James v. State

660 S.W.2d 146, 1983 Tex. App. LEXIS 5206
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedOctober 21, 1983
Docket07-82-0027-CR
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 660 S.W.2d 146 (James v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
James v. State, 660 S.W.2d 146, 1983 Tex. App. LEXIS 5206 (Tex. Ct. App. 1983).

Opinion

COUNTISS, Justice.

Appellant plead guilty to a charge of delivery of a controlled substance, Tex.Rev. Civ.Stat.Ann. art. 4476-15, §§ 4.02(b), 4.03 (Vernon 1976) (amended 1981), and a jury assessed punishment of ten years in the penitentiary. In this court, he attacks the *147 conviction by three grounds of error, alleging the trial court (1) failed to give the jury a verdict form that would have allowed it to grant probation; (2) improperly restricted his closing argument and (3) erroneously refused to grant a mistrial when the State referred to an extraneous offense. We affirm.

Appellant’s first ground, by which he contends the jury was not given a verdict form that would have allowed it to grant probation, was not raised in the trial court but is advanced in this court as fundamental error. The record initially filed here on January 26, 1982, contains a timely application for probation, the trial court’s charge on punishment, by which the court instructed the jury on the probation law, and the verdict form by which the jury assessed appellant’s imprisonment. That record does not contain any other verdict forms. From the statement of facts, we learn that the trial court expressly extended an opportunity to appellant’s counsel to object to the charge, which he declined, and that both parties extensively argued to the jury appellant’s request for probation.

In February of 1983, pursuant to a motion by the State for completion of the record, the trial court conducted a hearing to determine whether the proper verdict forms were before the jury. At that hearing, the State presented evidence that five verdict forms, including a probation verdict form, were attached to the charge that was handed to the jury. The trial judge stated the same facts for the record. Appellant did not controvert that evidence. The pleadings and evidence from the hearing were then filed in this court, over appellant’s objection, on April 11, 1983, as a supplemental record.

Initially, we must decide whether the supplemental record is properly before us. Prior to 1981, article 44.11 of the Code of Criminal Procedure * permitted a trial court to retain jurisdiction over bond matters under article 44.04 and “the proceedings in article 40.09” after a record was filed in the appellate court. However, when article 44.11 was amended m 1981, the reference to article 40.09 proceedings was eliminated and, as pertinent here, article 44.11 now states:

Upon the appellate record being filed in the court of appeals or the Court of Criminal Appeals, all further proceedings in the trial court, except as to bond as provided in Article 44.04, shall be suspended and arrested until the mandate of the appellate court is received by the trial court.

Tex.Code Crim.Proc.Ann. art. 44.11 (Vernon Supp.1982).

Under well-settled rules of statutory construction, we must presume that the Legislature intended to dispense with the exception that allowed article 40.09 proceedings to continue after other' proceedings are suspended. Gateley v. Humphrey, 151 Tex. 588, 254 S.W.2d 98, 101 (1952). To hold otherwise would give no effect to the 1981 amendment, and would change the plain meaning of the statute as it now reads. Ex parte Trahan, 591 S.W.2d 837, 842 (Tex.Cr.App.1979). Thus we construe article 44.11 to mean that a trial court lacks the authority to supplement the record in a criminal case after the record is filed in the appellate court. Duncan v. Evans, 653 S.W.2d 38, 39 (Tex.Cr.App.1983). Any request for supplementation or correction of the record after that time must be addressed to the appellate court. We conclude, therefore, that the supplemental record is not properly before us and we will not consider it for any purpose.

We are aware that the Dallas Court of Appeals has reached a different result under similar facts, relying on article 40.09(7) which permits the trial court to supplement or modify the record to make it speak the truth. Jones v. State, 644 S.W.2d 546, 548-549 (Tex.App.—Dallas 1982) pet. ref’d 646 S.W.2d 449 (Tex.Cr.App.1983). We note, however, that the Court of Criminal Appeals expressly declined to approve that conclusion when it refused discretionary review. Jones v. State, 646 S.W.2d 449 (Tex. *148 Cr.App.1983). Additionally, we find nothing in article 40.09(7) that conflicts with our conclusion. If the trial court finds that the record should be supplemented or modified before it is filed in the appellate court, the court is granted authority to do so under article 40.09(7). After the record is filed, however, the trial court loses jurisdiction of the case under article 44.11 and, if the record is to be supplemented or modified thereafter, it must be by order of the appellate court upon abatement of the appeal. Duncan v. Evans, supra.

Our inability to consider the supplemental record does not aid appellant, however. When he contends the jury was not furnished all of the verdict forms called for by the charge, he must affirmatively demonstrate that fact. Marin v. State, 374 S.W.2d 227, 229 (Tex.Cr.App.1963); Bolden v. State, 489 S.W.2d 300, 302 n. 2 (Tex.Cr.App.1972). Additionally, absent “an objection or a showing that he had no opportunity to object, the matter is not properly before us for review.” Bolden, supra at 302; Jennings v. State, 367 S.W.2d 670, 671 (Tex.Cr.App.1963); Trotter v. State, 296 S.W.2d 934, 934 (Tex.Cr.App.1957).

Thus, appellant cannot prevail. The silent record does not support his contention nor did he lodge the required objection although given the opportunity to do so. Ground of error one is overruled.

By his second ground, appellant contends his counsel’s closing jury argument was unconstitutionally restricted. Prior to trial, appellant’s counsel agreed to abide by a request in the State’s motion in limine that he not refer to the punishments assessed in a group of drug cases tried earlier. Thereafter, early in his final argument, counsel said:

[MR. TERRILL, James’ counsel]: I want to ask you what really is justice? I have a little definition and I think it’s going to work in this case, justice, all it is is punishment that fits the crime, and equal punishment for everybody, white, black, Methodist, Baptist, equal punishment. That’s justice, and that’s all that Johnny James can ask for from you. And that's why we came to you.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Brandon Demon Jordan v. State
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2020
Luis Abraham Requeno-Portillo v. State
Court of Appeals of Texas, 2011
Cuadros-Fernandez v. State
316 S.W.3d 645 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2009)
Price v. State
870 S.W.2d 205 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1994)
Farris v. State
712 S.W.2d 512 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1986)
De Los Angeles Garay v. Texas Employers' Insurance Ass'n
700 S.W.2d 657 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1985)
Armstead v. State
692 S.W.2d 99 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1985)
Aguirre v. State
680 S.W.2d 567 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1984)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
660 S.W.2d 146, 1983 Tex. App. LEXIS 5206, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/james-v-state-texapp-1983.