John Reis Co. v. Zimmerli

120 N.E. 692, 224 N.Y. 351, 1918 N.Y. LEXIS 889

• Court: New York Court of Appeals
• Decided: October 29, 1918
• Status: Published

Opinion

Pound, J.

This is an action to recover for services rendered by a broker in procuring a purchaser for real property owned by the defendant. . At the trial each party moved for the direction of a verdict. The defendant’s motion was denied and the plaintiff’s was granted. The Appellate Division reversed the trial court and dismissed the complaint. The trial court was justified in finding that George H. Ohnewald, plaintiff’s secretary and treasurer, was employed by defendant, in January, 1912, to sell certain real estate in the borough of Brooklyn, and that thereafter he found a purchaser ready, willing and able to perform upon satisfactory terms, and that on May 2, 1912, as the result of the services thus rendered by him, a contract of sale was entered into between the defendant and the purchaser. This contract contained the following clause: “ The seller agrees that Mr. Ohnewald of Reis & Co., brought about this sale and agrees to pay the broker’s commission therefor and who shall be entitled to his commission upon passing of title as agreed.”

Ohnewald assigned to plaintiff his right to the compensation to be paid under .the. contract. Title to the premises never passed.

The Appellate Division holds that as matter of law “ the only evidence of an employment or agreement to pay commissions is .furnished by the clause in the contract quoted above, which was introduced in evidence by the plaintiff under that clause. The defendant' did not become obligated to pay a commission until the passing- of title. It was shown that, the title never-passed, and consequently the plaintiff was not entitled to the commissions,”

At the time the contract of sale was signed, Ohnewald had procured a purchaser and his right to his commissions had accrued. (Gilder v. Davis, 137 N. Y. 504; Davidson v. Stocky, 202 N. Y. 423.) It is true that when the written contract was prepared for execution he expressed his willingness, if it would be more- con venient for defendant, to wait for payment until title passed. But his contract with defendant had been fully executed by him, and the defendant could not be released from his liability to pay copimissions without a consideration. (Collyer & Co. v. Moulton, 9 R. I. 90; Benedict v. Pincus, 134 App. Div. 555.) There was no evidence of any promise on the part of defendant to do what he was not already legally obligated to do. (Kellogg v. Olmsted, 25 N. Y. 189.) Ohnewald’s agreement to wait was, therefore, nudum, pactum and unenforcible.

It follows that the judgment of the Appellate Division should be reversed and that of the Trial Term affirmed (Larkin v. N. Y. Tel. Co., 220 N. Y. 27, 31), with costs in favor of the appellant in this court and in the Appellate Division.

His cock, Ch. J., Chase, Hogan and Cardozo, JJ., concur; McLaughlin, J., dissents; Andrews, J., absent.

Judgment reversed, etc.