Jamie Lee Bledsoe v. State

Opinion

ACCEPTED 06-14-00138-CR SIXTH COURT OF APPEALS TEXARKANA, TEXAS 8/3/2015 12:00:00 AM DEBBIE AUTREY CLERK

No. 06-14-00138-CR IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FILED IN 6th COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT TEXARKANA, TEXAS 8/3/2015 7:54:00 AM __________________________________________________________________ DEBBIE AUTREY Clerk JAMIE LEE BLEDSOE, APPELLANT V. THE STATE OF TEXAS, APPELLEE __________________________________________________________________ APPELLANT’S BRIEF __________________________________________________________________ On appeal from Cause No. 12-0374X in the 71st District Court Harrison County, Texas __________________________________________________________________ Robert Lee Cole, Jr. 409 N. Fredonia Street, Suite 101 Longview, TX 75601 SBOT: 04547800 903-236-6288 Phone 903-236-5441 Fax rcolejd@gmail.com Attorney for Appellant

Oral Argument is Requested IDENTITY OF PARTIES AND COUNSEL

Jamie Lee Bledsoe, Appellant #1945574 Wynne Unit 810 FM 2821 Huntsville, TX 77349

Robert L. Cole, Jr. Appellant’s Counsel on Appeal 409 N. Fredonia Street, Suite 101 Longview, TX 75601

Ebb B. Mobley Appellant’s Original Trial Counsel P.O. Box 2309 Longview, TX 75606

Cheryl Cooper Sammons Appellant’s Standby Trial Counsel 8907 State Highway 149 Longview, TX 75605

Shawn Eric Connally Trial Prosecutor Harrison County District Attorney’s Office P.O. Box 776 Marshall, TX 75671

Joe Hall Appellate Prosecutor Harrison County District Attorney’s Office P.O. Box 776 Marshall, TX 75671

Honorable Brad Morin Presiding Trial Judge 71st District Court 200 W. Houston Street, Suite 219 Marshall, TX 75671 i TABLE OF CONTENTS

Identity of Parties and Counsel…………………………………………………… i

Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………. ii

Index of Authorities….…………………………………………………………... iii

Statement of the Case…………………………………………………………….. 1

Statement Regarding Oral Argument…………………………………………….. 1

Issue Presented…………………………………………………………………… 1

The trial court erred when it imposed an illegal sentence upon the defendant

when it unlawfully considered an enhancement of a state jail offense to a second

degree felony.

Statement of Facts………………………………………………………………… 1

Summary of the Argument………………………………………………………... 2

Argument………………………………………………………………………….. 3

Prayer……………………………………………………………………………… 7

Certificate of Compliance…………………………………………………………. 8

Certificate of Service……………………………………………………………… 8

ii INDEX OF AUTHORITIES

CASES PAGE

Campbell v. State, 49 S.W.3d 874 (Tex. Crim. App. 2001)…………….6

Ex Parte Beck, 922 S.W.2d 181 (Tex. Crim. App 1996)………………..4

Ex parte Reinke, 370 S.W.3d 387, 389 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012)………..5, 6

Ford v. State, 334 S.W.3d 230, 234 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011)…………...5

Levy v. State, 818 S.W.2d 801 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991)…………………7

Mizell v. State, 119 S.W.3d 805 (Tex. Crim. App. 2003)………………..4

State v. Brown, 314 S.W.3d 487, 490 (Tex. App. Texarkana 2010)……..7

State v. Muller, 829 S.W.2d 805, 808 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992)………….7

State v. White, 959 S.W.2d 375 (Tex. App. Fort Worth 1996)…………..6

CODES, RULES AND CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS

Tex. Pen. Code Ann. Section 12.35 (West 2011)……………………….3, 5, 6

Tex. Pen. Code Section 12.42. (a)(2) (Vernon 2007)……………………5, 6

Tex. Pen. Code Ann. Section 12.425 (West Supp. 2014)………………..4, 5, 6

Tex. Pen. Code Section 30.02 (West 2014)………………………………3

Tex. R. App. Pro. 43.2 (d)………………………………………………..7

iii STATEMENT OF THE CASE

This is an appeal from a conviction of burglary of a building, which was

enhanced by two prior felony convictions. The jury found Jamie Lee Bledsoe

guilty of the offense and assessed punishment at 20 years confinement and a fine

of $10,000.00. CR: 224.

STATEMENT REGARDING ORAL ARGUMENT

Appellant requests oral argument.

ISSUES PRESENTED

Issue No. 1- The trial court erred when it sentenced appellant to twenty years

as the state jail felony offense was improperly enhanced to second degree

punishment.

STATEMENT OF FACTS

Appellant was convicted, contrary to his pleas, for the state jail felony

offense of Burglary of a Building which had been enhanced by two prior felony

convictions. CR: 224-235. He was sentenced to 20 years in the Institutional

Division, TDCJ. CR: 24.

Appellee, (hereafter referred to as “the State”) presented several witnesses at

trial. Brad Horn was the manager of Fish and Still Equipment and stated that he

discovered the business had been broken into as he arrived at work 16 July 2012.

1 RR: Vol 3, p. 100. Police officers investigated the scene, as well as neighboring

businesses, and located surveillance video. 3 RR 118. An investigating officer

reviewed surveillance video from the crime scene and recognized appellant from

the video as someone he knew from previous interactions. 3 RR 126-127. Officers

canvassed local motels and learned that appellant was staying at the time at Motel

6 in room 108 3 RR 134. Officers located Appellant at the Motel 6, and placed

appellant under arrest. A search warrant was secured and evidence was collected

from the room at Motel 6. 3 RR 136, 4 RR 8-10. DNA evidence was collected, sent

to the DPS laboratory, and connected to the appellant 4 RR 10-12, 4 RR 75-85, 4

RR 97-100.

The jury found appellant guilty. CR 207. At the punishment phase, the state

introduced evidence of prior convictions that were used to enhance the range of

punishment in this case to a second degree felony punishment range. 5 RR10-11; 7

RR EX 50, 51 The jury assessed punishment for appellant at 20 years TDC and a

fine of $10,000.00 after finding enhancement allegations to be true. CR 212, 224.

SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT

The Trial Court erred by imposing an illegal sentence of twenty years

2 confinement for the state jail offense of burglary of a building which was

improperly enhanced. The maximum sentence for a state jail felony is 24 months

confinement and a fine not to exceed $10,000.00. The Texas Penal Code does not

permit the type of enhancement as requested by the State and as permitted by the

court. The sentence of 20 years is illegal and the conviction is void.

ARGUMENT

Appellant Jamie Lee Bledsoe (hereinafter referred to as Bledsoe) was

convicted following a jury trial of the state jail felony offense of Burglary of a

Building pursuant to TEXAS PENAL CODE § 30.02 (C) (1) (West 2011). The

range of punishment for a state jail felony is by confinement in a state jail for any

term of not more than two years or less than 180 days, and a fine not to exceed

$10,000.00. TEXAS PEN. CODE ANN § 12.35 (a) and (b) (West Supp. 2014).

This Honorable Court of Appeals noted that the State introduced State’s Exhibits

50 and 51 (State’s Exhibit 50 being the prior judgment of conviction for burglary

of a building) without objection in its order dated June 4, 2015.

Because the 20 year sentence for the state jail felony is unauthorized by law,

it is an illegal sentence. A void or illegal sentence is one that is not authorized by

3 law. Mizzell v. State, 119 S.W. 3d 804 (Tex. Crim. App. 2003).

A defect which renders a sentence void may be raised at any time. Ex Parte

Beck, 922 S.W. 2d 181 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996).

There are certain circumstances when the punishment for a state jail felony

may be enhanced for certain offenders with prior felony convictions. TEX.

PEN.CODE ANN. § 12.425 Vernon 2014 states,

“If it is shown on the trial of a state jail felony punishable under Section 12.35 (a) that the defendant has previously been finally convicted of two felonies other than a state jail punishable under Section 12.35 (a), and the second previous felony conviction is for an offense that occurred subsequent to the first previous conviction having become final, on conviction the defendant shall be punished for a felony of the second degree.”

The State filed State’s Notice of Intent to Seek Enhanced Punishment Due to

Prior Conviction and in that motion cited Cause Number 99-0124X from the 71st

District Court of Harrison County, Texas for Possession of a Controlled Substance

and then a subsequent conviction Cause No. 08-177X of Burglary of a Building,

also from the 71st District Court of Harrison County, Texas. These convictions

were introduced into evidence as State’s Exhibits 51 and 50 respectively.

The judgment in Case No. 08-0177X (State’s Exhibit 50) states that it is a

judgment for the offense of Burglary of a Building-Enhanced and cites “Section

30.02 Penal Code.” Cause 08-0177X which was improperly used to enhance Mr.

Bledsoe in the instant case, was for the state jail felony offense of Burglary of a

4 Building, with the punishment range enhanced to a second degree felony. Statutes

enhancing punishment ranges for the primary offense do “not increase the severity

level or grade of the primary offense.” Ford v. State, 334 S.W. 3d 230, 234 (Tex.

Crim. App. 2011); see also Ex Parte Reinke, 370 S.W. 3d 387, 389 (Tex. Crim.

App. 2012).

The State has previously addressed the issue in its brief filed in this cause

filed May 4, 2015 in this case.

The State claimed that appellant relied in error upon Tex. Penal Code S

12.42(a) (2) (Vernon 2007) which reads,

“If it is shown on the trial of a state jail felony punishable under Section 12.35(a) that the defendant has previously been finally convicted of two felonies, and the second previous felony conviction is for an offense that occurred subsequent to the first previous conviction having become final, on conviction the defendant shall be punished for a second degree felony.”

The language in both the old statute Tex. Pen. Code Section 12.42(a)(2) and

the current section 12.425 (b) share the same language of “other than a state jail

felony punishable under Section 12.35 (a).”

The newer TEX. PEN. CODE § 12.425 (b) language does not change the

nature of a state jail conviction from a state jail felony to any other level of felony.

The language specifically states, “other than a state jail felony punishable under

Section 12.35 (a)…” The language dealing with “other than a state jail punishable

5 under 12.35 (a)” has previously been addressed by Texas Appellate Court. The

legislature selected and used the language in the statutes in question in a careful

and deliberate manner with the intent that they be construed to affect a reasonable

result, we hold that the legislature intended to exclude state jail felonies punishable

under section 12.35(a), and subject to enhancement under section 12.42 (a) (2),

from the class of felony offenses that fall under the habitual offender provisions of

section 12.42 (d).” State v. White, 959 S.W.2d 375 (Tex. App. Fort Worth 1998)

(rev. on other grounds). See also Campbell v. State, 49 S.W. 3d 874 (Tex. Crim.

App. 2001).

The legislature clearly did not change the language in section 12.425

from “punishable” to “punished”. By not changing the language, the prior state jail

felonies in the instant case cannot be used for enhancement, since no change in

wording was made. The Court of Criminal Appeals in Reinke stated “The

legislature clearly knows the difference between enhancing the level of an offense

and enhancing the level of punishment.” Reinke at 389

If such lack of enhancement is an oversight in the statute, it is the business

of the legislature, rather than the courts to correct it. Campbell at 878. Since this

case was punishable as a state jail felony, the level of the instant offense is not

6 raised, and the sentence of twenty years is void, this case must be reversed.

When interpreting a statute, an appellate court should necessarily focus on

the literal text of the statute in question and attempt to discern the fair, objective

meaning of that text at the time of its enactment. State v. Muller, 829 S.W. 2d 805,

808 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992). See also State v. Brown, 314 S.W. 3d 487, 490 (Tex.

App. Texarkana 2010).

When an appellate court finds error at the punishment stage of the trial the

case may be remanded to the trial court for the proper assessment of punishment.

Tex. Rule App. Pro 43.2 (d), Levy v. State, 818 S.W. 2d 801 (Tex. Crim. App.

1991).

In this case, the State used an improper conviction in an attempt to enhance

the punishment for the offense of burglary of a building from a state jail felony to a

second degree felony. The result was an illegal sentence of twenty years and a

$10,000.00 fine. Because the sentence is illegal, it is void. A void sentence can be

remedied by reversal and remanded to the trial court for a new trial on the issue of

punishment

PRAYER

Wherefore, premises considered, Appellant respectfully request that

7 this Honorable Court of Appeals reverse the judgment of the trial which illegally

sentenced appellant to twenty years confinement and remand this case back to the

trial court for sentencing as a state jail felony.

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE

I hereby certify that this computer generated document contains 1,499 words

as limited by Texas Rule of Appellate Procedure Rule 9.4.

/s/ Robert L. Cole, Jr. ROBERT L. COLE, JR. Counsel for Appellant

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I hereby certify that on this the 1st day of August 2015, a copy of the

foregoing has been delivered to the Harrison County District Attorney’s Office,

200 W. Houston Street, Marshall, TX 75670 with attention to Joe Hall, Attorney

for Appellee via electronic service.

/s/ Robert L. Cole, Jr. ROBERT L. COLE, JR. Counsel for Appellant