Interco, Inc. v. Rhoden

220 So. 2d 290, 1969 Miss. LEXIS 1448
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedMarch 17, 1969
DocketNo. 45205
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 220 So. 2d 290 (Interco, Inc. v. Rhoden) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Interco, Inc. v. Rhoden, 220 So. 2d 290, 1969 Miss. LEXIS 1448 (Mich. 1969).

Opinion

SMITH, Justice:

Interco, Inc. has appealed from an adverse final judgment of the Circuit Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County dismissing its suit brought against appellee, Chairman of the Mississippi State Tax Commission.

[292]*292Interco alleged that Mississippi State Tax Commission wrongfully had ordered and required it to pay $10,825.00 as chain store privilege taxes, plus $5,412.50 in penalties, under Mississippi Code 1942 Annotated sections 9300 through 9311 (1952), a total of $16,237.50 and sought recovery of that sum. By consent, the case was heard by the judge, without the intervention of a jury, and the facts, in the words of appellant, “were to a great extent stipulated .by counsel for the respective parties.”

Plaintiff-appellant, Interco, is a Delaware corporation, authorized to do business in Mississippi, with its principal office in St. Louis, Missouri. The defendant-appel-lee is the Chairman of the Mississippi State Tax Commission, who is charged with the duty of collecting “chain store” privilege taxes imposed by sections 9300 through 9311, supra. Interco operates through divisions and wholly owned subsidiary corporations.

It is the practice of Interco to lease shoe department space in department stores in cities throughout the country. It had in Mississippi 7 such leased “shoe department” retail outlets in each of the years 1963 through 1965, and had 8 such leased departments in 1966. In addition to these leased “shoe departments,” Interco owned and operated in Mississippi 4 retail shoe stores in 1963, 3 in 1964 and 1 in each of the years 1965 and 1966. In all, Interco operated 719 retail shoe stores and leased retail shoe departments in 45 states, including Mississippi.

The initial formal demand upon Interco for payment of the $16,237.50 in chain store taxes and penalties was made by Mississippi State Tax Commission by letter on February 7, 1967. Prior to that time, “on previous occasions” since 1963, it was stipulated that the Commission had requested Interco to apply for and obtain chain store privilege licenses but Interco had declined or omitted to do so. No payment of the tax was made by Interco until $16,237.50 was paid April 28, 1967, pursuant to an order entered March 14, 1967, by the Mississippi State Tax Commission following a hearing of the matter.

On this appeal, Interco has assigned and argues several grounds for reversal.

First, it is contended that it is not a “retailer” as defined in Mississippi Code 1942 Annotated section 9301(c) (1952). It is pointed out that the tax is levied for “the privilege of engaging or continuing in the business of a retailer” as defined in the act; that “retailer” is defined by section 9301 (c) as including “every person engaged principally in the business of making sales at retail.” (Emphasis appellant’s). It is argued that the key to including or excluding is the word “principally,” and that In-terco should be excluded because from 64% to 77% of its annual income in the years 1963 through 1966 was derived from its manufacturing and wholesale businesses.

A corporation or individual may, of course, engage in several businesses concurrently. The tax is levied for the privilege of operating retail outlets and is not affected by the fact that an entity so engaged may have income from other separate and different businesses as well. In such event, if considered solely upon the basis of income, the operator of the businesses might avoid the taxing of any one of them by showing in each case that the operator derived a greater proportion of income from a combination of the others. We think that the word “principally” as used in the act refers to the retail store or retail outlet for the operation of which the privilege tax is levied, and was not intended to exempt those who engage in a retail business because such retailer also operates another business or other businesses from which he derives a greater proportion of income.

Appellant next contends that it was error to consider the “leased shoe departments” as being “stores” within the meaning of the chain store taxing statutes.

[293]*293In the enactment of the “chain store” tax statute the Legislature declared its policy to be:

It is hereby determined that due to the greater specialization in management and methods, the advantages of mass buying, of intensive selling, of greater utilization of capital assets, of the specialized character of their merchandising and the more efficient coverage and results obtained from their advertising, stores operated in multiple units enjoy an advantage over individually owned and operated single stores to the extent that it is fit and proper that such stores should be separately classified for the purpose of privilege taxation; and further, that the increasing growth of chains and greater multiplication of units of stores tend to foster monopoly and to create unemployment by driving out of business their competitors who do not enjoy such advantages. See Mississippi Code 1942 Annotated section 9300 (1952).

A lease form, customarily in use by Interco, was attached to the stipulation. This document shows that it was the practice of Interco to lease specifically defined floor space within an established department store and to use such leased space in conducting a retail shoe business. The lease provides for the utilization by Interco of some of the facilities of the department store and requires Interco to maintain standards compatible with those of the department store in which it conducts its retail shoe business. Rental involves a profit sharing plan but the business of Interco in each case is unmistakably that of operating a retail shoe business.

The lease employed by Interco provides, among other things, that lessee shall occupy with its shoe department the space designated in the lease, and shall have the exclusive right in the store in which it is located to carry on and conduct the “business of selling at retail all types of footwear.” Under the terms of the lease, it is agreed that, “while the business of lessee (Interco) is to be and remain as the business of lessee, the same shall be so conducted as to appear to customers to' be a department of lessor’s business.” It is further provided that all persons employed in the shoe “department” shall be employees of lessee, and that lessee shall be exclusively liable for all of its purchases of merchandise and equipment as well as for its other transactions connected with its retail shoe ■business.

The result of all of this is, beyond question, that the “leased department” is a retail outlet for shoes where Interco enjoys “the privilege of engaging or continuing in the business of a retailer.” The legislative purpose in imposing the tax was to levy it upon the privilege of “engaging or continuing in the business of retailer.” The character and extent of the quarters in which the business may be conducted is not germane to the question. Obviously it was the legislative intent that the tax apply whether the “business of a retailer” is conducted in a multistory building entirely devoted to that purpose, in an apartment, a single room, or in a “shoe department” in a leased portion of a larger area. The fact that other floors, rooms or parts of rooms are used for other purposes cannot affect the proposition.

The word “store” is a word capable of expressing several different meanings, the meaning intended usually being determinable by the context in which it is used.

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Bluebook (online)
220 So. 2d 290, 1969 Miss. LEXIS 1448, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/interco-inc-v-rhoden-miss-1969.