Household Finance Corp. v. Hawley

111 Misc. 2d 178, 441 N.Y.S.2d 849, 1981 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 3245
CourtNew York Supreme Court
DecidedMay 7, 1981
StatusPublished

This text of 111 Misc. 2d 178 (Household Finance Corp. v. Hawley) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New York Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Household Finance Corp. v. Hawley, 111 Misc. 2d 178, 441 N.Y.S.2d 849, 1981 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 3245 (N.Y. Super. Ct. 1981).

Opinion

OPINION OF THE COURT

Richard F. Kuhnen, J.

In this action to recover a balance of $1,117.79 and interest alleged to be owing on a promissory note plaintiff moves for summary judgment. Defendants cross-move for summary judgment on their counterclaims for offsets pursuant to subdivision (a) of section 1640 of title 15 of the United States Code.

The balance owing, although denied by the answer, is not placed in issue on this motion by the answering affidavit. The basis of defendants’ motion is that the loan document violates various provisions of the Federal Truth in Lending Act (US Code, tit 15, § 1601 et seq.), particularly regulation Z (12 CFR Part 226). These regulations have been incorporated into New York State law by section 353 of the Banking Law.

[179]*179The first challenge under the statute is “that the agreement states that there is no security agreement given, but further states that the plaintiff may use any insurance benefits under the contract to pay amounts due and owing. This is a violation of section 226.6 of Regulation Z.” This contention is amplified in the affidavit submitted by defendants’ counsel in which he states: “7. It is the defendants’ argument that the statement in the disclosure box at the top of the Loan Instrument to the effect that there was no security agreement is both contradictory and misleading to the average consumer when read in conjunction with the security interest being taken by the paragraph at the bottom of the Loan Instrument.”

The reference is to a box near the top of the instrument, printed in heavy black outline, containing a printed caption “security agreement”. The typed word “no” has been inserted in the box.

Section 9-105 (subd [1], par [l]) of the Uniform Commercial Code defines a “security agreement” as “an agreement which creates or provides for a security interest”. A “security interest” is defined by subdivision (37) of section 1-201 of the Uniform Commercial Code as “an interest in personal property or fixtures which secures payment or performance of an obligation”.

The insertion of the word “no” in the box would seem to be a. clear indication that no agreement is claimed to have been entered into between the parties “which creates or provides for a security interest”.

Nevertheless, in a separate paragraph, the ninth and last on the instrument and entitled “security”, the following appears: “security. (1) You may use any insurance benefits under this contract to pay amounts I owe”.

The position of defendants is that the provision for the use of any insurance benefits under the contract to pay any amounts owed is inconsistent with the statement that there is no security agreement. As counsel for defendants states in his memorandum, “It is the crux of this case that this retention of a security interest by the creditor, pursuant to a document which claims at the top to provide for no security agreement, is not a clear, conspicuous and meaningful disclosure of the terms of credit to the consumer”.

[180]*180We are inclined to agree. Relying upon the assurance that there is no security agreement, based upon the “no” in the box, a borrower might understandably skip the reading of the paragraph entitled “security”.

We hold therefore that this apparent inconsistency does not constitute a compliance with the clarity demanded by the Truth in Lending Act. Regulation Z of that act (12 CFR 226.6 [a]) states: “The disclosures required to be given by this part shall be made clearly, conspicuously, in meaningful sequence”. Among the disclosures required is that having to do with security interests. Section 226.8 (b) (5) of title 12 of the Code of Federal Regulations requires “a clear identification of the property to which the security interest relates”.

The failure of the instrument to comply with the act, as pointed out, entitles defendants to an offset under section 1640 of title 15 of the United States Code in an amount of $862.38, representing twice the amount of the finance charge in connection with the transaction.

The second challenge made in defendants’ answer is: “7. That the insurance premiums were included in the amount financed without obtaining the election of both defendants indicating a voluntary desire to have credit insurance, violating Regulation Z § 226.4 (a) (5).”

The paragraph mentioned requires “[c]harges or premiums for credit, life, accident, health, or loss of income insurance, written in connection with any credit transaction” to be included in the finance charge unless “(ii) Any customer desiring such insurance coverage gives specific dated and separately signed affirmative written indication of such desire after receiving written disclosure to him of the cost of such insurance.” (12 CFR 226.4 [a] [5] [ii].)

In this case, defendant Allen R. Hawley did execute and sign a request for life and disability insurance and the cost was prominently listed on the form. According to plaintiff’s counsel, the insurance premium was excluded from the finance charge and, in any event, it was only the defendant Allen R. Hawley who elected to take the credit insurance and only his signature was necessary. Moreover, as counsel points out, where there are multiple borrowers, “the credi[181]*181tor * * * need furnish a statement of disclosures required by this Part to only one of them” (12 CFR 226.6 [e]; see Gantt v Commonwealth Loan Co., 573 F2d 520; Whitlock v Midwest Acceptance Corp., 449 F Supp 631, 641, revd 575 F2d 652). Defendants’ motion in this respect is therefore denied.

Defendants have also moved for permission to serve an amended answer setting up an additional violation of regulation Z, to wit, that “the terms ‘finance charge’ and ‘annual percentage rate’ are not printed more conspicuously than the other disclosure terms”.

Section 226.6 (a) of title 12 of the Code of Federal Regulations provides in part that: “where the terms ‘finance charge’ and ‘annual percentage rate’ are required to be used, they shall be printed more conspicuously than other terminology required by this part and all numerical amounts and percentages shall be stated in figures and shall be printed in not less than the equivalent of * * * elite size typewritten numerals, or shall be legibly handwritten.”

The loan document submitted is in full conformity with these provisions of the section. Both figures are contáined in boxes outlined in broad black borders, one box entitled in print “finance charge”, the other “annual percentage rate” and the figures typewritten in the boxes are in elite size. To permit the amendment of the answer requested would be merely to postpone a future motion by plaintiff for summary judgment which would have to be granted.

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Related

Anderson Bros. Ford v. Valencia
452 U.S. 205 (Supreme Court, 1981)
Whitlock v. Midwest Acceptance Corp.
449 F. Supp. 631 (E.D. Missouri, 1977)
Public Loan Co. v. Hyde
390 N.E.2d 1162 (New York Court of Appeals, 1979)

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Bluebook (online)
111 Misc. 2d 178, 441 N.Y.S.2d 849, 1981 N.Y. Misc. LEXIS 3245, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/household-finance-corp-v-hawley-nysupct-1981.