Lancaster Estate v. Williamson County Bank

664 S.W.2d 294, 38 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 254, 1983 Tenn. App. LEXIS 654
CourtCourt of Appeals of Tennessee
DecidedOctober 21, 1983
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 664 S.W.2d 294 (Lancaster Estate v. Williamson County Bank) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Tennessee primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lancaster Estate v. Williamson County Bank, 664 S.W.2d 294, 38 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 254, 1983 Tenn. App. LEXIS 654 (Tenn. Ct. App. 1983).

Opinion

OPINION

CONNER, Judge.

This is an appeal of a probate court’s denial of a claim against appellee, the estate of Fred Lancaster, on a promissory note held by appellant, Williamson County Bank.1 The probate court sustained the estate’s exception to the claim based on the contention that the bank allowed credit life insurance issued in connection with the note to terminate without informing the insured.

The facts, for the most part, are undisputed. The promissory note was executed May 9, 1980, by Fred Lancaster, a regular customer of the bank for many years, in the amount of $20,589.21. The note represent ed a secured obligation that had been periodically renewed since November of 1976. The latest renewal extended the maturity date by thirty days, until June 8, 1980.

In executing the May 9, 1980, renewal note, Mr. Lancaster indicated that he desired credit life insurance. Such insurance was purchased by the bank through the Cherokee National Life Insurance Company for a term of one month, beginning May 13, 1980, the day the note was actually received by the bank, and terminating June 12,1980. A certificate of insurance, indicating the one-month term, was issued by the bank.

The normal procedure followed by the bank was to mail the customer a notice one week in advance of an upcoming maturity date, advising that the note was about to become due. A second notice was routinely sent on the day following maturity. These notices did not mention credit life insurance renewal. This procedure was apparently followed in this case, but no action was taken by Mr. Lancaster regarding the note prior to the June 8 due date or the June 12 insurance termination.

[295]*295At some point after the maturity date, Michael M. Williams, a bank loan officer, was told that “the note would not be handled for a few days” and he was asked “if we would just park on that, to not send any further notices, that Mr. Lancaster is aware that the note is due and he would get by in a week or so.” Mr. Williams could not recall whether this message came directly to him from a Lancaster family member or through another bank official.

Mr. Lancaster was ill during this period of time and was subsequently hospitalized on June 28,1980. The record indicates that bank officials were aware of his illness and were willing to cooperate with the family, withholding any action on the note pending Mr. Lancaster’s recovery.

One of Fred Lancaster’s brothers, Clyde, via classic hearsay, but without objection, testified that another brother, Raymond, who worked at the bank, talked with bank chairman Fuller Arnold and bank president George Bivens and was told “that they’d take care of it” until Mr. Lancaster could come in. Sheila Gordon, one of Mr. Lancaster’s daughters, testified that Raymond Lancaster said “everything would be put on hold until Daddy could come in and see about it.” Mrs. Gordon also testified that Mr. Bivens recalled to her after her father’s death that “he did remember Raymond coming by and sticking his head in the door and talking to them ... and he [Mr. Bivens] told him it would be all right to just put it on hold .... ” Another daughter, Anita Dial, said she was present when her father telephoned the bank to explain that he had been sick and she heard Mr. Lancaster tell Mr. Williams that “soon as I get able I’ll be in the bank and take care of my note.”

Mr. Lancaster never recovered from his illness, cirrhosis of the liver, and died on July 19, 1980. Mr. Lancaster’s estate was thereafter admitted to probate, and the bank filed a claim based on the note. The original $20,589.21 figure was then reduced by $2,923.45 due to credits from excess life insurance proceeds from other notes held by the bank. An exception to the remaining amount was filed by the estate on the basis that the bank had allowed the insurance on the note to lapse without informing Mr. Lancaster and allowing him the opportunity to keep the insurance in force or obtain another policy. The probate court sustained the exception, denied the claim and thereby discharged the obligation on the note. This appeal timely followed.

The only issue before us is whether the probate court erred in sustaining the exception on the grounds stated, given the evidence just outlined.

At the outset, we have serious reservations as to whether an unconditional promissory note can be discharged simply based on the contention, even if proved, that the lender failed to procure credit life insurance as promised or neglected to notify a borrower of the pending termination of such insurance. This certainly does not appear to be among the grounds stated in the Uniform Commercial Code for discharge on a note. See T.C.A. § 47-3-601.

Although we find no cases precisely on point in this state, the Georgia Court of Appeals, dealing with a similar situation, held that a bank’s failure to carry out its agreement to procure credit life insurance did not relieve the obligor of liability on a note. Dekalb County Bank v. Haldi, 146 Ga.App. 257, 246 S.E.2d 116 (1978). In De-kalb County Bank, as in this case, a party obligated on a note was attempting to use the bank’s inaction essentially as a defense to liability and as a basis for discharge.2 (The Georgia court did not reach the issue of “whether the appellant’s failure to ob[296]*296tain the credit insurance subjected it to liability to the maker’s estate.” 246 S.E.2d at 117.)

In each of the cases relied upon by the estate in support of the probate court’s decision, the insured was not claiming discharge on the subject note but rather had sued the lender or insurer for breach of contract, misrepresentation, fraud or negligence. See Ezell v. Associates Capital Corp., 518 S.W.2d 232 (Tenn.1974); Nold v. Selmer Bank & Trust Co., 558 S.W.2d 442 (Tenn.App.1977). The bank makes a convincing argument that the relief sought by the estate is of a type more appropriately brought before the court by a counterclaim or separate action sounding in contract or tort, not by way of a defense or probate exception claiming discharge of liability on the note.

Even if we assume, arguendo, that this case was in the proper posture for determination, we must reverse the finding below based on existing authority and the evidence in the record. Generally, where the term of insurance is revealed in the policy, neither the insurer nor its agent is required to notify the insured of the expiration date absent a statutory duty or an express or implied agreement to provide such notice. See Mills v. National Life Insurance Co., 136 Tenn. 350, 189 S.W. 691 (1916); Nold, 558 S.W.2d 442. Although the estate argues the existence of an implied contract on the part of the bank to keep the insurance in effect, the proof is insufficient to support such a conclusion.

The Nold decision provides the perfect counterpoint to the instant case. In Nold,

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Bluebook (online)
664 S.W.2d 294, 38 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. (West) 254, 1983 Tenn. App. LEXIS 654, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lancaster-estate-v-williamson-county-bank-tennctapp-1983.