In re the Estate of Adamee

221 S.E.2d 370, 28 N.C. App. 229, 1976 N.C. App. LEXIS 2655
CourtCourt of Appeals of North Carolina
DecidedJanuary 7, 1976
DocketNo. 7515SC439
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 221 S.E.2d 370 (In re the Estate of Adamee) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of North Carolina primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In re the Estate of Adamee, 221 S.E.2d 370, 28 N.C. App. 229, 1976 N.C. App. LEXIS 2655 (N.C. Ct. App. 1976).

Opinion

CLARK, Judge.

The questions raised by this appeal involve, first, the right of the respondent to qualify for appointment as administratrix of the estate of her deceased husband, and, second, her right to share in his estate.

All parties admit the execution of the deed of separation by respondent and her husband and the entry of Consent Judgment, both dated 20 December 1973. Under the terms of the deed of separation respondent renounced (1) her right to share in the estate of her husband under G.S. 29-13 and G.S. 29-14; and (2) her right to administer upon his estate under G.S. 28A-4-l(6). The parties do not question the validity or the construction of the deed of separation. See Lane v. Scarborough, 284 N.C. 407, 200 S.E. 2d 622 (1973).

But it is established in North Carolina that where a husband and wife enter into a,separation agreement and thereafter become reconciled and renew their marital relations, the agreement is rescinded for every purpose insofar as it remains executory. Tilley v. Tilley, 268 N.C. 630, 151 S.E. 2d 592 (1966) ; Jones v. Lewis, 243 N.C. 259, 90 S.E. 2d 547 (1955) ; Bass v. Mooresville Mills, 11 N.C. App. 631, 182 S.E. 2d 246 (1971).

The evidence offered by respondent on one hand and petitioners on the other is conflicting. The Clerk found that there was a reconciliation and resumption of marital relations. On appeal Judge Braswell found that the conflicting evidence raised issues of fact, and ordered that an issue be submitted for jury determination as follows: “Did the late Paul Chester Adamee and his wife Raye T. Adamee become reconciled and renew their marital relations after December 20, 1973?” It is clear that the determination of this issue would determine both the right of the Clerk to appoint respondent to administer the estate and her right to share in the estate.

The respondent contends that the petitioners’ appeal, without exceptions to specific findings of fact, from the order of the Clerk of Superior Court presented for determination to the [233]*233Superior Court only whether the findings of the Clerk supported his order and that the Superior Court was without authority to order a jury trial upon the issue of reconciliation and resumption of marital relations. Respondent relies on In re Estate of Lowther, 271 N.C. 345, 156 S.E. 2d 693 (1967), which involved an appeal to Superior Court, without exceptions to specific findings of fact, from an order from the Clerk removing an administratrix upon the finding that she was not the widow of the deceased. The Superior Court found that an issue of fact arose from the pleadings, vacated the Clerk’s order, and transferred the proceeding to the civil issue docket for trial. The Supreme Court, in reversing the Superior Court, held that where the appellant does not challenge any of the Clerk’s findings of fact, the superior court judge reviews the record to determine whether there are errors of law, and the appeal carries to the judge the question of whether the Clerk’s findings of fact sustain his order. In re Moore, 25 N.C. App. 36, 212 S.E. 2d 184 (1975).

Both the case before us and the Lowther case involved probate matters on appeal from the Clerk to the Superior Court, and it is obvious that Lowther controls the case before us unless there is some compelling reason for finding that the Lowther decision is no longer authority for the proposition that on appeal from the Clerk to the Judge of Superior Court the hearing is not de novo.

In the Lowther decision Justice (now Chief Justice) Sharp traced the jurisdiction of probate matters from the ecclesiastical courts in England, through our Constitution of 1868 and repeal by the Constitutional Convention of 1875. “Since then the jurisdiction of the clerks of the Superior Courts with reference to the administration of estates of deceased persons has been altogether statutory. . . . Section 102 of N. C. Code of 1883 — now G.S. 2-1 — abolished the office of probate judge and transferred the duties which the clerks had previously performed as judges of probate to them as clerks of the Superior Court.” 271 N.C. at 348. Lowther relied on In re Simmons, 266 N.C. 702, 147 S.E. 2d 231 (1966), which stated that “the appellate jurisdiction ... is derivative and appeals present for review only errors of law committed by the clerk.” 266 N.C. at 707.

G.S. 2-1 was specifically repealed on 1 October 1971 by Session Laws of 1971, c. 363, s. 11. Many of the jurisdictional statutes included in Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 of the General [234]*234Statutes were repealed, or were replaced, by Chapter 810, Session Laws of 1965, and other statutes enacted subsequently, to implement the “Court Improvement Amendment” (adopted in 1961 as proposed by the Session Laws of 1961, c. 313). The amendment is now a part of the new Constitution of North Carolina, Article IV, effective 1 July 1971. These statutes are now included in Chapter 7A of the General Statutes.

G.S. 7A-240, after providing for the vesting in the superior court division and the district court division original jurisdiction of all justiciable matters of a civil nature, concludes with this sentence: “Except in respect of proceedings in probate and the administration of decedents’ estates, the original civil jurisdiction so vested in the trial divisions is vested concurrently in each division.” G.S. 7A-241 provides: “Exclusive original jurisdiction for the probate of wills and the administration of decedents’ estates is vested in the superior court division, and is exercised by the superior courts and by the clerks of superior court as ex officio judges of probate according to the practice and procedure provided by law.” G.S. 7A-251 provides: “In all matters properly cognizable in the superior court division which are heard originally before the clerk of superior court, appeals lie to the judge of superior court having jurisdiction from all orders and judgments of the clerk for review in all matters of law or legal inference, in accordance with the procedure provided in chapter 1 of the General Statutes.”

The effect of these statutes is to take from the Clerk exclusive original jurisdiction of probate matters, to vest in the Clerk and the Superior Court concurrent jurisdiction of probate matters, and to provide for appeals from the Clerk directly to the judges of superior court, bypassing the district courts, on all such matters heard originally before the Clerks. And G.S. 28-1, (as well as Articles 1 thru 7 of Chapter 28, General Statutes) vesting probate jurisdiction, including the granting of letters of administration, in the Clerk was repealed by the Session Laws of 1973, c. 1329, effective 1 October 1975. G.S. 28A-2-1, replacing G.S. 28-1, provides:

“The clerk of superior court of each county, ex officio judge of probate, shall have jurisdiction of the administration, settlement, and distribution of estates of decedents including, but not limited to, the following:
(1) Probate of wills;
[235]*235(2) Granting of letters testamentary and of administration, or other proper letters of authority for the administration of estates.”

G.S. 28A-2-1 in substance vests in the Clerk “jurisdiction” of the named probate matters without vesting concurrent jurisdiction in the superior court. But" we find that the jurisdiction statutes in Chapter 7A are controlling. The word “jurisdiction” in G.S.

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Related

In re the Estate of Collins
293 S.E.2d 835 (Court of Appeals of North Carolina, 1982)

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Bluebook (online)
221 S.E.2d 370, 28 N.C. App. 229, 1976 N.C. App. LEXIS 2655, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-the-estate-of-adamee-ncctapp-1976.