Housing Authority v. Silva

972 P.2d 952, 94 Wash. App. 731
CourtCourt of Appeals of Washington
DecidedMarch 15, 1999
Docket42676-1-I
StatusPublished
Cited by20 cases

This text of 972 P.2d 952 (Housing Authority v. Silva) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Washington primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Housing Authority v. Silva, 972 P.2d 952, 94 Wash. App. 731 (Wash. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

Coleman, J.

— Anthony Silva appeals the judgment against him in an unlawful detainer action, contending that his landlord, the Seattle Housing Authority (SHA), did not provide him with proper notice of his eviction and did not satisfy Seattle’s just cause eviction ordinance, Seattle Municipal Code (SMC) 22.206.160(C). Silva also contends that the SHA unlawfully discriminated against him by refusing to reasonably accommodate his disability. We find that the SHA satisfied the jurisdictional requirement of proper notice but did not comply with the ordinance’s just cause provision. Therefore, we conclude that Silva is entitled to remain in possession, and we reverse.

FACTS

Anthony Silva resides in a public housing complex owned by the SHA. In accordance with federal regulations, Silva’s rental agreement provides that his tenancy may be terminated only for “serious or repeated breaches” of his material obligations under the agreement.

In July 1994, the SHA served Silva with a notice stating that he had engaged in disruptive behavior in violation of his rental agreement and demanding compliance with the agreement or surrender of the property within 10 days. The July 1994 notice indicated that Silva had “agreed to seek help with the issues that are going on with [him,] and stated that there [has] been some confusion.” SHA subsequently referred Silva for mental health assessment, monitoring, and other services.

In November 1994, Silva received a second 10-day notice *733 to comply or vacate for his failure to cooperate with a mandatory roach spray. In 1995, SHA again referred Silva for monitoring, noting that Silva was mentally disabled and that his behavior was negatively affected by his heavy drinking.

In September 1997, Silva received a third 10-day notice for verbally harassing another tenant and a child. Silva subsequently received a fourth 10-day notice on October 13 for being abusive and intoxicated and for breaking a door off its hinges. An SHA community manager later referred Silva for chemical dependency counseling.

In December 1997, Silva left his bathroom sink running for several hours, damaging his unit, two other units, and the management office. That night, when the resident manager spoke to Silva about the problem, Silva was incoherent and appeared intoxicated. The SHA issued Silva a 30-day notice terminating his lease. The notice summarized the incidents that had provoked the four prior 10-day notices to comply or vacate, stating, “Despite numerous conferences, verbal and written notifications; You have continued to display behavior which threatens to be dangerous, destructive and unreasonably interferes with other residents. You have not [co]mplied with previous 10 day notices, conferences, referrals for treatment. . . . You have habitually failed to comply [with] the Seattle Housing Authority SHA 50 Dwelling Lease.”

After Silva failed to vacate within the time period provided by the termination notice, the SHA commenced unlawful detainer proceedings. At a show cause hearing, Silva argued that the SHA had not complied with state and local notice requirements and had unlawfully discriminated against him by refusing to reasonably accommodate his disability. The court commissioner rejected Silva’s arguments and issued a writ restoring possession to the SHA, which was stayed pending Silva’s motion to revise. On revision, the Superior Court upheld the commissioner’s ruling *734 and lifted the stay. Silva posted a bond to stay execution of the writ pending this appeal.

ISSUES

Statutory Notice

Silva contends the trial court lacked jurisdiction over the unlawful detainer action because he was not given proper notice of his eviction. The unlawful detainer statutes create a special, summary proceeding for the recovery of possession of real property. See Housing Auth. v. Terry, 114 Wn.2d 558, 563, 789 P.2d 745 (1990), (citing Wilson v. Daniels, 31 Wn.2d 633, 643-44, 198 P.2d 496 (1948)). The statutes are in derogation of the common law and thus are strictly construed in. favor of the tenant. Terry, 114 Wn.2d at 563. The statutes permit a landlord to commence eviction proceedings based upon certain tenant breaches or violations but require the landlord to provide the tenant with proper notice. RCW 59.12.030(3)-(5), (7). Failure to comply with the notice requirement defeats the court’s jurisdiction over the action. See Terry, 114 Wn.2d at 564 (citing Sowers v. Lewis, 49 Wn.2d 891, 894, 307 P.2d 1064 (1957)); Kessler v. Nielsen, 3 Wn. App. 120, 123, 472 P.2d 616 (1970).

Erior to the commencement of any action based upon the tenant’s breach of a lease covenant, the tenant must be given notice of an opportunity to perform the covenant and avoid eviction. RCW 59.12.030(3) (requiring three days’ notice for a default in rent); RCW 59.12.030(4) (requiring 10 days’ notice for breach of any other covenant); Terry, 114 Wn.2d at 564. Here, Silva received several 10-day notices that provided him with the opportunity to cure his lease violations and avoid eviction, but he repeatedly failed to comply with the requirements of his rental agreement. Nevertheless, Silva contends the SHA could not commence an unlawful detainer action without giving him another opportunity to comply, relying on our Supreme Court’s decision in Terry. In Terry, the Everett Housing Authority sent *735 a termination notice to a disabled tenant who had repeatedly violated a series of protection orders that a neighbor had obtained against him. Terry, 114 Wn.2d at 561. The court held that the notice did not satisfy the statutory requirement, but rejected the argument that application of the requirement would defeat any action brought against a tenant who repeatedly breaches a lease covenant. Noting that the tenant in Terry had no opportunity to correct his violation before his tenancy was terminated, the court stated:

The question whether a landlord’s efforts to evict under the statute may be permanently frustrated is not properly before the court at this time. Because of the deficient notice, Mr. Terry was not given an initial opportunity to correct his behavior. The Legislature has provided for a tenant to have at least one opportunity to correct a breach before forfeiture of a lease under the accelerated restitution provisions of RCW 59.12.

Terry, 114

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972 P.2d 952, 94 Wash. App. 731, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/housing-authority-v-silva-washctapp-1999.