Jeter v. Shamblin

750 So. 2d 521, 2000 WL 115540
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedFebruary 1, 2000
Docket32,618-CA
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 750 So. 2d 521 (Jeter v. Shamblin) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Jeter v. Shamblin, 750 So. 2d 521, 2000 WL 115540 (La. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

750 So.2d 521 (2000)

Bobbie F. JETER, Plaintiff-appellant,
v.
Dr. James R. SHAMBLIN, Defendant-appellee.

No. 32,618-CA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

February 1, 2000.

*522 Davidson, Nix & Jones by Allison A. Jones, Grant E. Summers, Shreveport, Counsel for Appellant.

Mayer, Smith & Roberts by Mark A. Goodwin, Shreveport, Counsel for Appellee.

Before GASKINS, CARAWAY and KOSTELKA, JJ.

CARAWAY, J.

In this medical malpractice action, the trial court sustained defendant's exception of prescription. The trial court held that the doctrine of contra non valentem was inapplicable in this case, and that sustaining the exception of prescription based on La. R.S. 9:5628 did not violate plaintiffs' right to equal protection under the law. From this judgment the plaintiff has appealed. For the reasons set forth below, we affirm in part, vacate in part, and remand.

Facts

In her request for a medical review panel, Bobbie F. Jeter ("Jeter") made the following factual allegations. On or about August 13, 1980, she was admitted to Springhill Medical Center to undergo a gastric stapling procedure. The surgery was performed by Dr. James R. Shamblin ("Shamblin"). Following the procedure, Jeter was kept on a liquid diet; however, when she later attempted to eat solid foods, she began vomiting. Jeter experienced "constant nausea and vomiting" for several months after her operation, and returned to Shamblin for treatment. Shamblin prescribed various medications and maintained her on a pureed diet. After conservative measures failed to relieve Jeter of her nausea and vomiting, Shamblin decided to reverse the gastric stapling. Jeter consented to and underwent the procedure. Shamblin treated Jeter until December 10, 1985, more than twelve years before the filing of this complaint.

Although Jeter's symptoms improved to the point where she could hold food down, she continued to experience stomach problems. In 1995 she began seeing Dr. Wayne Sessions, who unsuccessfully treated her stomach problems for over two years. Eventually she was referred to a gastro-enterologist who performed an endoscopy on September 4, 1997. During this procedure, the gastro-enterologist discovered a staple or "silastic ring" that had "partially eroded into the wall of the stomach." The ring was removed during the endoscopy. The endoscopy was the first time Jeter learned that Shamblin had not removed all of the staples in her stomach.

Jeter's request for a medical review panel was filed on September 8, 1998, within one year of the discovery of the stomach staple. Her claims against Shamblin were alleged in terms of his negligent failure to remove the stomach staple. Her request was met with an exception of prescription filed by Shamblin on November 12, 1998.

In support of the exception of prescription, Shamblin showed that his treatment of Jeter terminated on December 10, 1985. Other than Jeter's petition commencing the medical review panel process and a letter confirming the final date of Shamblin's treatment, there was no other evidence presented to the trial court for its consideration of Shamblin's exception.

The trial court sustained Shamblin's exception of prescription, noting in its judgment that the doctrine of contra non valentem was inapplicable. The judgment also specifically ruled that sustaining the *523 exception under La. R.S. 9:5628 did not violate Jeter's right to equal protection under the law. This appeal followed, and Jeter asserts the following issues for our review: (1) Whether the doctrine of contra non valentem is applicable in this case; (2) Whether Shamblin's actions constitute a "continuing tort," thereby suspending prescription; and (3) Whether La. R.S. 9:5628 is unconstitutional under the facts of this case.

Prescription of Medical Malpractice

The prescriptive period for claims of medical negligence is set forth in La. R.S. 9:5628 which provides, in pertinent part, as follows:

"No action for damages for injury or death against any ... doctor duly licensed under the laws of this state ... whether based upon tort, or breach of contract, or otherwise, arising out of patient care shall be brought unless filed within one year from the date of the alleged act, omission, or neglect, or within one year from the date of discovery of the alleged act, omission, or neglect; however, even as to claims filed within one year from the date of such discovery, in all events such claims shall be filed at the latest within a period of three years from the date of the alleged act, omission or neglect."

This prescription statute for medical malpractice claims states the general one-year period for prescription of tort claims while additionally intending "to restrict the application of the `discovery rule,' or fourth category of contra non valentem, by providing that, regardless of the date of discovery, a claim must be filed at the latest within three years of the alleged act, omission or neglect." Whitnell v. Menville, 540 So.2d 304, 309 (La.1989).

Generally, the burden of proving that a suit has prescribed rests with the party pleading prescription unless the petition reveals prima facie that the claim has prescribed. Bishop v. Simonton, 615 So.2d 8 (La.App. 2d Cir.1993), writ denied, 617 So.2d 908 (La.1993). When the plaintiff's petition shows on its face that the prescriptive period has expired, the burden is on the plaintiff to demonstrate suspension or interruption of the prescriptive period. Lima v. Schmidt, 595 So.2d 624 (La.1992); Bishop, supra. In a medical malpractice action where plaintiff's application for a medical review panel serves initially as her "petition" and suspends the running of prescription, the defendant nonetheless may raise the exception of prescription by initiating a filing in a court of competent jurisdiction and proper venue at any time, even prior to the completion of the review process by the medical review panel. La. R.S. 40:1299.47 B(2)(a).

Discussion

I.

Jeter does not argue that the special discovery rule of La. R.S. 9:5628 is applicable to preserve her claim. That rule clearly embodies, yet limits to three years, the so-called fourth type of contra non valentem, where prescription is suspended for a claim which is not known or reasonably knowable by the plaintiff, and where such ignorance of the plaintiffs claim is not induced by the defendant. Whitnell, supra.

Jeter instead argues that the third category of contra non valentem prevented the tolling of prescription. Under the doctrine of contra non valentem, this third category suspends prescription when the defendant engages in conduct which prevents the plaintiff from availing himself of judicial remedies. Whitnell, supra; Bossier v. Ramos, 29,766 (La.App.2d Cir.8/20/97), 698 So.2d 711, writ denied, 97-2583 (La.12/19/97), 706 So.2d 463; Kavanaugh v. Long, 29,380 (La.App.2d Cir.8/20/97), 698 So.2d 730, writ denied, 97-2554 (La.5/15/98), 719 So.2d 67.

Assuming that the third type of contra non valentem might apply, the Louisiana Supreme Court addressed the issue in Fontenot v. ABC Ins. Co., 95-1707 (La.6/7/96), 674 So.2d 960, 963:

*524 "Heretofore this court has failed to expressly and directly declare that the third category of contra non valentem applies to medical malpractice cases....

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Bluebook (online)
750 So. 2d 521, 2000 WL 115540, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/jeter-v-shamblin-lactapp-2000.