Johnson v. Louisiana Department of Education

330 F.3d 362, 14 Am. Disabilities Cas. (BNA) 678, 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 8482, 2003 WL 21000830
Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit·Decided May 5, 2003·No. Nos. 02-30318, 02-30369·Published·Cited by 12 cases

Opinions

EDITH H. JONES, Circuit Judge:

BACKGROUND

This court consolidated the cases of Theodore Johnson and Lynn August due to the common issue whether Eleventh Amendment sovereign immunity bars claims for money damages against entities of the state of Louisiana, which arose during a particular time period, brought under § 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. The district courts refused to dismiss the claims. Based on the recent decision of this court in Pace v. Bogalusa City Sch. Bd., 325 F.3d 609 (5th Cir.2003), we vacate and remand with instructions to dismiss the claims for lack of jurisdiction.

Appellee Johnson was a full time student at the University of New Orleans (UNO) on financial aid. He is disabled by a partial paralysis of his left foot. In February 2000, a medical emergency caused Johnson to withdraw from UNO. Four months later, UNO revoked Johnson’s eligibility for financial aid. Johnson successfully appealed the decision. The appeals committee, however, did not inform Johnson of its decision until after the fall 2000 semester had begun; the committee also imposed academic requirements to maintain his eligibility for financial aid. Johnson asserts that because of his late start in fall semester classes, he was unable to comply with the academic requirements. In January 2001, UNO denied Johnson financial aid for the spring semester. Johnson filed suit against the Louisiana Department of Education, the State of Louisiana, the President of the Louisiana State University System, the Louisiana Board of Regents, and UNO 1 under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and § 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, alleging discrimination against disabled students and failure to provide reasonable accommodations.

August, a blind man, worked as a computer instructor for the Louisiana Depart[364] ment of Social Services (DSS). In June 2000, DSS eliminated August’s teaching duties, averring that August failed to submit “manual materials” required for use in the computer course. August contended, to the contrary, that he submitted the necessary materials at the same time as a sighted instructor whose materials were approved. August brought various claims for money damages against the DSS and three state employees in their official capacities, including claims under the ADA and the Rehabilitation Act.

Separate district courts in the Eastern District of Louisiana dismissed all claims against the defendants based on state sovereign immunity except for those under § 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. The defendants appeal, arguing that state sovereign immunity bars the appellees’ § 504 claims. Under the collateral order doctrine, appellate jurisdiction exists over an appeal from the denial of a motion to dismiss based on state sovereign immunity. Reickenbacker v. Foster, 274 F.3d 974, 976 (5th Cir.2001).

DISCUSSION

In denying the appellants’ motions to dismiss Johnson’s and August’s § 504 claims, the district courts concluded that the appellants waived their state sovereign immunity under the Rehabilitation Act by receiving federal funds.2 This court reviews denials of motions to dismiss based on state sovereign immunity de novo. Id. This court’s recent decision in Pace, 325 F.3d 609, mandates a different conclusion.

Under the Constitution’s Article I spending power, Congress may require a state to waive its sovereign immunity as a condition for receiving federal funds if two conditions are met. Id. at 614-16. First, “Congress must ‘manifest! ] a clear intent to condition participation in the programs funded under the [relevant] Act on a State’s consent to waive its constitutional immunity.’ ” Id. at 615 (quoting Atascadero State Hosp. v. Scanlon, 473 U.S. 234, 247, 105 S.Ct. 3142, 3149-50, 87 L.Ed.2d 171, 183 (1985)). Second, the state must knowingly and voluntarily waive its immunity by accepting the funds. Id. at 615-17.

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Johnson v. Louisiana Department of Education, 330 F.3d 362, 14 Am. Disabilities Cas. (BNA) 678, 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 8482, 2003 WL 21000830 (5th Cir. 2003).

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