Keith v. Alexander Underwriters General Agency, Inc.

487 S.E.2d 673, 226 Ga. App. 838, 97 Fulton County D. Rep. 2366, 1997 Ga. App. LEXIS 787
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedJune 16, 1997
DocketA97A0842
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 487 S.E.2d 673 (Keith v. Alexander Underwriters General Agency, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Keith v. Alexander Underwriters General Agency, Inc., 487 S.E.2d 673, 226 Ga. App. 838, 97 Fulton County D. Rep. 2366, 1997 Ga. App. LEXIS 787 (Ga. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinion

Smith, Judge.

The owner of Greenville Insurance Agency, L. L. Keith, and its managing agent, J. D. Latzak, (collectively “Greenville”) brought suit against International Indemnity Company, an insurance carrier licensed in Georgia; Alexander Underwriters General Agency, Inc., the general agent performing underwriting, claims handling, and premium collection for International Indemnity (“Alexander”); and Alexander Underwriters, Inc., a premium financing company. Green-ville alleged numerous theories for recovery of damages based upon its relationship with the defendants, including breach of contract, breach of trust, tortious interference with contractual relations, and [839]*839tortious interference with business relationships. Defendants moved for summary judgment on all counts, which was granted by the trial court, and Greenville appeals. Because we agree with the trial court that no genuine issues of material fact remain for jury resolution and that defendants were entitled to judgment as a matter of law, we affirm.

The record shows that Alexander solicited Greenville’s business, that Greenville agreed to write its clients’ automobile policies through Alexander and International Indemnity, and that it did so. In turn, Alexander promised to handle the business of Greenville’s clients in a prompt, professional manner and pay commissions to Greenville. According to Greenville, however, Alexander thereafter mishandled its clients’ accounts and Greenville informed Alexander that it would no longer write any new business with Alexander.

Alexander then demanded more than $8,000 from Greenville on a commercial account for premiums due. When Greenville refused to pay the balance claimed by Alexander, Alexander filed suit against Keith in Meriwether County to collect this amount. A default judgment was entered in that case, which was reversed on appeal. Keith v. Alexander Underwriters &c., 219 Ga. App. 36 (463 SE2d 732) (1995). Alexander also canceled policies issued to Greenville clients and applied unearned premiums paid on those policies to the balance allegedly owed by Greenville. Greenville then filed this action in DeKalb County. The Meriwether County action was dismissed without prejudice, and Alexander’s claim was consolidated with this case.

1. Greenville contends the trial court erred in granting summary judgment to Alexander on Greenville’s claim for breach of contract because the trial court completely misconstrued its contention and incorrectly focused upon the individual insurance policies in ruling that this claim was without merit. Greenville claims the contract breached was not any of the individual policies issued to its customers but the “broker questionnaire” contract entered into by Green-ville and Alexander, whereby Greenville agreed to solicit the business and Alexander agreed to issue and service the policies.

The trial court may have misunderstood Greenville’s argument, but its ruling is correct for a different reason. Even assuming an actionable contract once existed, that contract was canceled by Greenville’s own actions in informing Alexander that it would no longer place insurance with Alexander. Although Greenville may believe that Alexander did not properly perform its obligations under that contract, “[a] suit on contract for damages on account of a breach thereof can not be maintained except by affirmance of its continuing validity. If the claimant’s actions are inconsistent with his rights under the contract, he is debarred from any right to sue on the contract.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Brooks v. Boykin, 194 [840]*840Ga. App. 854, 855 (3) (392 SE2d 46) (1990). A trial court’s ruling right for any reason will be affirmed. Goss v. Total Chipping, 220 Ga. App. 643, 647 (5) (a) (469 SE2d 855) (1996). The trial court was therefore correct in granting summary judgment to Alexander on this issue.

2. The trial court correctly ruled that Greenville’s claim for negligence must fail, because the insurer had a right to cancel contracts of insurance. OCGA § 33-24-45. If a policy was inappropriately canceled or mishandled, a claim against the insurer could be asserted only by the policyholders. See OCGA § 33-24-45 (o) (remedy for insured who believes policy wrongfully canceled). On this issue, the trial court found no Georgia case authority but was persuaded by the reasoning of the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit in Sterling Colorado Agency v. Sterling Ins. Co., 266 F2d 472 (10th Cir. 1959). In Sterling the court held that an insurance agent is not a third-party beneficiary of the contract of insurance between the insurer and the policyholder and that an insurer is answerable only to its policyholders even for bad faith in handling policy matters. Id. at 473-474. Our research also reveals no Georgia authority, and we agree with the trial court’s reasoning and reliance upon Sterling.

Moreover, any claim that could be asserted by Greenville would sound in contract, not tort, because it would arise from Alexander’s duties to Greenville, which were defined by the alleged contract between them. The trial court did not err in granting summary judgment to Alexander on Greenville’s negligence claim.

3. The trial court ruled against Greenville on its claims for tortious interference with contractual relations and tortious interference with business relations. It is well established that one cannot “interfere” with contracts or business relations to which one is a party. Cohen v. William Goldberg & Co., 202 Ga. App. 172, 178 (413 SE2d 759) (1991), aff’d in part, 262 Ga. 606 (423 SE2d 231) (1992) (contractual relations); Renden, Inc. v. Liberty Real Estate, L.P. III, 213 Ga. App. 333, 335-336 (2) (b) (444 SE2d 814) (1994) (business relations). The contracts between Alexander and the insureds solicited by Greenville therefore could not serve as a basis for Greenville’s claims because it was a party to those contracts.

Greenville alleges on appeal that the contracts addressed by this contention were those between Greenville and its customers. In asserting that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment against it on this contention, Greenville relies upon this Court’s holding in Preferred Risk Ins. Co. v. Boykin, 174 Ga. App. 269 (329 SE2d 900) (1985), a case involving similar parties and contentions. Green-ville maintains that the fact that its longstanding relationships with its customers were damaged by Alexander’s actions entitles it to recover under this theory and the holding in Boykin.

To recover under a theory of tortious interference with business [841]*841relations, the plaintiff must demonstrate financial injury and must show that the defendant: acted improperly and without privilege; acted purposely and with malice with the intent to injure; and induced a third party or parties not to enter into or continue a business relationship with the plaintiff. Rodgers v. First Union Nat. Bank &c., 220 Ga. App. 821, 823 (1) (c) (470 SE2d 246) (1996). “The essential thing is the intent to cause the result. If the actor does not have this intent, his conduct does not subject him to liability under this rule even if it has the unintended effect of deterring the third person from dealing with the other.” (Citations and punctuation omitted.) Jones v.

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Bluebook (online)
487 S.E.2d 673, 226 Ga. App. 838, 97 Fulton County D. Rep. 2366, 1997 Ga. App. LEXIS 787, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/keith-v-alexander-underwriters-general-agency-inc-gactapp-1997.