MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be FILED regarded as precedent or cited before any Oct 05 2020, 8:39 am court except for the purpose of establishing CLERK the defense of res judicata, collateral Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals estoppel, or the law of the case. and Tax Court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Cara Schaefer Wieneke Curtis T. Hill, Jr. Wieneke Law Office Attorney General of Indiana Brooklyn, Indiana Tyler G. Banks Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
James N. Hartmann, October 5, 2020 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 19A-CR-2992 v. Appeal from the Vigo Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Sarah K. Mullican, Appellee-Plaintiff. Judge Trial Court Cause Nos. 84D03-1711-F6-3568 84D03-1508-F4-1968
Rucker, Senior Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 1 of 8 Statement of the Case [1] James N. Hartmann pleaded guilty to Burglary. Sentenced to the advisory term
of six years, Hartmann appeals contending his sentence is inappropriate in light
of the nature of the offense and his character. We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History 1 [2] On July 14, 2014, Hartmann was charged with Burglary as a Level 4 felony.
After his arrest, a bond was set, and Hartmann was taken into custody by the
Vigo County Sheriff. A few months later the trial court released Hartmann on
his own recognizance but required him to obtain mental health treatment at a
residential treatment facility and to reside there pending further order of the
court. Thereafter, Hartmann and the State entered into a mental health deferral
agreement under which Hartmann would plead guilty to Burglary as charged
and enter a treatment program administered by the Vigo County Mental Health
Court. The trial court would withhold judgment on the guilty plea pending the
outcome of the treatment program. Provided Hartmann satisfactorily
completed the program, the plea would be set aside, and the State would
dismiss the charge. In August 2015 the trial court accepted the parties’
agreement. Hartmann pleaded guilty pursuant to its terms and entered the
program.
1 Ind. Code §35-43-2-1(1) (2014).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 2 of 8 [3] One of the terms of the agreement was that Hartmann would not commit a new
criminal offense. Hartmann was participating in the treatment program on
October 20, 2017 when, unprovoked, he pointed a BB gun at two of his
neighbors threatening to shoot them and chased after the neighbors while
waiving a sword. As a result, Hartmann was charged with Count I Criminal 2 3 Recklessness as a Level 6 felony and Count 2 Intimidation as a Level 6 felony.
In consequence, the State filed a motion to terminate the mental health deferral
agreement which the trial court granted. After scheduling the case for trial, but
following a defense motion for a competency evaluation, on September 3, 2018
the trial court found Hartmann incompetent to stand trial and remanded him to
the custody of the Logansport State Hospital. Although the record is not
altogether clear, apparently Hartmann was restored to competency on or
around February 22, 2019 at which time the Sheriff was ordered to transport
Hartmann “from Logansport State Hospital to the Vigo County jail.”
Appellant’s App. Vol. 2, p. 15.
[4] Thereafter, Hartmann entered an agreement with the State which provided that
he would plead guilty but mentally ill to both Criminal Recklessness and
Intimidation as Level 6 felonies. Hartmann agreed to a sentence of two and a
half years for each offense to run concurrently. With regard to the Level 4
2 Ind. Code §35-42-2-2(b)(1)(A) (2014). 3 Ind. Code §35-45-2-1(b)(1)(A) (2017).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 3 of 8 felony Burglary for which Hartmann had previously pleaded guilty, sentencing
was left to the discretion of the trial court. The trial court accepted the parties’
agreement and Hartmann pleaded guilty accordingly.
[5] At the November 25, 2019 sentencing hearing, the trial court imposed the
agreed-upon concurrent sentences of two and a half years for the two Level 6
felonies. Citing Hartmann’s criminal history as an aggravating factor and
Hartmann’s mental health problems as a mitigating factor, the court sentenced
Hartmann to a term of six years for the Level 4 felony Burglary to be served
consecutively to the sentences imposed for the two Level 6 felonies for a total
executed term of eight and a half years. This appeal followed. Additional facts
are set forth below.
Discussion and Decision I. Standard of Review [6] Hartmann seeks to reduce his sentence pursuant to Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B)
which provides that this Court “may revise a sentence authorized by statute if,
after due consideration of the trial court’s decision, the Court finds that the
sentence is inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and the character
of the offender.” We independently examine the nature of Hartmann’s offense
and his character under Rule 7(B) with substantial deference to the trial court’s
sentence. See Satterfield v. State, 33 N.E.3d 344, 355 (Ind. 2015). “In conducting
our review, we do not look to see whether the defendant’s sentence is
appropriate or if another sentence might be more appropriate; rather, the test is
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 4 of 8 whether the sentence is ‘inappropriate.’” Barker v. State, 994 N.E.2d 306, 315
(Ind. Ct. App. 2013), trans. denied. The principal role of appellate review should
be to attempt to leaven the outliers, “not to achieve a perceived ‘correct’ result
in each case.” Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1225 (Ind. 2008). The
defendant bears the burden of persuading this Court that his or her sentence is
inappropriate. Childress v. State, 848 N.E.2d 1073, 1080 (Ind. 2006).
II. Appropriateness of Sentence [7] Concerning the nature of the offense “the advisory sentence is the starting point
the legislature has selected as an appropriate sentence for the crime
committed.” Kunberger v. State, 46 N.E.2d 966, 973 (Ind. Ct. App. 2015). A
reviewing court is thus “unlikely to consider an advisory sentence
inappropriate.” Shelby v. State, 986 N.E.2d 345, 371 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013), trans
denied. Rather, the defendant “bears a particularly heavy burden in persuading
us that his sentence is inappropriate when the trial court imposes the advisory
sentence.” Fernbach v. State, 954 N.E.2d 1080
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
MEMORANDUM DECISION Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be FILED regarded as precedent or cited before any Oct 05 2020, 8:39 am court except for the purpose of establishing CLERK the defense of res judicata, collateral Indiana Supreme Court Court of Appeals estoppel, or the law of the case. and Tax Court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE Cara Schaefer Wieneke Curtis T. Hill, Jr. Wieneke Law Office Attorney General of Indiana Brooklyn, Indiana Tyler G. Banks Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
James N. Hartmann, October 5, 2020 Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No. 19A-CR-2992 v. Appeal from the Vigo Superior Court State of Indiana, The Honorable Sarah K. Mullican, Appellee-Plaintiff. Judge Trial Court Cause Nos. 84D03-1711-F6-3568 84D03-1508-F4-1968
Rucker, Senior Judge.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 1 of 8 Statement of the Case [1] James N. Hartmann pleaded guilty to Burglary. Sentenced to the advisory term
of six years, Hartmann appeals contending his sentence is inappropriate in light
of the nature of the offense and his character. We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History 1 [2] On July 14, 2014, Hartmann was charged with Burglary as a Level 4 felony.
After his arrest, a bond was set, and Hartmann was taken into custody by the
Vigo County Sheriff. A few months later the trial court released Hartmann on
his own recognizance but required him to obtain mental health treatment at a
residential treatment facility and to reside there pending further order of the
court. Thereafter, Hartmann and the State entered into a mental health deferral
agreement under which Hartmann would plead guilty to Burglary as charged
and enter a treatment program administered by the Vigo County Mental Health
Court. The trial court would withhold judgment on the guilty plea pending the
outcome of the treatment program. Provided Hartmann satisfactorily
completed the program, the plea would be set aside, and the State would
dismiss the charge. In August 2015 the trial court accepted the parties’
agreement. Hartmann pleaded guilty pursuant to its terms and entered the
program.
1 Ind. Code §35-43-2-1(1) (2014).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 2 of 8 [3] One of the terms of the agreement was that Hartmann would not commit a new
criminal offense. Hartmann was participating in the treatment program on
October 20, 2017 when, unprovoked, he pointed a BB gun at two of his
neighbors threatening to shoot them and chased after the neighbors while
waiving a sword. As a result, Hartmann was charged with Count I Criminal 2 3 Recklessness as a Level 6 felony and Count 2 Intimidation as a Level 6 felony.
In consequence, the State filed a motion to terminate the mental health deferral
agreement which the trial court granted. After scheduling the case for trial, but
following a defense motion for a competency evaluation, on September 3, 2018
the trial court found Hartmann incompetent to stand trial and remanded him to
the custody of the Logansport State Hospital. Although the record is not
altogether clear, apparently Hartmann was restored to competency on or
around February 22, 2019 at which time the Sheriff was ordered to transport
Hartmann “from Logansport State Hospital to the Vigo County jail.”
Appellant’s App. Vol. 2, p. 15.
[4] Thereafter, Hartmann entered an agreement with the State which provided that
he would plead guilty but mentally ill to both Criminal Recklessness and
Intimidation as Level 6 felonies. Hartmann agreed to a sentence of two and a
half years for each offense to run concurrently. With regard to the Level 4
2 Ind. Code §35-42-2-2(b)(1)(A) (2014). 3 Ind. Code §35-45-2-1(b)(1)(A) (2017).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 3 of 8 felony Burglary for which Hartmann had previously pleaded guilty, sentencing
was left to the discretion of the trial court. The trial court accepted the parties’
agreement and Hartmann pleaded guilty accordingly.
[5] At the November 25, 2019 sentencing hearing, the trial court imposed the
agreed-upon concurrent sentences of two and a half years for the two Level 6
felonies. Citing Hartmann’s criminal history as an aggravating factor and
Hartmann’s mental health problems as a mitigating factor, the court sentenced
Hartmann to a term of six years for the Level 4 felony Burglary to be served
consecutively to the sentences imposed for the two Level 6 felonies for a total
executed term of eight and a half years. This appeal followed. Additional facts
are set forth below.
Discussion and Decision I. Standard of Review [6] Hartmann seeks to reduce his sentence pursuant to Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B)
which provides that this Court “may revise a sentence authorized by statute if,
after due consideration of the trial court’s decision, the Court finds that the
sentence is inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and the character
of the offender.” We independently examine the nature of Hartmann’s offense
and his character under Rule 7(B) with substantial deference to the trial court’s
sentence. See Satterfield v. State, 33 N.E.3d 344, 355 (Ind. 2015). “In conducting
our review, we do not look to see whether the defendant’s sentence is
appropriate or if another sentence might be more appropriate; rather, the test is
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 4 of 8 whether the sentence is ‘inappropriate.’” Barker v. State, 994 N.E.2d 306, 315
(Ind. Ct. App. 2013), trans. denied. The principal role of appellate review should
be to attempt to leaven the outliers, “not to achieve a perceived ‘correct’ result
in each case.” Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1225 (Ind. 2008). The
defendant bears the burden of persuading this Court that his or her sentence is
inappropriate. Childress v. State, 848 N.E.2d 1073, 1080 (Ind. 2006).
II. Appropriateness of Sentence [7] Concerning the nature of the offense “the advisory sentence is the starting point
the legislature has selected as an appropriate sentence for the crime
committed.” Kunberger v. State, 46 N.E.2d 966, 973 (Ind. Ct. App. 2015). A
reviewing court is thus “unlikely to consider an advisory sentence
inappropriate.” Shelby v. State, 986 N.E.2d 345, 371 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013), trans
denied. Rather, the defendant “bears a particularly heavy burden in persuading
us that his sentence is inappropriate when the trial court imposes the advisory
sentence.” Fernbach v. State, 954 N.E.2d 1080, 1089 (Ind. Ct. App, 2011), trans.
denied. Here, the advisory sentence for Hartmann’s Level 4 felony Burglary
conviction is six years with a range of between two years and twelve years. See
Ind. Code §35-50-2-5.5. Hartmann received a sentence of six years – the
advisory term.
[8] Generally, the nature of the offense is found in the details and circumstances of the commission of the offense and the defendant’s participation. Croy v. State, 953 N.E.2d 660, 664 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011). However, in this case there are few details in the record related to the nature of the offense. Hartmann
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 5 of 8 acknowledges as much noting “[t]he record is devoid of any particular facts regarding the nature of this offense.” Appellant’s Br. p. 5. The shallow record on this point is likely a byproduct of the sentence being imposed after a guilty plea rather than after a trial.
[9] In any case one bit of evidence we do have before us bearing on the nature of the offense is the charging information which declares in pertinent part “on or about July 14, 2014 in Vigo County, State of Indiana, James N. Hartmann did break and enter the dwelling of [another person], with the intent to commit theft therein . . . .” Appellant’s App. Vol. 2, p. 44. Absent any evidence suggesting otherwise, it appears that Hartmann’s offense is nothing other than “the ‘typical’ offense accounted for by the legislature when it set the advisory sentence.” See Holloway v. State, 950 N.E.2d 803, 807 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011). In essence there is nothing unusual about the nature of Hartmann’s offense that justifies revision of his sentence. We conclude Hartmann has not carried his heavy burden of demonstrating the nature of the offense renders his advisory sentence inappropriate. See Bonilla v. State, 907 N.E.2d 586, 590 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009), trans. denied. (holding the advisory sentence was not inappropriate based in part on the fact that “nothing stands out about the nature of this offense”).
[10] The “character of the offender” standard in Appellate Rule 7(B) refers to the general sentencing considerations and the relevant aggravating and mitigating circumstances. Williams v. State, 782 N.E.2d 1039, 1051 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003). “A defendant’s life and conduct are illustrative of his or her character.” Morris v. State, 114 N.E.3d 531, 539 (Ind. Ct. App. 2018). When considering the character of the offender one relevant consideration is the defendant’s criminal history. Rutherford v. State, 866 N.E.2d 867, 874 (Ind. Ct. App. 2007). “The significance of a criminal history . . . varies based on the gravity, nature, and number of prior offenses in relation to the current
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 6 of 8 offense.” Id. And we have held that “[e]ven a minor criminal record reflects poorly on a defendant’s character.” Reis v. State, 88 N.E.3d 1099, 1105 (Ind. Ct. App. 2017).
[11] Although Hartmann has no prior felony convictions, the record shows a
number of misdemeanor charges and convictions dating over a ten-year period.
They include the following: Reckless Driving; Operating While Intoxicated;
Operating While Intoxicated endangering a person; Invasion of Privacy;
Resisting Law Enforcement, Public Intoxication, Disorderly Conduct; and
Criminal Trespass. See Tr. Vol 2, pp. 43-44; Supp. App. Vol. 2 Conf., pp. 39-
40. At the sentencing hearing the trial court recounted this history and also
noted Hartmann had recently violated the terms and conditions of his pre-trial
release. Tr. Vol. 2, p. 45. The trial court acknowledged Hartmann’s “serious
mental health issue,” which included diagnoses of depression and paranoid
schizophrenia. However, the trial court also observed that over the years
Hartmann had the opportunity to be placed in mental health treatment
programs on four separate occasions and failed to complete the program on
three occasions. Imposing the advisory sentence, the trial concluded, “[i]t
seems to me that the best place [that] can provide the best treatment for you Mr.
[ ] Hartmann is [ ] the Department of Corrections [sic].” Id.
[12] Continuing to commit crimes after frequent contacts with the judicial system is
a poor reflection on one’s character. Rutherford, 866 N.E.2d at 874; see also
Conner v. State, 58 N.E.3d 215, 221 (Ind. Ct. App. 2016) (continued crimes
indicate a failure to take full responsibility for one’s actions).
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 7 of 8 [13] Here, Hartmann’s criminal record, probationary status, and inability to avail
himself of community-based mental health treatment programs, factors that
negatively reflect on Hartmann’s character, establish that the advisory sentence
is not inappropriate in this case. We find no reason in light of the character of
the offender to revise Hartmann’s sentence.
Conclusion [14] We affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Kirsch, J., and Crone, J., concur.
Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 19A-CR-2992 | October 5, 2020 Page 8 of 8