John Ganim v. Cotton USA, L.P.

• Court: Court of Appeals of Texas
• Decided: July 10, 2008
• Docket: 14-07-00835-CV
• Status: Published

Opinion

Affirmed as Modified and Memorandum Opinion filed July 10, 2008

Affirmed as Modified and Memorandum Opinion filed July 10, 2008.

In The

Fourteenth Court of Appeals

____________

NO. 14-07-00835-CV

JOHN GANIM, Appellant

V.

COTTON USA, L.P., Appellee

On Appeal from the 55th District Court

Harris  County, Texas

Trial Court Cause No. 2006-15646

M E M O R A N D U M   O P I N I O N

Appellant, John Ganim, appeals a quantum meruit judgment in favor of appellee, Cotton USA, L.P. (ACotton USA@).  In two issues, appellant challenges: (1) the legal and factual insufficiency of the evidence on Cotton USA=s quantum meruit claim; and (2) the trial court=s unconditional award of attorney=s fees in the event of an appeal.  We affirm as modified.

I.  BACKGROUND 

Appellant is the owner of Birnamwood Plaza, a retail multi-occupancy property in Houston.  On January 6, 2006, a fire damaged Birnamwood Plaza.  Appellant contacted his insurance carrier, Nationwide Insurance (ANationwide@), to report the damage and to make a claim.  Nationwide recommended cleaning and restoration work to repair the fire damage.  Thereafter, appellant entered into a contract with Cotton Catastrophe, L.P. for cleaning and restoration services.  Although appellant contracted with Cotton Catastrophe, the company had been renamed Cotton USA.  Cotton USA began cleaning and restoration work at Birnamwood Plaza (ABirnamwood restoration project@).  After its initial services, Cotton USA submitted two invoices to Nationwide.  The invoice for cleaning services totaled $16,916.79, and the invoice for restoration services totaled $16,347.50.

            Weeks later, Nationwide sent two checks payable to both parties to appellant, one in the amount of $16,916.79 and the other for $16,347.50.  Upon receiving the checks, appellant contacted Cotton USA and asked that a company representative pick up the check.  Cotton USA sent John Neiser, the project manager on the Birnamwood restoration project.  Neiser obtained the check for the cleaning services in the amount of $16,916.79, but mistakenly endorsed the check for the restoration services to appellant.  Thereafter, Cotton USA attempted to collect the second check for its restoration services, but appellant refused to release it to Cotton USA. 

Cotton USA filed suit for breach of contract and quantum meruit.  After a bench trial, the trial court rendered judgment in favor of Cotton USA on its quantum meruit claim in the amount of $16,347.50.  The trial court=s judgment also awarded attorney=s fees to Cotton USA in the event of an appeal to the court of appeals or the Texas Supreme Court.  In two issues, appellant argues: (1) the evidence is legally and factually insufficient to support the trial court=s judgment for quantum meruit in favor of Cotton USA; and (2) the trial court erroneously awarded unconditional attorney=s fees in the event of an appeal.

II.  SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE     

In appellant=s first issue, he contends that the evidence is legally and factually insufficient to support the quantum meruit judgment in favor of Cotton USA. 

A.  Standards of Review

When reviewing the legal sufficiency of the evidence, we review the evidence in the light most favorable to the challenged finding and indulge every reasonable inference that would support it.  City of Keller v. Wilson, 168 S.W.3d 802, 822 (Tex. 2005).  We credit favorable evidence if a reasonable fact-finder could, and disregard contrary evidence if a reasonable fact-finder could not.  Id. at 827.  There is Ano evidence@ or legally insufficient evidence when (a) there is a complete absence of evidence of a vital fact; (b) the court is barred by rules of law or of evidence from giving weight to the only evidence offered to prove a vital fact; (c) the evidence offered to prove a vital fact is no more than a mere scintilla; or (d) the evidence conclusively establishes the opposite of the vital fact.  Id. at 810-811. 

In a factual sufficiency review, we consider all the evidence in the record, both supporting and contrary to the finding.  Solutioneers Consulting, Ltd. v. Gulf Greyhound Partners, Ltd., 237 S.W.3d 379, 384 (Tex. App.CHouston [14th Dist.] 2007, no pet).  We may set aside a verdict only if it is so contrary to the overwhelming weight and preponderance of the evidence that it is clearly wrong and manifestly unjust.  Id.   Because this was a bench trial without findings of fact and conclusions of law, all facts necessary to support the judgment and supported by the evidence are implied.  Sixth RMA Partners, L.P. v. Sibley, 111 S.W.3d 46, 52 (Tex. 2003).

Quantum meruit is an equitable remedy based on the promise implied by law to pay for beneficial services rendered and knowingly accepted.  Vortt Exploration Co., Inc. v. Chevron U.S.A., Inc., 787 S.W.2d 942, 944 (Tex. 1990).  Quantum meruit serves as recovery when there is no express contract covering the services furnished.  Id.  To recover on a claim for quantum meruit, Cotton USA must prove that: (1) valuable services were rendered or material furnished; (2) to appellant; (3) which services and materials were accepted by appellant and enjoyed by appellant; and (4) under such circumstances as reasonably notified appellant that Cotton USA expected to be paid for the services.  Hudson v. Cooper, 162 S.W.3d 685, 688 (Tex. App.CHouston [14th Dist.] 2005, no pet).  Appellant only challenges the first element, contending that Cotton USA failed to present sufficient evidence that it rendered valuable services to him. 

B.  Services and Materials Furnished

Appellant does not dispute that restoration services were rendered and that he received such services.  Rather, appellant contends that the restoration services he received were performed by a third party, Cotton Restoration, and not Cotton USA.  We disagree. The evidence is legally and factually sufficient to support the trial court=s judgment that Cotton USA furnished restoration services to appellant.

Blake Stansell, the President and CEO of Cotton USA, testified that Cotton Catastrophe was renamed Cotton USA in 2004, and that the two companies were one in the same.  Chris Sneck, an employee of Cotton USA assigned to the Birnamwood restoration project, testified that he assisted in providing the restoration services to appellant.  Specifically, he testified that Cotton USA encapsulated the roof decking, replaced ceiling tiles and insulation, capped the plumbing line, and performed other miscellaneous repairs.  Sneck testified that after the restoration services were completed, Cotton USA forwarded an invoice to Nationwide for $16,347.50, reflecting the reasonable value of services provided to appellant by Cotton USA.  John Neiser, the project manager on the Birnamwood restoration project, also testified that Cotton USA provided cleaning and restoration services for appellant.  The foregoing evidence sufficiently shows that Cotton USA performed the restoration services.

We find that the evidence is both legally and factually sufficient to support the trial court=s quantum meruit judgment in favor of Cotton USA and that the reasonable value of services rendered was $16,347.50.  See M.J. Sheridan & Sons Co., Inc. v. Seminole Pipeline Co., 731 S.W.2d 620, 624-25 (Tex. App.CHouston [1st Dist.] 1987, no writ) (damages for quantum meruit are the reasonable value of work performed and materials furnished). We overrule appellant=s first issue.

III.  ATTORNEY=S FEES

In appellant=s second issue, he contends that the trial court erred in awarding attorney=s fees to Cotton USA that were not contingent on Cotton USA=s success on appeal.  A losing party on appeal is not entitled to attorney=s fees based on that appeal.  See Hoefker v. Elgohary, 248 S.W.3d 326, 332 (Tex. App.CHouston [1st Dist.] 2007, no pet.).  Therefore, any award of attorney=s fees on appeal must be conditioned on the receiving party=s success.  Daugherty v. Jacobs, 187 S.W.3d 607, 620 (Tex. App.CHouston [14th Dist.] 2006, no pet.).  The trial court, in the instant case, should have awarded attorney=s fees to Cotton USA conditioned upon successful appeal to this court and the Texas Supreme Court.  However, an unconditional award of appellate attorney=s fees does not require reversal.  Id.  Instead, we may modify the trial court=s judgment to make the award of appellate attorney=s fees contingent upon the receiving party=s success on appeal.  Mem=l City Gen. Hosp. Corp. v. Cintas Corp., 679 S.W.2d 133, 139 (Tex. App.CHouston [14th Dist.] 1984, no writ). 

We sustain appellant=s second issue and modify the trial court=s judgment to condition the award of appellate attorney=s fees on Cotton USA=s success on appeal. We affirm the judgment as modified.

/s/      Adele Hedges

Chief Justice

Judgment rendered and Memorandum Opinion filed July 10, 2008.

Panel consists of Chief Justice Hedges, Justice Boyce, and Senior Justice Price.^*

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^*  Senior Justice Frank C. Price sitting by assignment.