In Re SAS

200 S.W.3d 823, 2006 WL 2434306
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedAugust 24, 2006
Docket09-05-451 CV
StatusPublished

This text of 200 S.W.3d 823 (In Re SAS) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
In Re SAS, 200 S.W.3d 823, 2006 WL 2434306 (Tex. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinion

200 S.W.3d 823 (2006)

In the Interest of S.A.S. and M.I.S.

No. 09-05-451 CV.

Court of Appeals of Texas, Beaumont.

Submitted June 8, 2006.
Decided August 24, 2006.

*825 Stephanie J. Hall, The Woodlands, for appellant.

David K. Walker, County Atty., Suzanne Laechelin, Asst. County Atty., Conroe, J., for appellees.

Before McKEITHEN, C.J., GAULTNEY and HORTON, JJ.

OPINION

HOLLIS HORTON, Justice.

We must decide two issues in this parental-rights termination case. We must determine whether the jury instruction included an unconstitutional ground among several grounds used to terminate the mother's parental rights and whether the mother was denied the effective assistance of counsel. We overrule both issues raised by the mother and affirm the trial court.

I. BACKGROUND

Angela Ann Schiveley, Appellant, and her husband, Fred William Schiveley, are the parents of S.A.S. and M.I.S., the children who are the subject of this suit. After receipt and investigation of a complaint from one of the children, the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services (the "Department") immediately removed the children from Angela and Fred on March 30, 2004. The trial court subsequently approved the Department's emergency removal. On April 8, 2004, the trial court entered a temporary order following an adversary hearing, in which the court appointed separate counsel for both Angela and Fred. On June 7, 2004, following a status hearing, the trial court approved the Family Service Plan proposed by the Department and ordered that Angela and Fred comply with the service plan. Several permanency hearings occurred over the next several months. During this period, *826 Angela never complained of the requirements set forth in the plan.

The trial terminating Angela's and Fred's parental rights occurred in August of 2005. After each side presented its case, the trial court instructed the jury that it could terminate Angela's parental rights, if, by clear and convincing evidence, she engaged in at least one activity described in subsections (D), (E), (O), or (P) of Section 161.001(1) of the Texas Family Code, and the termination was in the best interest of the child. See Tex. Fam.Code Ann. §§ 161.001(1)(D), (E), (O), (P), 161.001(2) (Vernon Supp.2005). Angela did not object to the form of the charge. The jury returned its verdict on August 25, 2005, terminating Angela's and Fred's parental rights with respect to both S.A.S. and M.I.S. On September 19, 2005, the trial court entered its judgment.

Angela timely filed her first motion for new trial. The trial court denied her motion on October 5, 2005. Shortly thereafter, Angela filed her notice of appeal and first amended motion for new trial. On October 18, 2005, the trial court denied Angela's amended motion for new trial. No transcript of the hearing on the amended motion for new trial appears in the record despite a hearing date, time, and place provided in the notice of hearing attached to the amended motion for new trial. On that same date, the trial court also approved Angela's motion for substitution of counsel. No transcript of this hearing appears in the record.

Angela now brings this appeal complaining of two issues. First, Angela asserts the trial court erred in instructing the jury that it could consider violations of the family service plan, Section 161.001(1)(O) of the Texas Family Code, as grounds for terminating her parental rights. Second, Angela asserts that due to the ineffectiveness of her attorney, she failed to preserve error.

II. CONSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGE

Angela complains that section 161.001(1)(O) of the Texas Family Code is unconstitutional and its inclusion as a ground for termination caused her harm. Moreover, she asserts that she is prevented from demonstrating the harm because the jury charge included her failure to comply with the terms of the service plan as one of several other potential grounds upon which the jury could terminate her parental rights.

We give careful consideration when reviewing cases involving the termination of the parent-child relationship due to the fundamental constitutional rights involved. The Texas Supreme Court describes the relationship between a parent and child as a constitutionally protected natural right "far more precious than property rights." Holick v. Smith, 685 S.W.2d 18, 20 (Tex. 1985). Thus, we strictly construe involuntary termination statutes in favor of the parent. See id. Nevertheless, the constitutional dimension of the parent-child relationship does not override all procedural restrictions. See In re B.L.D., 113 S.W.3d 340, 354 (Tex.2003).

Generally, a party must make an objection to a proposed jury charge at trial to avoid waiving complaints about the charge. Tex.R. Civ. P. 274; Tex.R.App. P. 33.1(a)(1). Absent a recognized exception, even a constitutional complaint is waived if not properly preserved in the trial court. See B.L.D., 113 S.W.3d at 350; see also In re A.F., 113 S.W.3d 363, 364 (Tex.2003). Angela did not object to the jury charge at trial but now complains of the constitutionality of section 161.001(1)(O) of the Texas Family Code as a ground for termination. To avoid waiver, Angela asserts that this provision of the statute is facially unconstitutional, *827 and in the alternative, that we should review the constitutionality of this provision under the Fourteenth Amendment for procedural due process or under the fundamental-error doctrine. We review the facial challenge and other procedural preservation rules separately below.

A. Facial Challenge

As stated above, as a general rule, we will not review unpreserved error; even one containing constitutional challenges. See B.L.D., 113 S.W.3d at 350. Even if a facial challenge is an exception to the general rule regarding error preservation, a matter that is currently arguable, Angela's argument that the statute is facially invalid is not persuasive. See In re Commitment of Fisher, 164 S.W.3d 637, 654 (Tex.2005). However, when addressing whether a statute is facially unconstitutional, it is important to note, that "[a] facial challenge to a statute is the most difficult challenge to mount successfully because the challenger must establish that no set of circumstances exists under which the statute will be valid." Santikos v. State, 836 S.W.2d 631, 633 (Tex.Crim.App. 1992) (citing United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739, 745, 107 S.Ct. 2095, 95 L.Ed.2d 697 (1987)); see also Wilson v. Andrews, 10 S.W.3d 663, 670 (Tex.1999). Thus, a challenger must establish that the statute always operates unconstitutionally. That a statute could be unconstitutional "`under some conceivable set of circumstances is insufficient to render it wholly invalid, since we have not recognized an "overbreadth" doctrine outside the limited context of the First Amendment.'" B.S.W., 87 S.W.3d at 771 (quoting Salerno,

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Related

Mathews v. Eldridge
424 U.S. 319 (Supreme Court, 1976)
Strickland v. Washington
466 U.S. 668 (Supreme Court, 1984)
United States v. Salerno
481 U.S. 739 (Supreme Court, 1987)
In Re Commitment of Fisher
164 S.W.3d 637 (Texas Supreme Court, 2005)
Wilson v. Andrews
10 S.W.3d 663 (Texas Supreme Court, 1999)
Holick v. Smith
685 S.W.2d 18 (Texas Supreme Court, 1985)
Santikos v. State
836 S.W.2d 631 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1992)
Walker v. Gutierrez
111 S.W.3d 56 (Texas Supreme Court, 2003)
General Services Commission v. Little-Tex Insulation Co.
39 S.W.3d 591 (Texas Supreme Court, 2001)
Thompson v. State
9 S.W.3d 808 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 1999)
Garcia v. State
57 S.W.3d 436 (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas, 2001)
Texas Boll Weevil Eradication Foundation, Inc. v. Lewellen
952 S.W.2d 454 (Texas Supreme Court, 1997)
in the Interest of S.A.S. and M.I.S.
200 S.W.3d 823 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 2006)
In the Interest of B.L.D.
113 S.W.3d 340 (Texas Supreme Court, 2003)
In the Interest of A.F.
113 S.W.3d 363 (Texas Supreme Court, 2003)
In the Interest of M.S.
115 S.W.3d 534 (Texas Supreme Court, 2003)

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Bluebook (online)
200 S.W.3d 823, 2006 WL 2434306, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/in-re-sas-texapp-2006.