Keller v. Board of Trustees

733 P.2d 830, 12 Kan. App. 2d 14, 1987 Kan. App. LEXIS 852
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kansas
DecidedMarch 5, 1987
DocketNo. 59,389
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 733 P.2d 830 (Keller v. Board of Trustees) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kansas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Keller v. Board of Trustees, 733 P.2d 830, 12 Kan. App. 2d 14, 1987 Kan. App. LEXIS 852 (kanctapp 1987).

Opinion

Parks, J.:

Plaintiff, Douglas Keller, a former instructor at Coffeyville Community College, filed an appeal in district court from the action of the Board of Trustees (Board) of that institution upholding the administrative decision to terminate his teaching contract in mid-year. The district court upheld the Board’s decision and plaintiff appeals to this court.

Plaintiff was employed under a series of one-year teaching contracts from 1974 until his termination on March 20, 1984. On that date plaintiff received a letter from the president of Coffeyville Community College informing him that his teaching contract was terminated. The reason stated for the termination was that “you are incapable of performing your duties.” Plaintiff requested a due process hearing pursuant to his rights under K.S.A. 72-5438 and designated one member of the hearing committee. The Board designated a second member of the commit[15]*15tee and these two members chose a third person to serve on the committee. The hearing committee convened, heard testimony, and issued its opinion concluding plaintiff was capable of performing his duties and was terminated unjustly. The committee’s opinion and recommendation that plaintiff be reinstated were submitted to the Board. The Board rejected the opinion of the hearing committee and voted to uphold the decision of the college administration to terminate plaintiffs employment. Plaintiff then appealed this action by the Board to district court.

The Due Process Procedure Act, K.S.A. 72-5436 et seq., describes the rights of a teacher whose contract is nonrenewed or terminated. Upon the request of the teacher, a hearing committee is established to hear evidence and determine whether the board in control of the institution has carried its burden of proving a justification for the termination or nonrenewal. K.S.A. 72-5442. The opinion of the hearing committee is then submitted to the board for final action. K.S.A. 72-5443. If the teacher is dissatisfied with the board’s final decision, he may appeal to the district court pursuant to K.S.A. 1986 Supp. 60-2101(d). The scope of review in the district court is the same as in any administrative appeal and the same scope of review applies in the appellate court. This three-prong standard is oft-stated as follows:

“A district court may not, on appeal, substitute its judgment for that of an administrative tribunal, but is restricted to considering whether, as a matter of law, the tribunal acted fraudulently, arbitrarily or capriciously and whether the order is supported by substantial evidence and within the scope of the tribunal’s authority.” Kelly v. Kansas City, Kansas Community College, 231 Kan. 751, Syl. ¶ 1, 648 P.2d 225 (1982).

In this appeal, plaintiff raises issues bearing on both the sufficiency of the evidence and the authority of the Board. A challenge to the lawfulness of an action raises the issue of whether the action taken was within the authority of the agency. City of Wichita v. Board of Sedgwick County Comm’rs, 232 Kan. 149, 151, 652 P.2d 717 (1982).

During the pendency of the proceeding, K.S.A. 72-5443 (Ensley 1980) was amended to alter the effect of a unanimous hearing committee report. Under the law in effect when the committee was convened, the Board was free to accept or reject the com[16]*16mittee’s opinion regardless of whether it was unanimous. However, on July 1, 1984, after the committee’s opinion was written but before it was considered by the Board, 72-5443 was amended in the following manner:

“(b) If the members of the hearing committee are unanimous in their opinion, the board shall adopt the opinion as its decision in the matter and such decision shall he final, subject to appeal to the district court as provided in K.S.A. 60-2101, and amendments thereto.” L. 1984, ch. 267, § 2.

The district court held the opinion of the hearing committee was unanimous and this holding has not been appealed. However, the court also concluded the Board was not bound by the amendment to 72-5443 and could render a final decision at odds with the hearing committee’s opinion. The court rejected plaintiff s argument that the amendment should apply retroactively, concluding the change in the law was a substantive change in the Board’s rights.

When the plaintiff was advised that the Board was terminating his contract on March 20, his right to a due process hearing accrued. Ordinarily, when a right accrues or proceeding is commenced under a statute which is subsequently repealed, the right is unaffected by the repeal. K.S.A. 1986 Supp. 77-201 First. Thus, plaintiff s due process rights should be controlled by the law in effect when his rights accrued unless the statute which repealed and amended that law may be construed to operate retroactively. The rules regarding retroactivity of a statute are summarized as follows:

“A statute operates prospectively unless its language clearly indicates that the legislature intended that it operate retrospectively. Davis v. Hughes, 229 Kan. 91, 622 P.2d 641 (1981). This rule is normally applied when an amendment to an existing statute or a new statute is enacted which creates a new liability not existing before under the law or which changes the substantive rights of the parties. Nitchals v. Williams, 225 Kan. 285, 590 P.2d 582 (1979).
“While generally statutes will not be construed to give them retrospective application unless it appears that such was the legislative intent, nevertheless when a change of law merely affects the remedy or law of procedure, all rights of action will be enforced under the new procedure without regard to whether they accrued before or after such change of law and without regard to whether or not the suit has been instituted, unless there is a savings clause as to existing litigation. Davis v. Hughes, 229 Kan. at 101; Lakeview Village, Inc. v. Board of Johnson County Comm’rs, 232 Kan. 711, 659 P.2d 187 (1983).” Jackson v. American Best Freight System, Inc., 238 Kan. 322, 324-25, 709 P.2d 983 (1985).

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Bluebook (online)
733 P.2d 830, 12 Kan. App. 2d 14, 1987 Kan. App. LEXIS 852, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/keller-v-board-of-trustees-kanctapp-1987.