Joyce v. Commissioner

42 T.C. 628, 1964 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 85
CourtUnited States Tax Court
DecidedJune 23, 1964
DocketDocket No. 93342
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 42 T.C. 628 (Joyce v. Commissioner) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Tax Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Joyce v. Commissioner, 42 T.C. 628, 1964 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 85 (tax 1964).

Opinion

AtkiNS, Judge:

The respondent determined deficiencies in income tax for the taxable years 1958 and 1959 in the respective amounts of $12,100.21 and $46,012.20.

One of the issues raised by the pleadings having been settled by the parties, the remaining principal issues are (1) whether gains on sales of Unexcelled Chemical Corp. stock in 1959 were properly reported in the gross income of Farmingdale Manufacturing Corp., a corporation wholly owned by petitioner (rather than in his own gross income), thereby terminating the corporation’s election not to be subject to the taxes imposed by chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 and thereby depriving the petitioners of the right under section 1374 of the Code to deduct the corporation’s net operating loss for 1959; and (2) if such gains are taxable to the corporation, whether gains on sales of stock of Dynamic Electronics New York, Inc., in 1959 were properly reported by the petitioner in his gross income (rather than in the corporation’s gross income). Dependent upon the decision of issue (1) above is the issue of whether petitioner is entitled to a net operating loss carryback from the year 1959 to the year 1958. Other issues remaining are (1) whether gains on sales of other Dynamic Electronics stock by the petitioner were properly reported by him in his gross income for the taxable year 1959 (rather than for the taxable year 1958), and (2) dependent on the decision of this issue, the amount of the medical expense deduction to which the petitioners are entitled for the taxable year 1958.

KINDINGS OK PACT

Some of the facts have been stipulated and are incorporated herein by this reference.

The petitioners are individuals, husband and wife, residing in Anne Arundel County, Md. They timely filed joint income tax returns for the taxable years 1958 and 1959 with the district director of internal revenue at Baltimore, Md. They reported their income on the cash receipts and disbursements method of accounting. Hereinafter Temple N. Joyce will be referred to as the petitioner.

In December 1958 the petitioner had 34,853 shares of stock of Dynamic Electronics New York, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as Dynamic), in a brokerage account with W. W. Schroeder & Co., Inc. (sometimes hereinafter referred to as Schroeder). On various dates in December 1958 the petitioner sold through Schroeder 6,500 of such shares. The petitioner then instructed a representative of Schroeder not to sell any more of his shares of Dynamic stock until after the end of the year 1958. Nevertheless, thereafter in December 1958 there were effected through the facilities of the brokerage firm of Laid-law & Co. (hereinafter referred to as Laidlaw),, sales of additional shares of the Dynamic stock for petitioner’s account. Laidlaw’s confirmations of such sales showed that 2,500 shares were traded on December 22, 1958, with settlement date of December 30, 1958, and that 500 shares were traded on December 24, 1958, with settlement date of January 2,1959. Such confirmations which were first mailed by Laidlaw to Schroeder were not received by the petitioner until after January 1, 1959. Laidlaw’s statement of the petitioner’s account with it as of December 31, 1958, reflected a credit to the petitioner of $19,548.75 representing the net proceeds of sales of 2,500 shares of Dynamic stock and also showed that the account was short 2,500 shares of Dynamic stock. For several weeks the petitioner and a representative of Schroeder were in controversy with respect to the December 1958 sales of the 2,500 shares of Dynamic stock, but sometime in January 1959 petitioner accepted the transactions. Laidlaw’s statement of the petitioner’s account as of January 31, 1959, showed the receipt on January 23, of 28,453 shares of Dynamic stock. It also showed that on January 26,, 1959, Laidlaw issued its check in the amount of $53,197.11, which included the net proceeds from the December 1958 sales of the 2,500 shares of Dynamic stock.

During the year 1959 the petitioner owned all of the 1,250 shares of outstanding capital stock of Farmingdale Manufacturing Corp. (hereinafter referred to as Farmingdale), a Maryland corporation, which stock had cost him $1,250. He was its president and directed its business.

During such year Farmingdale was engaged in the business of research and development, principally in attempting to develop an invention having to do with the improvement of looms. In December 1958, the petitioner hoped that Farmingdale would complete this invention by the end of 1959 and then license the rights thereto to a manufacturer on a royalty basis, with the first royalties to be received several years thereafter.

In December 1958 the petitioner took certain steps for the purpose of obtaining capital for Farmingdale to enable it to continue its development work. On February 26, 1959, Franklin National Bank, Franklin Square, N.Y. (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the bank), loaned Farmingdale $100,000, evidenced by a note due May 26, 1959. On February 17, 1959, the petitioner had executed in favor of the bank an instrument entitled “Guarantee Of All Liability With Collateral,” in which he guaranteed the bank the prompt and unconditional payment of any and every obligation or liability of Farming-dale to the bank. It was therein recited that the petitioner had deposited with the bank 20,000 shares of Dynamic stock and 1,000 shares of stock of J. I. Case Co. as collateral security for his liability as guarantor. All these shares of stock were owned by petitioner immediately prior to their deposit by him with the bank. The petitioner and the bank had an oral understanding that from time to time the petitioner would instruct his broker to sell as many of the pledged shares as he felt the market could absorb without an adverse effect, to inform the bank of each sale, and to deliver the proceeds of the sale to the bank, which would then release the appropriate number of pledged shares and apply the proceeds to payment of the loan. It was then petitioner’s intention that any proceeds from sales of the pledged shares of stock in excess of the amount necessary to repay the bank for the loans would be used as additional working capital for Farm-ingdale. After February 26, 1959, further short-term loans were made to Farmingdale by the bank and from time to time these loans were renewed and payments were made thereon.

Commencing May 26, 1958, and continuing through June 10, 1959, 12,000 shares of Dynamic stock, including 9,900 pledged shares and 2,100 other shares, were sold through petitioner’s Laidlaw account. The bank released 11,000 of the pledged shares to Laidlaw upon payment to it of the proceeds of the sales1 in the amount of $100,452.80. The bank applied $82,853.76 of the sales proceeds to the loans and interest due thereon and paid the remainder of such proceeds, namely, $17,599.04 representing proceeds of the sales of the 2,100 unpledged shares, to the petitioner. Pursuant to the petitioner’s instructions 1,000 shares of the released Dynamic stock were returned by Laidlaw to the bank.

From July 20 through November 19,1959, there were sold through the petitioner’s Laidlaw account 10,100 shares of pledged Dynamic stock, and the bank released such shares and applied the proceeds of the sales in the amount of $40,080.99 against the loans.

After each sale of pledged Dynamic stock a note in the amount of the net sales proceeds was given by Farmingdale to the petitioner.

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Joyce v. Commissioner
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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
42 T.C. 628, 1964 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 85, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/joyce-v-commissioner-tax-1964.