive ruling, this Court ordered that Allstate’s motion be stayed pending resolution of a certified question to the state’s highest court.

Mandatory Bifurcation and the Certifíed Question

After reviewing the parties proposed questions for certification, this Court, on July 2, 1997, certified the following question to the Supreme Court of Appeals:

In a case in which the plaintiffs assert an insurance contract claim for first-party un-derinsured motorist benefits, and a “bad [212]*212faith” claim pursuant to the Unfair Claims Settlement Practices Act arising out of the contract claim, is it mandatory, under State ex rel. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. v. Madden, 192 W.Va. 155, 451 S.E.2d 721 (1994), for the trial court to bifurcate the claims and stay the “bad faith” claim pending resolution of the contract claim?

However, in an effort to more clearly address the issues presented, the Supreme Court of Appeals modified the question as follows:

In a case in which the plaintiffs assert an insurance contract claim for first-party un-derinsured motorist benefits, and a “bad faith” claim pursuant to the Unfair Claims Settlement Practices Act arising out of the contract claim, is it mandatory, under State ex rel. State Farm Fire & Casualty Co. v. Madden, 192 W.Va. 155, 451 S.E.2d 721

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182 F.R.D. 210, 42 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 93, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 13688, 1998 WL 565936, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/light-v-allstate-insurance-wvsd-1998.