FILED Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before Nov 15 2012, 8:39 am any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, CLERK collateral estoppel, or the law of the case. of the supreme court, court of appeals and tax court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
F. SCOTT STUARD GREGORY F. ZOELLER Frankfort, Indiana Attorney General of Indiana
ERIC P. BABBS Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
KURT E. HINKLE, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 12A05-1204-CR-199 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE CLINTON CIRCUIT COURT The Honorable Kathy R. Smith, Senior Judge Cause No. 12C01-1008-FB-162
November 15, 2012
MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION
BRADFORD, Judge During the summer of 2008, Kurt Hinkle began engaging in a sexual relationship with
K.G., who, at the time, was fifteen years old. Once this relationship commenced, Hinkle and
K.G. engaged in sexual intercourse two or three times a week. Hinkle and K.G.’s
relationship continued after K.G. turned sixteen and ultimately resulted in the birth of a child.
In August of 2010, the State charged Hinkle with two counts of Class B felony sexual
misconduct with a minor. During trial, the trial court admitted evidence of Hinkle and K.G.’s
continuing relationship after K.G. turned sixteen. The trial court instructed the jury that it
could only consider the evidence as evidence of Hinkle and K.G.’s relationship, not as
evidence of any wrongdoing by Hinkle. Following trial, the jury found Hinkle guilty of both
counts of Class B felony sexual misconduct with a minor. On appeal, Hinkle contends that
the trial court abused its discretion in admitting evidence of his continuing sexual
relationship with K.G. Concluding that the admission of the evidence, even if erroneous, was
harmless, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
K.G. was born on October 23, 1992. Hinkle was born on August 20, 1963. K.G. was
fifteen years old during the summer of 2008, and was working her first job detasseling corn.
Each morning, a bus would pick K.G. and her co-workers up at the convenience store where
Hinkle worked. K.G. became familiar with Hinkle when she purchased chocolate donuts
from the convenience store each morning while waiting for the bus. At some point, Hinkle,
who was running for Clinton County Surveyor, gave K.G. a campaign button and asked K.G.
to work on his campaign. K.G. agreed and soon after began attending campaign functions
2 with Hinkle and his wife.
One day in late July or early August of 2008, K.G. went to the home Hinkle shared
with his wife following a campaign event. While at the home, Hinkle took K.G. on a tour of
the property. Hinkle led K.G. into a shed, grabbed K.G., and kissed her, putting his tongue in
K.G.’s mouth. Hinkle then took K.G.’s shorts and underwear off, turned her around, and
placed his penis in K.G.’s vagina. K.G. “didn’t know what to think” so she “just kind of
…went along with it.” Tr. pp. 108-09. Hinkle stopped before completion.
Later that evening, Hinkle drove K.G. home following another campaign event.
While driving along a “narrow country road in the middle of nowhere,” Hinkle suddenly
stopped the vehicle. Tr. p. 116. Hinkle instructed K.G. to come over to the driver’s seat,
“laid [her] down across the passenger seat,” and took her pants and underwear off. Tr. p.
116. Hinkle then engaged in sexual intercourse with K.G. Hinkle continued to engage in
sexual intercourse with K.G. throughout the late summer and early fall of 2008. During this
time, Hinkle and K.G. engaged in sexual intercourse “two or three times a week.” Tr. p. 119.
K.G. testified that she engaged in sexual conduct with Hinkle “[c]ause he was nice to me.”
Tr. p. 119.
On August 10, 2010, the State charged Hinkle with two counts of Class B felony
sexual misconduct with a minor.1 December 7, 2011, Hinkle filed a Motion in Limine
concerning evidence of certain other alleged misconduct by Hinkle, i.e., evidence of a
continuing relationship between Hinkle and K.G. after K.G. turned sixteen. On December
1 Ind. Code § 35-42-4-9(a)(1) (2008). 3 19, 2011, the State requested, and was subsequently granted, permission to amend the
charging information to include Count III, Class D felony performance before a minor that is
harmful to minors.2 Hinkle subsequently filed a motion to sever Count III from the first two
counts as well as multiple motions to dismiss Count III. Following a hearing, the trial court
denied each of Hinkle’s pending motions. The State subsequently moved to dismiss Count
III.
Following a two-day trial on February 28 and 29, 2012, the jury found Hinkle guilty of
both counts of Class B felony sexual misconduct with a minor. On March 12, 2012, the trial
court sentenced Hinkle to an aggregate eleven-year sentence, with nine of the eleven years
executed in the Department of Correction and the remaining two years suspended to
probation. This appeal follows.
DISCUSSION AND DECISION
Hinkle contends that the trial court abused its discretion in admitting evidence at trial
of his continuing relationship with K.G. after she turned sixteen, in violation of Indiana
Evidence Rule 404(b).
We review a trial court’s decision to admit or exclude evidence for an abuse of discretion. Iqbal v. State, 805 N.E.2d 401, 406 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004). An abuse of discretion occurs if a trial court’s decision is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances before the court. Id. However, the improper admission of evidence is harmless error when the conviction is supported by substantial independent evidence of guilt sufficient to satisfy the reviewing court that there is no substantial likelihood that the questioned evidence contributed to the conviction. Hernandez v. State, 785 N.E.2d 294, 300 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003), trans. denied.
2 Ind. Code § 35-49-3-3(a)(4) (2008). 4 Ware v. State, 816 N.E.2d 1167, 1175 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004).
Indiana Evidence Rule 404(b) provides that although evidence of other crimes,
wrongs, or acts is not admissible to prove the character of a person in order to show action in
conformity therewith, it may be admissible for other purposes, such as proof of motive,
intent, preparation, plan, knowledge, identity, or absence of mistake or accident. Rule 404(b)
“is designed to prevent the jury from assessing a defendant’s present guilty on the basis of his
past propensities, the so called ‘forbidden inference.’” Hicks v. State, 690 N.E.2d 215, 219
(Ind. 1997). Evidence is excluded under Rule 404(b) “only when it is introduced to prove the
‘forbidden inference’ of demonstrating the defendant’s propensity to commit the charged
crime.” Herrera v. State, 710 N.E.2d 931, 935 (Ind. Ct. App. 1999).
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
FILED Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before Nov 15 2012, 8:39 am any court except for the purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata, CLERK collateral estoppel, or the law of the case. of the supreme court, court of appeals and tax court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
F. SCOTT STUARD GREGORY F. ZOELLER Frankfort, Indiana Attorney General of Indiana
ERIC P. BABBS Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
KURT E. HINKLE, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 12A05-1204-CR-199 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE CLINTON CIRCUIT COURT The Honorable Kathy R. Smith, Senior Judge Cause No. 12C01-1008-FB-162
November 15, 2012
MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION
BRADFORD, Judge During the summer of 2008, Kurt Hinkle began engaging in a sexual relationship with
K.G., who, at the time, was fifteen years old. Once this relationship commenced, Hinkle and
K.G. engaged in sexual intercourse two or three times a week. Hinkle and K.G.’s
relationship continued after K.G. turned sixteen and ultimately resulted in the birth of a child.
In August of 2010, the State charged Hinkle with two counts of Class B felony sexual
misconduct with a minor. During trial, the trial court admitted evidence of Hinkle and K.G.’s
continuing relationship after K.G. turned sixteen. The trial court instructed the jury that it
could only consider the evidence as evidence of Hinkle and K.G.’s relationship, not as
evidence of any wrongdoing by Hinkle. Following trial, the jury found Hinkle guilty of both
counts of Class B felony sexual misconduct with a minor. On appeal, Hinkle contends that
the trial court abused its discretion in admitting evidence of his continuing sexual
relationship with K.G. Concluding that the admission of the evidence, even if erroneous, was
harmless, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
K.G. was born on October 23, 1992. Hinkle was born on August 20, 1963. K.G. was
fifteen years old during the summer of 2008, and was working her first job detasseling corn.
Each morning, a bus would pick K.G. and her co-workers up at the convenience store where
Hinkle worked. K.G. became familiar with Hinkle when she purchased chocolate donuts
from the convenience store each morning while waiting for the bus. At some point, Hinkle,
who was running for Clinton County Surveyor, gave K.G. a campaign button and asked K.G.
to work on his campaign. K.G. agreed and soon after began attending campaign functions
2 with Hinkle and his wife.
One day in late July or early August of 2008, K.G. went to the home Hinkle shared
with his wife following a campaign event. While at the home, Hinkle took K.G. on a tour of
the property. Hinkle led K.G. into a shed, grabbed K.G., and kissed her, putting his tongue in
K.G.’s mouth. Hinkle then took K.G.’s shorts and underwear off, turned her around, and
placed his penis in K.G.’s vagina. K.G. “didn’t know what to think” so she “just kind of
…went along with it.” Tr. pp. 108-09. Hinkle stopped before completion.
Later that evening, Hinkle drove K.G. home following another campaign event.
While driving along a “narrow country road in the middle of nowhere,” Hinkle suddenly
stopped the vehicle. Tr. p. 116. Hinkle instructed K.G. to come over to the driver’s seat,
“laid [her] down across the passenger seat,” and took her pants and underwear off. Tr. p.
116. Hinkle then engaged in sexual intercourse with K.G. Hinkle continued to engage in
sexual intercourse with K.G. throughout the late summer and early fall of 2008. During this
time, Hinkle and K.G. engaged in sexual intercourse “two or three times a week.” Tr. p. 119.
K.G. testified that she engaged in sexual conduct with Hinkle “[c]ause he was nice to me.”
Tr. p. 119.
On August 10, 2010, the State charged Hinkle with two counts of Class B felony
sexual misconduct with a minor.1 December 7, 2011, Hinkle filed a Motion in Limine
concerning evidence of certain other alleged misconduct by Hinkle, i.e., evidence of a
continuing relationship between Hinkle and K.G. after K.G. turned sixteen. On December
1 Ind. Code § 35-42-4-9(a)(1) (2008). 3 19, 2011, the State requested, and was subsequently granted, permission to amend the
charging information to include Count III, Class D felony performance before a minor that is
harmful to minors.2 Hinkle subsequently filed a motion to sever Count III from the first two
counts as well as multiple motions to dismiss Count III. Following a hearing, the trial court
denied each of Hinkle’s pending motions. The State subsequently moved to dismiss Count
III.
Following a two-day trial on February 28 and 29, 2012, the jury found Hinkle guilty of
both counts of Class B felony sexual misconduct with a minor. On March 12, 2012, the trial
court sentenced Hinkle to an aggregate eleven-year sentence, with nine of the eleven years
executed in the Department of Correction and the remaining two years suspended to
probation. This appeal follows.
DISCUSSION AND DECISION
Hinkle contends that the trial court abused its discretion in admitting evidence at trial
of his continuing relationship with K.G. after she turned sixteen, in violation of Indiana
Evidence Rule 404(b).
We review a trial court’s decision to admit or exclude evidence for an abuse of discretion. Iqbal v. State, 805 N.E.2d 401, 406 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004). An abuse of discretion occurs if a trial court’s decision is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances before the court. Id. However, the improper admission of evidence is harmless error when the conviction is supported by substantial independent evidence of guilt sufficient to satisfy the reviewing court that there is no substantial likelihood that the questioned evidence contributed to the conviction. Hernandez v. State, 785 N.E.2d 294, 300 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003), trans. denied.
2 Ind. Code § 35-49-3-3(a)(4) (2008). 4 Ware v. State, 816 N.E.2d 1167, 1175 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004).
Indiana Evidence Rule 404(b) provides that although evidence of other crimes,
wrongs, or acts is not admissible to prove the character of a person in order to show action in
conformity therewith, it may be admissible for other purposes, such as proof of motive,
intent, preparation, plan, knowledge, identity, or absence of mistake or accident. Rule 404(b)
“is designed to prevent the jury from assessing a defendant’s present guilty on the basis of his
past propensities, the so called ‘forbidden inference.’” Hicks v. State, 690 N.E.2d 215, 219
(Ind. 1997). Evidence is excluded under Rule 404(b) “only when it is introduced to prove the
‘forbidden inference’ of demonstrating the defendant’s propensity to commit the charged
crime.” Herrera v. State, 710 N.E.2d 931, 935 (Ind. Ct. App. 1999).
Furthermore, the Indiana Supreme Court has held that “[o]ur analysis of admissibility
under Rule 404(b) necessarily incorporates the relevancy test of [Indiana Evidence] Rule 401
and the balancing test of [Indiana Evidence] Rule 403.” Sanders v. State, 704 N.E.2d 119,
123 (Ind. 1999) (citing Hicks, 690 N.E.2d at 221). Thus, in admitting evidence of other
crimes, wrongs, or acts, the trial court must first determine that the evidence is relevant to a
matter at issue other than the defendant’s propensity to commit the charged act. Id. (citing
Hicks, 690 N.E.2d at 221). “Relevance is broadly defined as probative value, and the trial
court has wide discretion in ruling on the relevance of proffered evidence.” Id. at 124 (citing
Hicks, 690 N.E.2d at 220). If the trial court determines that the evidence is relevant, it must
then balance the probative value of the evidence against its prejudicial effect pursuant to
Rule 403. Id. at 123 (citing Hicks, 690 N.E.2d at 221).
5 In the instant matter, Hinkle argues that the evidence of his continuing relationship
with K.G. after K.G. turned sixteen was inadmissible under Rule 404(b) because it was
introduced solely to prove that he had the propensity to engage in a sexual relationship with a
minor. For its part, the State argues that the evidence was admissible because it was not
introduced to prove that Hinkle had the propensity to engage in criminal conduct, but rather
to show the ongoing nature of Hinkle and K.G.’s relationship. In support, the State points
out that the trial court instructed the jury that the evidence was admitted for the sole purpose
of showing the relationship between Hinkle and K.G. and “should be considered only for that
limited purpose.” Tr. p. 359. The State claims that the evidence of the continuing
relationship between Hinkle and K.G. was relevant to show that Hinkle and K.G.’s
relationship “was characterized by Hinkle’s sexual interest in K.G. and that Hinkle was not
an innocent friend.” Appellee’s Br. p. 8.
Without deciding whether the evidence of Hinkle and K.G.’s continuing relationship
was relevant under Rule 401, we conclude that the admission of the evidence was, at most,
harmless. Again, “the improper admission of evidence is harmless error when the
defendant’s conviction is supported by substantial independent evidence of guilt sufficient to
satisfy the reviewing court that there is no substantial likelihood that the questioned evidence
contributed to the conviction.” Ware, 816 N.E.2d at 1175 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004) (citing
Hernandez, 785 N.E.2d at 300). The record here demonstrates that Hinkle’s convictions are
indeed supported by substantial independent evidence of guilt.
K.G. provided unequivocal testimony regarding her sexual encounters with Hinkle
6 during the late-summer and early-fall of 2008, including sexual intercourse in a shed on
Hinkle’s property and in Hinkle’s car along a country road. These sexual encounters
occurred when K.G. was fifteen years old. K.G. further testified that after the above-
mentioned sexual encounters but prior to her sixteenth birthday, she and Hinkle engaged in
sexual intercourse two or three times a week. Upon review, we are satisfied that, in light of
K.G.’s unequivocal testimony regarding her sexual encounters with Hinkle which occurred
before she turned sixteen, there is no substantial likelihood that the evidence of Hinkle’s
relationship with K.G. after she reached the age of sixteen contributed to Hinkle’s conviction.
As such, the admission of the challenged evidence, to the extent improper, was harmless. See
Ware, 816 N.E.2d at 1175.
The judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
ROBB, C.J., and BAKER, J., concur.