In Re Courtney Rae Hudson v. Arkansas Administrative Office of the Courts; Supreme Court Office of Professional Conduct; Marty Sullivan, Executive Director of the Administrative Office of the Courts; And Charlene Fleetwood, Acting Director of the Office of Professional Conduct

2024 Ark. 134

• Court: Supreme Court of Arkansas
• Decided: September 24, 2024
• Status: Published

Opinion

Cite as 2024 Ark. 134 SUPREME COURT OF ARKANSAS Opinion Delivered: September 24, 2024 IN RE COURTNEY RAE HUDSON V. ARKANSAS ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF THE COURTS; SUPREME COURT OFFICE OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT; MARTY SULLIVAN, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF THE COURTS; AND CHARLENE FLEETWOOD, ACTING DIRECTOR AN ORDER UNDER THE SUPREME OF THE OFFICE OF PROFESSIONAL COURT’S SUPERINTENDING CONDUCT AUTHORITY

PER CURIAM

Amendment 80, section 4 of the Arkansas Constitution states that “[t]he Supreme

Court shall exercise general superintending control over all courts of the state[.]” Pursuant

to Amendment 80, section 4, this court issues the following per curiam opinion in the

matter of Courtney Rae Hudson v. Arkansas Administrative Office of the Courts; Supreme Court

Office of Professional Conduct; Marty Sullivan, Executive Director of the Administrative Office of the

Courts; and Charlene Fleetwood, Acting Director of the Office of Professional Conduct, Case No.

60CV-24-7576, currently before the Honorable Patricia Ann James of the Pulaski County

Circuit Court. For the reasons set forth below, and pursuant to this court’s “general

superintending control” and authority granted by Amendment 80, section 4 of the Arkansas

Constitution, we vacate the circuit court’s order granting preliminary injunctive relief and

dismiss the pending civil action with prejudice. On August 23, 2024, Marty Sullivan (“Sullivan”), Executive Director of the

Administrative Office of the Courts (the “AOC”), and Charlene Fleetwood (“Fleetwood”),

Acting Director of the Office of Professional Conduct (the “OPC”), received a Freedom of

Information Act request (“FOIA request”) from Mark Friedman (“Friedman”), Senior

Editor of Arkansas Business, for “[a]ny and all communications” sent after January 1, 2023,

between (1) Lisa Ballard, the former executive director of the OPC, and Allison Hatfield;

(2) Lisa Ballard and Justice Courtney Hudson; (3) Lisa Ballard and Anne Laidlaw; (4) Lisa

Ballard and Linda Napper; and (5) Lisa Ballard and Doug Smith.

Ultimately, because the OPC is governed by the Supreme Court of Arkansas

pursuant to Procedures of the Arkansas Supreme Court Regulating Professional Conduct

of Attorneys at Law, this court held a confidential vote on an administrative matter

pertaining to the release of emails, pursuant to Friedman’s FOIA request, from Ballard to

Justice Hudson. The court’s vote did not concern any communications from Justice Hudson

to any party, as those communications are subject to a FOIA exemption set forth in Arkansas

Code Annotated section 25-19-105(b)(7) (Repl. 2024). As revealed in the circuit court

pleadings, five justices voted to authorize Fleetwood to release the emails from Ballard to

Justice Hudson.

On September 6, 2024, Justice Hudson filed suit in the Pulaski County Circuit Court

seeking an injunction prohibiting the AOC, the OPC, Sullivan, and Fleetwood from

producing materials in response to Friedman’s FOIA request. On September 6, 2024, the

circuit court entered an ex parte temporary restraining order pursuant to Rule 65(b) of the

Arkansas Rules of Civil Procedure. On September 18, 2024, Justice Hudson filed a brief in

2 support of preliminary injunction and attached six exhibits. Among those exhibits were two

confidential, unredacted, unsealed emails from Chief Justice John Dan Kemp to the six

associate justices concerning the court’s confidential vote on the FOIA matter. On

September 18, 2024, the circuit court held a hearing, and on September 23, 2024, the circuit

court granted Justice Hudson’s request for a preliminary injunction under Rule 65.

This court is exercising its superintending authority under Amendment 80, section

4 of the Arkansas Constitution. E.g., Steinbuch v. Pulaski Cnty. Cir. Ct., 2024 Ark. 101, at

5, 689 S.W.3d 56, 59; Parker v. Crow, 2010 Ark. 371, at 5, 368 S.W.3d 902, 906

(“Superintending control is an extraordinary power that is hampered by no specific rules or

means. By virtue of the jurisdiction, the court may invent, frame, and formulate new and

additional means, writs, and processes.”).

Here, an inferior court has purported to indirectly stay an administrative action of

the supreme court by issuing an injunction against employees and entities under the control

of this court. The pleadings and exhibits contain information on their face that should have

put the circuit court on notice that this matter involved an internal administrative issue over

which the circuit court has no jurisdiction. To allow a circuit court to stay enforcement of

the supreme court’s decisions would usurp the supreme court’s authority guaranteed by the

Arkansas Constitution. See, e.g., Steinbuch, 2024 Ark. 101, at 6, 689 S.W.3d at 60. It would

also allow any dissenting justice to halt the administration of the supreme court by seeking

additional review whenever he or she disagrees with an internal court decision. This specific

action undermines the confidence in the judiciary and subverts the efficient and effective

administration of justice. In this unique set of circumstances, the circuit court’s action

3 requires us to assert our extraordinary power of superintending control, pursuant to

Amendment 80, section 4 of the Arkansas Constitution.

Therefore, we order that the circuit court’s September 23 order on preliminary

injunctive relief pursuant to Rule 65 is hereby vacated, and we dismiss the underlying

complaint with prejudice for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction. The Clerk of the Supreme

Court of Arkansas shall cause a mandate to be issued in that case number.

Because this case implicates potential violations of the Arkansas Code of Judicial

Conduct and the Arkansas Rules of Professional Conduct, particularly the flagrant breaches

of confidentiality and the public trust, we refer Justice Hudson to the Arkansas Judicial

Discipline and Disability Commission for investigation and refer Justin Zachary of Denton,

Zachary & Norwood PLLC to the Office of Professional Conduct for investigation.

It is hereby ORDERED.

Mandate to issue immediately.

BAKER and HUDSON, JJ., dissent with written opinions to follow.