INA of Texas v. Smith

765 S.W.2d 524, 1989 Tex. App. LEXIS 525, 1989 WL 21903
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedJanuary 26, 1989
DocketNo. 09-87-210-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 765 S.W.2d 524 (INA of Texas v. Smith) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
INA of Texas v. Smith, 765 S.W.2d 524, 1989 Tex. App. LEXIS 525, 1989 WL 21903 (Tex. Ct. App. 1989).

Opinion

OPINION

BROOKSHIRE, Justice.

Workers’ Compensation case. This appeal sub judice follows a district court proceeding under the Texas Workers’ Compensation Act, TEX.REV.CIV.STAT.ANN. art. 8306, et seq. (Vernon 1967 and Vernon Supp.1988). The claimant was Jessie L. Smith, who retired from Texaco, Inc., in 1981. Mr. Smith filed his claim for com[526]*526pensation on or about January 13,1986. In a juried proceeding the jury’s verdict found a total loss of the use of Smith’s hearing and the date of cumulative injury was found to be August 15, 1986. In calculating the judgment the district court employed a $217 per week compensation rate.

Smith’s retirement date was May of 1981. He had started in the labor gang in 1941 using a jackhammer and “busting concrete” away from an old acid recovery unit that had burned down many years prior to 1941. He worked in the pipe department and labored in molding hot wax into a cold slab of cold wax. He was assigned to the Structural Steel Department using impact wrenches on the heads of big bolts and later to reworking exchangers. Smith generally wore hearing plugs beginning at sometime in the 1970’s. He began having significant problems with his hearing loss around 1978.

Smith had several audiograms performed to measure his hearing acuity at Texaco facilities in 1971,1973, and 1980. After the 1980 test the nurse told Smith that she believed that he had a hearing loss, but she did not tell Smith how much of a hearing loss he had suffered. Smith did not know what caused his hearing loss and no one at Texaco told him the cause. After October of 1980 hej thought he had a hearing loss, not knowing its genesis. This paragraph narrates Smith’s testimony on these events.

Smith speculated that the place that he had worked for over forty years and his exposure to noise there may have been related to his hearing loss. But it was a test in August of 1986 that caused Smith to realize, he said, that his loss of hearing was job related. Prior to that time, Smith testified that he didn’t want to file a compensation claim based merely on suspicion. Smith took the position that prior to that time, Texaco employees had not told him that he had a loss of hearing. Smith did not miss any time from work as a result of any loss of hearing.

Smith’s hearing never improved after he retired from Texaco. He claims it continued to get worse after his retirement. In 1986 his hearing loss amounted to 54%. Conflicting testimony and evidence as well as inconsistent testimony and evidence exist in the record concerning the narrative set out above, but we deem these matters were to be resolved by the jury.

The jury’s verdict found that Mr. Smith had sustained and suffered a total and permanent loss of the use of his hearing in both ears which arose out of his work at Texaco. The jury found that August 15, 1986 was the date of the cumulative injury and the date of the first distinct manifestation of the loss of hearing. The verdict disclosed that the date of the last injurious exposure occurred on May 5, 1981, Smith’s retirement date.

Smith had worked for four decades for his employer. Smith had an eighth grade education when he began to work for Texaco in 1941. During the next forty years on his job Smith’s contention was that he was exposed to rather high levels of noise but he was given no hearing protection until sometime in the 1970’s. Some evidence exists that Smith for the first time in 1986 entertained more than a suspicion that his loss of hearing was related to his work and arose out of his employment with Texaco. During that year, Smith was diagnosed as having suffered a moderately severe senso-rineural hearing loss of about 54% and as having tinnitus. These hearing disorders were noise induced and due to his exposure to noise at his place of work according to a doctor of osteopathy.

The Final, Binding Stipulation and The Compensation Rate Issue

There was a stipulation properly recorded before the trial judge agreeing that Mr. Smith qualified as a 210 day employee [527]*527for whatever date the jury shall have found as the first distinct manifestation of his hearing loss; and further, Mr. Smith’s wages as to that year wherein the jury shall have found there exists the first distinct manifestation of hearing loss would qualify Smith for the application of the maximum compensation rate for that year.

Importantly, there was a later distinct modification and change in the stipulation which was agreed to by the parties. The attorney for the claimant said that he fully understood the final stipulation. The final form of the stipulation was that for whatever year that Mr. Smith was an employee of Texaco, it was agreed and stipulated that he was a 210 day employee and that his wages as an employee would qualify him for the application of the maximum compensation rate for that year of actual employment; that the year of the application of the maximum compensation rate would only include, and the parties’ stipulation and agreement only included, the days or the year ending on May 1, 1981.

Although the stipulation could have been much more expertly worded, it appears that the stipulation simply did not apply to the years or days subsequent to May 1, 1981. And it is fair to state that that is certainly the understanding, not only announced in the record by the Appellee through his counsel, but also by the Appel-lee in his brief. Appellee at least tacitly concedes and acquiesces that there was no stipulation concerning the cumulative injury date. The cumulative injury date was defined in the charge as the date the disability was caused by exposure to noise.

The jury found the date of the cumulative injury to have been August 15, 1986. As we read the record, it is clear that the carrier admitted that for any period of total incapacity the correct compensation rate was $133.00 per week and $133.00 per week is ultimately that which the Appellee pleaded for and embraces in his brief. We find that the trial court actually based its final judgment as to the compensation rate upon the date of cumulative injury. Under this record, we find that the $133.00 rate is correct, because of the paramount Stipulation construed with the answers to the Request for Admissions.

Furthermore, the Appellee-Plaintiff affirmatively and unequivocally pleaded by his live, trial pleadings that on or about May 1, 1981, he was an employee of Texaco, Inc., and on the same said date of May 1, 1981, he sustained an injury to his hearing while in the course and scope of his employment due to repetitious trauma; that the claimant’s last injurious exposure was on May 1, 1981; and that his compensation rate was $133.00. Plaintiff’s last live pleading was his second amended original petition wherein he consistently and repeatedly pleaded that his compensation rate was $133.00 per week. When the Stipulation and Admissions are read together, the $133.00 figure is correct. The trial court erred in using the $217.00 per week compensation rate. The carrier’s contention for a $37 rate betrays its own Stipulation and Admissions.

In Special Issue 3 the jury found that the date of cumulative injury occurred on August 15, 1986, and the trial court applied the maximum compensation rate for 1986 of $217.00 per week to Mr. Smith’s claim. But the record glaringly establishes that Mr. Smith was not a 210 day employee during the year ending August 15, 1986. In fact, he was fully retired.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
765 S.W.2d 524, 1989 Tex. App. LEXIS 525, 1989 WL 21903, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ina-of-texas-v-smith-texapp-1989.