J-A16037-14
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
ARTHUR L. IVES, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA Appellant : : v. : : KATHRYN E. IVES, : : Appellee : No. 1929 WDA 2012
Appeal from the Decree entered on November 5, 2012 in the Court of Common Pleas of Warren County, Civil Division, No. A.D. 355 of 2010
BEFORE: DONOHUE, OTT and MUSMANNO, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY MUSMANNO, J.: FILED AUGUST 11, 2014
Decree in Divorce entered
We affirm the Decree.
The trial court set forth the relevant procedural history in its Opinion,
which we incorporate herein by reference. See Trial Court Opinion, 2/13/13,
at 2-3.1
On appeal, Husband raises the following issues for our review:
1. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] attempting to cure the defect apparent on the docket by amending the divorce decree by its [O]rder of December 4, 2012[,] filed on December 4, 2012[,] at 4:06 p.m.[,] after a Notice of Appeal had been filed to the Superior Court on December 4, 2012 at 3:33 p.m.[,] where there is no statutory authority for the [trial c]ourt to sua sponte
1 Wife filed a separate appeal, which is not at issue herein. J-A16037-14
does not conform to the authority of the [t]rial [c]ourt after appeal[,] as provided by Pa.R.A.P. 1701(b)(1)(2)?
2. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] ruling on
Recommended Order in equitable distribution prior to the time that a divorce had been granted to the parties?
3. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] granting the divorce [Decree] after equitable distribution had been confirmed where the [t]rial [c]ourt did not hold a hearing in [c]onformity with 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 3323(b) and where there was no stipulation for bifurcation[,] nor bifurcation granted[,] by the [trial] court after hearing pursuant to 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 3323(c.1)?
4. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] equitably
Brief for Husband at 5 (issues renumbered for ease of disposition).
In his first issue, Husband contends that, after he filed his Notice of
Appeal, the trial court was divested of authority to amend the November 5,
2012 Decree in Divorce to incorporate its October 1, 2012 Opinion and Order
distribution report.2 Id. at 22.
Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1701(a) provides, in
pertinent part, as follows:
Except as otherwise prescribed by these rules, after an appeal is taken . . ., the trial court . . . may no longer proceed further in the matter.
not filed until October 1, 2012.
-2- J-A16037-14
Pa.R.A.P. 1701(a); see also Prall v. Prall, 698 A.2d 1338, 1340 (Pa.
Super. 1997) (holding that the trial court was divested of its jurisdiction
after wife filed an appeal, and lacked the authority to issue an order
; see also 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 5505 (stating that a trial court may modify or rescind any order within 30
days if no appeal from such order has been taken or allowed).
However, Rule 1701(b) provides certain exceptions to the general
prohibition, and permits the trial court to take certain actions after an appeal
has been filed. Pursuant to Rule 1701(b)(1), the trial court is permitted to,
while an appeal of the matter is pending. Pa.R.A.P. 1701(b)(1).
Here, we believe that the trial court entered the December 4, 2012
Findings and Decree in Divorce in an effort to formally correct its November
5, 2012 Decree in Divorce, which inadvertently failed to incorporate its
ptions to the 3 Because the trial
court did not make a substantive modification of either the November 5,
2012 Decree in Divorce or the October 1, 2012 Opinion and Order, the trial
3 Pursuant to shall include . . . an order determining and disposing of existing property rights and interests between the parties .... October 1, 2012 Opinion and Order equitable distribution report. Thus, it failed to conform to Section 3323(b).
-3- J-A16037-14
of its December 4, 2012 Findings and Decree in Divorce was a
permissible correction under Rule 1701(b)(1).4 See Pa.R.A.P 1701(b)(1);
see also Hoag v. Hoag, 646 A.2d 578, 580 n.2 (Pa. Super 1994) (holding
order, after an appeal had
been filed, to clarify and correct its prior support order, conformed with Rule
1701(b)(1) because it was not a substantive modification of the prior
support order); Sell v. Sell, 714 A.2d 1057, 1063 (Pa. Super. 1998)
(holding th
counsel fees to mother, after an appeal of the prior support order had been
filed, was permitted by Rule 1701(b)(1) because the award of counsel fees
was already of record, but had been inadvertently omitted from the prior
order).
second and third issues are moot.
In his final issue, Husband contends that the trial court erred by
equitably dividing his early retirement pension because it was recomputed as
er 5, 2012 Decree in Divorce was not permissible under Rule 1701(b)(1). See Manack v. Sandlin, 812 A.2d 676, 682 (Pa. Super. 2002) (holding that the trial order denying a motion to vacate the default judgment, entered after an appeal of the default judgment had been filed, was null and void because it did not constitute a corrective order). Thus, this aspect of the December 4, 2012 Findings and Decree is null and void. See id.
-4- J-A16037-14
a disability pension based on an award of Social Security Disability. 5 Brief
for Husband at 11. Husband concedes that he mischaracterized the
character of his pension during the initial equitable distribution hearing, but
asserts that the trial court failed to consider the exhibits entered into
evidence by the parties which, he contends, clearly establish that his pension
is now a disability pension. Id. at 11-12. Husband acknowledges that his
monthly early retirement pension payments were marital property, but
claims that, because his early retirement pension was converted to a
disability pension, it is no longer a marital assert subject to distribution. Id.
at 12.
distribution order absent an abuse of discretion or error of law that is
demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence. See Taper v. Taper, 939
A.2d 969, 973 (Pa. Super. 2007).
Our Supreme Court has held that disability payments are not, per se,
excluded from the definition of marital property for equitable distribution
5 The parties were separated on November 26, 2009. Husband, a member of the Boilermakers Union, took an early retirement (at age 55) effective May 2, 2010, and began receiving early retirement pension payments in the amount of $2,192.67 per month. In May 2011, Husband was awarded Social Security Disability benefits, to be paid monthly in the amount of $1,851, retroactive to September 1, 2010. In June 2011, Husband elected to convert his early retirement pension to a disability pension. Based on the
recomputed, and increased to $3,052.54 per month, retroactive to September 1, 2010.
-5- J-A16037-14
purposes. Drake v. Drake, 725 A.2d 717, 724 (Pa. 1999).6 As the Drake
Court explained, the Divorce Code presumes that all benefits that accrued
during the marriage are marital property, and makes no exclusion for any
Id. at
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J-A16037-14
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
ARTHUR L. IVES, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF : PENNSYLVANIA Appellant : : v. : : KATHRYN E. IVES, : : Appellee : No. 1929 WDA 2012
Appeal from the Decree entered on November 5, 2012 in the Court of Common Pleas of Warren County, Civil Division, No. A.D. 355 of 2010
BEFORE: DONOHUE, OTT and MUSMANNO, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY MUSMANNO, J.: FILED AUGUST 11, 2014
Decree in Divorce entered
We affirm the Decree.
The trial court set forth the relevant procedural history in its Opinion,
which we incorporate herein by reference. See Trial Court Opinion, 2/13/13,
at 2-3.1
On appeal, Husband raises the following issues for our review:
1. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] attempting to cure the defect apparent on the docket by amending the divorce decree by its [O]rder of December 4, 2012[,] filed on December 4, 2012[,] at 4:06 p.m.[,] after a Notice of Appeal had been filed to the Superior Court on December 4, 2012 at 3:33 p.m.[,] where there is no statutory authority for the [trial c]ourt to sua sponte
1 Wife filed a separate appeal, which is not at issue herein. J-A16037-14
does not conform to the authority of the [t]rial [c]ourt after appeal[,] as provided by Pa.R.A.P. 1701(b)(1)(2)?
2. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] ruling on
Recommended Order in equitable distribution prior to the time that a divorce had been granted to the parties?
3. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] granting the divorce [Decree] after equitable distribution had been confirmed where the [t]rial [c]ourt did not hold a hearing in [c]onformity with 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 3323(b) and where there was no stipulation for bifurcation[,] nor bifurcation granted[,] by the [trial] court after hearing pursuant to 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 3323(c.1)?
4. Did the [trial c]ourt err as a matter of law [by] equitably
Brief for Husband at 5 (issues renumbered for ease of disposition).
In his first issue, Husband contends that, after he filed his Notice of
Appeal, the trial court was divested of authority to amend the November 5,
2012 Decree in Divorce to incorporate its October 1, 2012 Opinion and Order
distribution report.2 Id. at 22.
Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1701(a) provides, in
pertinent part, as follows:
Except as otherwise prescribed by these rules, after an appeal is taken . . ., the trial court . . . may no longer proceed further in the matter.
not filed until October 1, 2012.
-2- J-A16037-14
Pa.R.A.P. 1701(a); see also Prall v. Prall, 698 A.2d 1338, 1340 (Pa.
Super. 1997) (holding that the trial court was divested of its jurisdiction
after wife filed an appeal, and lacked the authority to issue an order
; see also 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 5505 (stating that a trial court may modify or rescind any order within 30
days if no appeal from such order has been taken or allowed).
However, Rule 1701(b) provides certain exceptions to the general
prohibition, and permits the trial court to take certain actions after an appeal
has been filed. Pursuant to Rule 1701(b)(1), the trial court is permitted to,
while an appeal of the matter is pending. Pa.R.A.P. 1701(b)(1).
Here, we believe that the trial court entered the December 4, 2012
Findings and Decree in Divorce in an effort to formally correct its November
5, 2012 Decree in Divorce, which inadvertently failed to incorporate its
ptions to the 3 Because the trial
court did not make a substantive modification of either the November 5,
2012 Decree in Divorce or the October 1, 2012 Opinion and Order, the trial
3 Pursuant to shall include . . . an order determining and disposing of existing property rights and interests between the parties .... October 1, 2012 Opinion and Order equitable distribution report. Thus, it failed to conform to Section 3323(b).
-3- J-A16037-14
of its December 4, 2012 Findings and Decree in Divorce was a
permissible correction under Rule 1701(b)(1).4 See Pa.R.A.P 1701(b)(1);
see also Hoag v. Hoag, 646 A.2d 578, 580 n.2 (Pa. Super 1994) (holding
order, after an appeal had
been filed, to clarify and correct its prior support order, conformed with Rule
1701(b)(1) because it was not a substantive modification of the prior
support order); Sell v. Sell, 714 A.2d 1057, 1063 (Pa. Super. 1998)
(holding th
counsel fees to mother, after an appeal of the prior support order had been
filed, was permitted by Rule 1701(b)(1) because the award of counsel fees
was already of record, but had been inadvertently omitted from the prior
order).
second and third issues are moot.
In his final issue, Husband contends that the trial court erred by
equitably dividing his early retirement pension because it was recomputed as
er 5, 2012 Decree in Divorce was not permissible under Rule 1701(b)(1). See Manack v. Sandlin, 812 A.2d 676, 682 (Pa. Super. 2002) (holding that the trial order denying a motion to vacate the default judgment, entered after an appeal of the default judgment had been filed, was null and void because it did not constitute a corrective order). Thus, this aspect of the December 4, 2012 Findings and Decree is null and void. See id.
-4- J-A16037-14
a disability pension based on an award of Social Security Disability. 5 Brief
for Husband at 11. Husband concedes that he mischaracterized the
character of his pension during the initial equitable distribution hearing, but
asserts that the trial court failed to consider the exhibits entered into
evidence by the parties which, he contends, clearly establish that his pension
is now a disability pension. Id. at 11-12. Husband acknowledges that his
monthly early retirement pension payments were marital property, but
claims that, because his early retirement pension was converted to a
disability pension, it is no longer a marital assert subject to distribution. Id.
at 12.
distribution order absent an abuse of discretion or error of law that is
demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence. See Taper v. Taper, 939
A.2d 969, 973 (Pa. Super. 2007).
Our Supreme Court has held that disability payments are not, per se,
excluded from the definition of marital property for equitable distribution
5 The parties were separated on November 26, 2009. Husband, a member of the Boilermakers Union, took an early retirement (at age 55) effective May 2, 2010, and began receiving early retirement pension payments in the amount of $2,192.67 per month. In May 2011, Husband was awarded Social Security Disability benefits, to be paid monthly in the amount of $1,851, retroactive to September 1, 2010. In June 2011, Husband elected to convert his early retirement pension to a disability pension. Based on the
recomputed, and increased to $3,052.54 per month, retroactive to September 1, 2010.
-5- J-A16037-14
purposes. Drake v. Drake, 725 A.2d 717, 724 (Pa. 1999).6 As the Drake
Court explained, the Divorce Code presumes that all benefits that accrued
during the marriage are marital property, and makes no exclusion for any
Id. at
722-24 (holding that a lump sum
benefits was marital property because the right to receive that payment
accrued prior to separation); see also 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 3501(a)(6), (8).
Accordingly, the Drake a
A.2d at 724. Further, the Drake Court ruled that, under the Divorce Code,
an award, including a disability award, is marital property if the right to
receive the award accrued during the marriage. Id. at 725-26; see also
Focht v. Focht, 32 A.3d 668, 674 (Pa. 2011) (holding that settlement
monies received by husband, post-separation from wife, in his personal
injury tort action, were marital property because his cause of action accrued
prior to separation).
However, in Yuhas v. Yuhas, 79 A.3d 700, 705 (Pa. Super. 2013),
this Court distinguished Drake and Focht on the basis that those decisions
6 In Drake prior decisions in which we have held that a pure disability benefit will qualify as a martial asset subject to equitable distribution only when it cannot be separated from other proceeds that form part of the marital estate. See, e.g., Ciliberti v. Ciliberti, 542 A.2d 580, 582 (Pa. Super. 1988).
-6- J-A16037-14
involved the accrual of a cause of action (i.e., the right to institute a suit for
damages) as opposed to the development of a disability. The Yuhas Court
both Drake and Focht involved lump sum payments,
not monthly payments that are contingent upon proof of continuing
Yuhas, 79 A.3d at 706. In contrast to Drake and Focht,
Yuhas involved monthly disability insurance payments received by husband
under a disability insurance policy following his development of carpal tunnel
syndrome, which left him unable to work as a surgeon. The Yuhas Court
determin
payments did not accrue during the marriage because his right to such
payments, if any, was conditioned on his ongoing submission of proof to the
insurance company of his continuing disab
corresponding action on that submission. 79 A.3d at 706. Thus, the Yuhas
Court ruled that the monthly disability payments received by husband post-
separation did not accrue during the marriage and, hence, were not marital
property. Id.
Here,
to receive Social Security Disability. See Boilermaker-Blacksmith National
Pension Trust Letter to Husband, 7/13/11. However, Husband failed to
present evidence establishing the medical conditions that formed the basis
-7- J-A16037-14
for his Social Security Disability.7 See Trial Court Opinion, 10/1/11, at 2.
Thus, Husband failed to present evidence upon which the trial court could
Social Security Disability award, or
whether the medical condition(s) underlying the award developed post- 8 separation. Id. and failure to provide
the trial court with appropriate evidence, the record was devoid of evidence
his disability pension (which is contingent on his entitlement to Social
Security Disability) accrued during the marriage or accrues on an ongoing
basis subject to proof of disability.
Based on our review of the record, we cannot say that the trial court
abused its discretion or committed an error of law in determining that
sets forth
7 Husband suggests that his Social Security Disability is based on his hives condition. Brief for Husband at 11. Husband testified that, from 1999 forward, he has been treated for chronic hives, and that he takes medication daily for his condition. See
hives-related disability began during the marriage, prior to separation. However, Husband also testified that, after separation, he had surgeries on both knees, was diagnosed with aseptic necrosis in both hips, had operations on both legs, microscopic surgeries on both hips, and bulging discs in his lower back. See Trial Court Opinion, 10/1/11, at 2. 8 The court hearing officer found that Husband repeatedly lied during the hearing in an attempt to intentionally mislead the hearing officer and Wife Social Security Disability and the increased amount of his pension following its conversion to a disability
See -47.
-8- J-A16037-14
the statutory presumption that all property acquired during the marriage is
marital unless it fits within one of the eight exceptions set forth in Section
3501(a). See 23 Pa.C.S.A. § 3501(b); see also Drake, 725 A.2d at 722.
In order to establish that his disability pension was his separate property
and not subject to equitable distribution, Husband was required to show that
3501(a)(1) through (a)(8). Drake, 725 A.2d at 723; see also 23 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 3501(b). Husband failed to meet his burden of proof. Thus, the trial court
did not err in following the dictates of Section 3501(b).
Decree affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 8/11/2014
-9- Circulated 07/15/2014 12:27 PM Circulated 07/15/2014 12:27 PM Circulated 07/15/2014 12:27 PM Circulated 07/15/2014 12:27 PM Circulated 07/15/2014 12:27 PM