Kristin Taylor v. Arkansas Department of Human Services and Minor Children

2021 Ark. App. 203

• Court: Court of Appeals of Arkansas
• Decided: May 5, 2021
• Status: Published

Opinion

Cite as 2021 Ark. App. 203 Elizabeth Perry ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document DIVISION I No. CV-20-716 2023.06.27 11:49:09 -05'00' 2023.001.20174 Opinion Delivered May 5, 2021

KRISTIN TAYLOR APPEAL FROM THE GARLAND APPELLANT COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT [NO. 26JV-18-302] V. HONORABLE LYNN WILLIAMS, ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF JUDGE HUMAN SERVICES AND MINOR CHILDREN APPELLEES AFFIRMED; MOTION TO WITHDRAW GRANTED

BRANDON J. HARRISON, Chief Judge

Kristin Taylor appeals a Garland County Circuit Court order terminating her

parental rights to her children, BT, MT, NT, and PT. (The order also terminated the

parental rights of the children’s father, but he is not a party to this appeal.) Taylor’s counsel

has filed a no-merit brief and motion to withdraw as counsel pursuant to Linker-Flores v.

Arkansas Department of Human Services, 359 Ark. 131, 194 S.W.3d 739 (2004), and Ark. Sup.

Ct. R. 6-9(i) (2020). The clerk of this court delivered a copy of counsel’s brief and motion

to withdraw to Taylor at her address of record, advising her of her right to file pro se points

for reversal pursuant to Ark. Sup. Ct. R. 6-9(j)(3), but the packet was returned marked

Return to Sender/Unable to Forward. We affirm the circuit court’s order and grant

counsel’s motion to withdraw.

1 The Arkansas Department of Human Services (DHS) began receiving hotline calls

on this family in June 2015. In March 2016, DHS made a true finding of inadequate

supervision and opened a dependency-neglect case from March 2016 to February 2017.

BT, MT, and later, NT resided in foster care during that time and returned to their father’s

custody in February 2017. On Friday, 28 September 2018, DHS visited the family’s home

after receiving reports of environmental neglect and inadequate food. Five-year-old BT

and four-year-old MT both reported that they felt safe at home, had plenty to eat, and took

a bath every day. However, the children were wearing dirty clothes, appeared not to have

bathed in a few days, and had on mismatched shoes that were for the same foot. Two-year-

old NT was dressed in only a soggy diaper. All three children had multiple bug bites; BT

said there were bugs in his bed that bite him while he is sleeping. Four-month-old PT

appeared to not have been bathed in several days.

Taylor told DHS workers that she had just been released from the hospital after

suffering a mental breakdown. She admitted using methamphetamine on Tuesday of that

week and tested positive for amphetamines, methamphetamines, buprenorphine, and

benzodiazepines. Taylor said it would be okay for DHS to remove the children from the

home “because she thinks it might be best for them at this time, but only if she gets them

back.” DHS workers told the parents to work together over the weekend to get the house

clean and that the situation would be reassessed on Monday.

On Sunday morning, however, DHS received a report that Taylor had left the home

with PT, leaving the father to take care of the rest of the children. The father reported that

he could not take care of the children and asked DHS to take them. DHS took the three

2 children, contacted Taylor, and asked her to come to the DHS office as soon as possible.

When Taylor finally arrived the next day, PT was also taken into DHS custody.

The circuit court granted emergency custody of the children and later adjudicated

them dependent-neglected based on “parental unfitness, environmental neglect[,] and

inadequate supervision due to the parent’s emotional instability and abuse of illegal

substances.” The court reviewed the case in February 2019 and found Taylor continued to

test positive for multiple illegal substances. Three months later, the court found that Taylor

“continue[d] to be mentally unstable having relapsed in regard to her drug usage in late

February and had two psychiatric hospital stays this review period.”

The court entered a permanency-planning order in September 2019 and placed the

children in the temporary custody of their father. The court found that the goal of the case

should be permanent custodial placement with the father, as he had been complying with

the case plan and making significant, measurable progress. In contrast, the court found that

Taylor had “not made significant and measurable progress” and had “not worked diligently”

toward reunification. The court reviewed the case in December 2019 and again found that

Taylor had not demonstrated progress.

In February 2020, DHS removed the children from the father’s custody after he

relapsed on his methamphetamine use. The father had been gone for several days and left

the children in Taylor’s care; DHS workers observed that Taylor appeared to be under the

influence and mentally unstable. Taylor tested positive for buprenorphine and

benzodiazepine. The circuit court reviewed the case and found:

The mother has not complied with the case plan and the orders of the Court. Specifically, she has not completed drug treatment; she had no 3 visitation with the children for many weeks; she had not contacted the Department in many weeks; she has not participated in individual counseling or parenting classes; she’s not maintained sobriety or emotional stability for any length of time. She now finds herself in the Garland County Detention Facility facing new drug possession charges.

In May 2020, the circuit court changed the goal of the case to authorizing a plan for

adoption with DHS filing a petition for termination of parental rights. It found that while

the parents had begun complying with the case plan, it could not expect that placement of

the children with either parent could occur within a time frame consistent with the

children’s developmental needs.

On 8 July 2020, DHS petitioned to terminate parental rights citing statutory grounds

of failure to remedy cause of removal, failure to provide significant material support, failure

to maintain meaningful contact, failure to remedy subsequent factors, and subjecting the

children to aggravated circumstances. See Ark. Code Ann. § 9-27-341(b)(3)(B)(i)(a), (ii)(a),

(vii) & (ix)(a)(3)(A) (Repl. 2020). The circuit court convened a hearing, at which Cindy

Stroud, a DHS supervisor, recounted the history of events throughout the case. Stroud

opined that neither parent had made measurable progress, nor were the parents in a position

to provide stability and safety for the children. Katelynn Cottrell, an adoption specialist,

testified that she ran a data match on the four children that resulted in fifty-three potential

adoptive homes. She said she considered the children adoptable and expected to find a

forever home for them.

Taylor testified that she is currently living in a treatment facility that does not permit

children. She said that she loves her children “more than anything” and that while she had

made some bad choices, she had also had some bad luck. She acknowledged that she does

4 not have adequate housing or a job. She explained that she was working to get her driver’s

license and that she would work with her treatment facility to secure adequate housing.

From the bench, the court found that it was in the best interest of the children to

terminate parental rights. In its written order, the court terminated Taylor’s parental rights

based on all the statutory grounds alleged in the petition. The court found that the children

are adoptable and would be subjected to potential harm if returned to either parent:

[T]he parents continue to abuse illegal drugs; they lack stability and sobriety; they would not be able to provide the supervision necessary to keep the children safe. By their limited participation, the parents have evinced an indifference to [the] well-being of the juveniles; their behavior during this case indicates they would not or could not appropriately care for the juveniles if returned to their care; their lack of effort and interest now speaks to a lack of effort or interest later. It is not in the best interest of the juveniles to be returned to the care of the parents. The facts supporting the grounds for termination of parental rights also demonstrate how the children would be at risk of harm if returned to the parents.

Taylor has timely appealed the circuit court’s order.

A circuit court’s order that terminates parental rights must be based on findings

proved by clear and convincing evidence. Ark. Code Ann. § 9-27-341(b)(3); Dinkins v.

Ark. Dep’t of Hum. Servs., 344 Ark. 207, 40 S.W.3d 286 (2001). Clear and convincing

evidence is proof that will produce in the fact-finder a firm conviction on the allegation

sought to be established. Dinkins, supra. On appeal, we will not reverse the circuit court’s

ruling unless its findings are clearly erroneous. Id. A finding is clearly erroneous when,

although there is evidence to support it, the reviewing court on the entire evidence is left

with a definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made. Id. In determining

whether a finding is clearly erroneous, an appellate court gives due deference to the

opportunity of the circuit court to assess the witnesses’ credibility. Id. Only one ground is 5 necessary to terminate parental rights. Lee v. Ark. Dep’t of Hum. Servs., 102 Ark. App. 337,

285 S.W.3d 277 (2008).

Arkansas Supreme Court Rule 6-9(j)(1)(A) allows counsel for an appellant in a

termination case to file a no-merit petition and motion to withdraw if, after studying the

record and researching the law, counsel determines that the appellant has no meritorious

basis for appeal. The petition must include an argument section that includes all circuit

court rulings that are adverse to the appellant on all objections, motions, and requests made

by the party at the hearing from which the appeal arose and an explanation why each adverse

ruling is not a meritorious ground for reversal. Additionally, the petition’s abstract and

addendum must contain all rulings adverse to the appellant made by the circuit court at the

hearing from which the order on appeal arose. Ark. Sup. Ct. R. 6-9(j)(1)(B). In evaluating

a no-merit brief, the issue for the court is whether the appeal is wholly frivolous or whether

there are any issues of arguable merit for appeal. Linker-Flores, supra.

In her no-merit brief, counsel explains that any challenge to the statutory grounds

for termination of Taylor’s parental rights would be frivolous. Counsel notes that proof of

only one statutory ground for termination is required and argues that, in this case, there was

sufficient evidence to support the aggravated-circumstances ground, which states that

parental rights may be terminated when a court has determined that there is little likelihood

that services to the family will result in successful reunification. See Ark. Code Ann. § 9-

27-341(b)(3)(B)(ix)(a)(3)(A) & (B). Counsel explains that Taylor had been receiving

services since her children had been removed in 2016, and yet at the time of the termination

hearing, she was still not in a position to have the children placed in her custody. Taylor

6 had not completed many of the services ordered by the court and had not shown that she

could care for her children outside of a supervised visit. Counsel contends that no

meritorious argument can be made that the circuit court erred in finding that there was little

likelihood that further services would result in reunification.

With regard to best interest, counsel notes that the adoption specialist’s testimony

provided sufficient evidence that the children are adoptable. Counsel also argues that the

circuit court had sufficient evidence to find potential harm, noting Taylor’s history of overall

instability, lack of compliance, and frequent relapses. Based on this evidence, and the tenet

that past behavior can be a predictor of likely potential harm, counsel contends that the

circuit court did not clearly err in finding that termination is in the children’s best interest.

See Cobb v. Ark. Dep’t of Hum. Servs., 2017 Ark. App. 85, 512 S.W.3d 694 (stating that a

parent’s past behavior is often a good indicator of future behavior).

Out of an abundance of caution, counsel also addresses Taylor’s expressed desire to

reunite with her children, which could be construed as a request for additional time to work

toward reunification. By terminating Taylor’s parental rights, the circuit court denied that

request. Counsel argues that no meritorious argument can be made that the court erred in

denying the request because a child’s need for permanency overrides a parent’s request for

additional time to improve circumstances, and courts will not enforce parental rights to the

detriment of the well-being of the child. McElwee v. Ark. Dep’t of Hum. Servs., 2016 Ark.

App. 214, 489 S.W.3d 704.

We agree that the circuit court did not clearly err in finding that it was in the

children’s best interest for Taylor’s rights to be terminated and that statutory grounds for

7 termination existed. We grant counsel’s motion to withdraw and affirm the termination of

Taylor’s parental rights.

Affirmed; motion to withdraw granted.

ABRAMSON and GRUBER, JJ., agree.

Jennifer Oyler Olson, Arkansas Commission for Parent Counsel, for appellant.

Dana McClain, attorney ad litem for minor children.