07-9054-am In re Gell
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT=S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ASUMMARY ORDER@). A PARTY CITING TO A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on the 29th day of May, two thousand twenty.
PRESENT: José A. Cabranes, Robert D. Sack, Richard C. Wesley, Circuit Judges. _____________________________________
In re Amy Gell, also known as Amy Lauren Nussbaum, 1 07-9054-am
Attorney. ORDER OF GRIEVANCE PANEL
_____________________________________
FOR AMY GELL: Hal R. Lieberman, Esq., Emery Celli Brinckerhoff & Abady LLP, New York, New York.
1 Gell is admitted to the bars of New York State and this Court as Amy Lauren Nussbaum. She has used the names Amy Nussbaum Gell and Amy Lauren Nussbaum Gell in this Court. This Court’s Committee on Admissions and Grievances (the “Committee”) has recommended
that Amy Gell be disciplined for her misconduct in this Court and that she be permitted to voluntarily
withdraw from the bar of this Court. Gell does not object to those recommendations. Upon due
consideration, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that Amy Gell be and
hereby is PUBLICLY REPRIMANDED for engaging in conduct unbecoming a member of the bar.
It is further ORDERED that Gell is granted leave to voluntarily withdraw from the Court’s bar.
I. Overview and Summary of Proceedings
Gell was admitted to the New York State bar in 1987, and to this Court’s bar in 2006. In 2010,
she was publicly reprimanded by this Court, primarily for “fail[ing] to comply with the Court’s
scheduling orders, resulting in the dismissal of a substantial number of cases.” In re Gell, No. 07-9054-
am, 2010 WL 4942215, at *1 (2d Cir. Dec. 7, 2010) (summary order).
In August 2017, Gell was again referred to this panel, based on her defaults in additional cases
in this Court. After ordering Gell to address the new defaults and considering her response, we
referred her to the Committee for further investigation of her conduct in both this Court and a federal
immigration agency, and for preparation of a report on whether she should be subject to disciplinary or
other corrective measures. During the Committee’s proceedings, Gell had the opportunity to address
the matters discussed in our referral order and to testify under oath at a hearing held before Committee
members Paul C. Curnin, Terrence M. Connors, and the Honorable Howard A. Levine. Thereafter,
the Committee filed with the Court the record of the Committee’s proceedings and its report and
recommendations.
In its report, the Committee found clear and convincing evidence that Gell had engaged in a
pattern of misconduct warranting the imposition of discipline, primarily based on her failure to timely
2 file required documents in over 40 appeals, resulting in dismissal of six appeals. See Report at 5-11, 13-
14. After considering several mitigating and aggravating factors, id. at 11-14, the Committee
recommended that Gell be publicly reprimanded and that she be permitted to voluntarily withdraw
from the bar of this Court, id. at 14-15.
In response to the Committee’s report, Gell states “that she does not object to any aspect of
the Committee’s findings with respect to her appellate practice before the Second Circuit,” or to its
recommendation on discipline, or to its recommendation that she be permitted to voluntarily withdraw
from the Court’s bar. Response at 1, 5-6. However, Gell disagrees with the Committee’s
determination that her conduct before the immigration agency demonstrates that there is a pattern of
misconduct that goes beyond her practice in this Court. Id. at 3-5, 6.
II. Discussion
“We give ‘particular deference’ to the factual findings of the Committee members who presided
over an attorney-disciplinary hearing where those findings are based on demeanor-based credibility
determinations, and ‘somewhat lesser deference’ to credibility findings based on an analysis of a
witness’s testimony.” In re Gordon, 780 F.3d 156, 158 (2d Cir. 2015). “The Committee members who
preside over a hearing are ‘in the best position to evaluate a witness’s demeanor and tone of voice as
well as other mannerisms that bear heavily on one’s belief in what the witness says.’” Id. (quoting
Donato v. Plainview-Old Bethpage Cent. Sch. Dist., 96 F.3d 623, 634 (2d Cir. 1996)). In general, the
credibility determinations of the presiding Committee members will not be overruled unless they are
clearly erroneous. Id. “Where there are two permissible views of the evidence, the factfinder’s choice
between them cannot be clearly erroneous.” United States v. Murphy, 703 F.3d 182, 188 (2d Cir. 2012).
We accept the Committee’s credibility determinations and its other factual findings, as they are
not clearly erroneous. While we also accept the Committee’s recommended disposition, a public 3 reprimand, we note that Gell’s new misconduct in this Court would ordinarily warrant a period of
suspension. The misconduct covered by the present proceeding cannot be viewed in isolation; it comes
after Gell was previously reprimanded by this Court for similar misconduct. Gell’s failure to fully heed
the warning provided by that prior public reprimand is a significant aggravating factor. However, we
agree that the mitigating factors discussed by the Committee are strong enough that a public reprimand
should be imposed rather than a suspension.
Among the mitigating factors we have considered is Gell’s decision to request voluntary
withdrawal from this Court’s bar. In some cases, withdrawal from the bar has been viewed as an
attempted evasive maneuver, a means by which an attorney can avoid disciplinary measures. See, e.g.,
In re Saghir, 595 F.3d 472, 474 (2d Cir. 2010) (“Just as an attorney who practices in this Court may not
evade this Court’s disciplinary authority by failing to first become a member of this Court’s bar, an
attorney likewise may not evade that disciplinary authority through strategic withdrawal after disciplinary
proceedings have commenced.” (internal citation omitted)). In the present case, we view Gell’s request
as a remedial measure that reduces her caseload and refocuses her practice in a forum in which she is
more comfortable, the administrative immigration courts. 2
We also accord significant weight to the character and fitness testimony provided by two retired
immigration judges, which the Committee found “unusually compelling” and “particularly strong.”
Report at 1, 12, 14; see Hearing Transcript at 64-95 (testimony of character and fitness witnesses).
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07-9054-am In re Gell
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT=S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ASUMMARY ORDER@). A PARTY CITING TO A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on the 29th day of May, two thousand twenty.
PRESENT: José A. Cabranes, Robert D. Sack, Richard C. Wesley, Circuit Judges. _____________________________________
In re Amy Gell, also known as Amy Lauren Nussbaum, 1 07-9054-am
Attorney. ORDER OF GRIEVANCE PANEL
_____________________________________
FOR AMY GELL: Hal R. Lieberman, Esq., Emery Celli Brinckerhoff & Abady LLP, New York, New York.
1 Gell is admitted to the bars of New York State and this Court as Amy Lauren Nussbaum. She has used the names Amy Nussbaum Gell and Amy Lauren Nussbaum Gell in this Court. This Court’s Committee on Admissions and Grievances (the “Committee”) has recommended
that Amy Gell be disciplined for her misconduct in this Court and that she be permitted to voluntarily
withdraw from the bar of this Court. Gell does not object to those recommendations. Upon due
consideration, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that Amy Gell be and
hereby is PUBLICLY REPRIMANDED for engaging in conduct unbecoming a member of the bar.
It is further ORDERED that Gell is granted leave to voluntarily withdraw from the Court’s bar.
I. Overview and Summary of Proceedings
Gell was admitted to the New York State bar in 1987, and to this Court’s bar in 2006. In 2010,
she was publicly reprimanded by this Court, primarily for “fail[ing] to comply with the Court’s
scheduling orders, resulting in the dismissal of a substantial number of cases.” In re Gell, No. 07-9054-
am, 2010 WL 4942215, at *1 (2d Cir. Dec. 7, 2010) (summary order).
In August 2017, Gell was again referred to this panel, based on her defaults in additional cases
in this Court. After ordering Gell to address the new defaults and considering her response, we
referred her to the Committee for further investigation of her conduct in both this Court and a federal
immigration agency, and for preparation of a report on whether she should be subject to disciplinary or
other corrective measures. During the Committee’s proceedings, Gell had the opportunity to address
the matters discussed in our referral order and to testify under oath at a hearing held before Committee
members Paul C. Curnin, Terrence M. Connors, and the Honorable Howard A. Levine. Thereafter,
the Committee filed with the Court the record of the Committee’s proceedings and its report and
recommendations.
In its report, the Committee found clear and convincing evidence that Gell had engaged in a
pattern of misconduct warranting the imposition of discipline, primarily based on her failure to timely
2 file required documents in over 40 appeals, resulting in dismissal of six appeals. See Report at 5-11, 13-
14. After considering several mitigating and aggravating factors, id. at 11-14, the Committee
recommended that Gell be publicly reprimanded and that she be permitted to voluntarily withdraw
from the bar of this Court, id. at 14-15.
In response to the Committee’s report, Gell states “that she does not object to any aspect of
the Committee’s findings with respect to her appellate practice before the Second Circuit,” or to its
recommendation on discipline, or to its recommendation that she be permitted to voluntarily withdraw
from the Court’s bar. Response at 1, 5-6. However, Gell disagrees with the Committee’s
determination that her conduct before the immigration agency demonstrates that there is a pattern of
misconduct that goes beyond her practice in this Court. Id. at 3-5, 6.
II. Discussion
“We give ‘particular deference’ to the factual findings of the Committee members who presided
over an attorney-disciplinary hearing where those findings are based on demeanor-based credibility
determinations, and ‘somewhat lesser deference’ to credibility findings based on an analysis of a
witness’s testimony.” In re Gordon, 780 F.3d 156, 158 (2d Cir. 2015). “The Committee members who
preside over a hearing are ‘in the best position to evaluate a witness’s demeanor and tone of voice as
well as other mannerisms that bear heavily on one’s belief in what the witness says.’” Id. (quoting
Donato v. Plainview-Old Bethpage Cent. Sch. Dist., 96 F.3d 623, 634 (2d Cir. 1996)). In general, the
credibility determinations of the presiding Committee members will not be overruled unless they are
clearly erroneous. Id. “Where there are two permissible views of the evidence, the factfinder’s choice
between them cannot be clearly erroneous.” United States v. Murphy, 703 F.3d 182, 188 (2d Cir. 2012).
We accept the Committee’s credibility determinations and its other factual findings, as they are
not clearly erroneous. While we also accept the Committee’s recommended disposition, a public 3 reprimand, we note that Gell’s new misconduct in this Court would ordinarily warrant a period of
suspension. The misconduct covered by the present proceeding cannot be viewed in isolation; it comes
after Gell was previously reprimanded by this Court for similar misconduct. Gell’s failure to fully heed
the warning provided by that prior public reprimand is a significant aggravating factor. However, we
agree that the mitigating factors discussed by the Committee are strong enough that a public reprimand
should be imposed rather than a suspension.
Among the mitigating factors we have considered is Gell’s decision to request voluntary
withdrawal from this Court’s bar. In some cases, withdrawal from the bar has been viewed as an
attempted evasive maneuver, a means by which an attorney can avoid disciplinary measures. See, e.g.,
In re Saghir, 595 F.3d 472, 474 (2d Cir. 2010) (“Just as an attorney who practices in this Court may not
evade this Court’s disciplinary authority by failing to first become a member of this Court’s bar, an
attorney likewise may not evade that disciplinary authority through strategic withdrawal after disciplinary
proceedings have commenced.” (internal citation omitted)). In the present case, we view Gell’s request
as a remedial measure that reduces her caseload and refocuses her practice in a forum in which she is
more comfortable, the administrative immigration courts. 2
We also accord significant weight to the character and fitness testimony provided by two retired
immigration judges, which the Committee found “unusually compelling” and “particularly strong.”
Report at 1, 12, 14; see Hearing Transcript at 64-95 (testimony of character and fitness witnesses).
Upon due consideration of the Committee’s report, the underlying record, and Gell’s response
to the report, we adopt the Committee’s findings and recommendations, as supplemented by the above
2 One might conclude that, as a practical matter, withdrawal moots the issue of whether a suspension is appropriate. However, since leave of the Court is required before an attorney may withdraw during a disciplinary proceeding, we do not see this as a moot issue in the present case. 4 discussion, and publicly reprimand Gell. However, in reaching this conclusion, we express no opinion
about Gell’s conduct before the immigration agency; the public reprimand we impose is based on her
misconduct in this Court alone.
III. Request for Leave to Withdraw from the Court’s Bar
As suggested above, Gell stated during the Committee’s proceedings and in her response to the
Committee’s report that she wished to voluntarily withdraw from this Court’s bar and to refocus her
practice on representing clients at the agency level. See, e.g., Report at 1, 3, 14; Response at 1, 5-6. We
construe those statements as a motion to this panel for leave to voluntarily withdraw from the Court’s
bar.
An attorney who is the subject of a disciplinary proceeding in this Court may resign from the
Court’s bar upon obtaining leave of the Court. In re Saghir, 595 F.3d at 473–74; In re Yan Wang, 389 F.
App’x 2, 4 (2d Cir. 2010). For the reasons noted by the Committee, we grant Gell leave to withdraw.
The circumstances are significantly different from those in Saghir and In re Jaffe, 585 F.3d 118 (2d Cir.
2009), where leave to withdraw was denied. Since we are publicly reprimanding Gell, she is not
avoiding discipline by resigning from the Court’s bar, and the public, the bar, and other courts and
agencies are unlikely to be misled about the resolution of this disciplinary proceeding. See In re
Warburgh, 644 F.3d 173, 182 (2d Cir. 2011) (granting leave to withdraw from bar; discussing relevant
factors); Yan Wang, 389 F. App’x at 4 (same); cf. Jaffe, 585 F.3d at 125 (denying leave).
IV. Notice to Public and Other Courts
The Clerk of Court is directed to release this decision to the public by posting it on this Court’s
web site and providing copies to the public in the same manner as all other unpublished decisions of
5 this Court. Copies are to be served on Gell and to all courts and jurisdictions to which this Court
distributes disciplinary decisions in the ordinary course. 3
FOR THE COURT: Catherine O=Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court
3 Because the Committee’s report and other documents in the record disclose medical and other personal information, the report and remainder of the record will remain confidential. However, counsel to this panel is authorized to provide, upon request, all documents from the record of this proceeding to other courts and attorney disciplinary authorities. While we request that those documents remain confidential to the extent circumstances allow, we of course leave to the discretion of those other courts and disciplinary authorities the decision of whether specific documents, or portions of documents, should be made available to any person or the public.