Hernandez v. State

905 P.2d 86, 127 Idaho 685, 1995 Ida. LEXIS 153
Idaho Supreme Court·Decided November 2, 1995·No. 22090·Published·Cited by 29 cases

Opinion

JOHNSON, Justice.

This is a post-conviction ease. The petitioner alleged ineffective assistance of counsel based on his attorney’s failure to file a petition for this Court to review a decision of our Court of Appeals. We conclude that the trial court properly dismissed the post-conviction petition because the petitioner did not show that the lack of a petition for review prejudiced him in seeking collateral review of his convictions and sentences by the federal courts.

I.

THE BACKGROUND AND PRIOR PROCEEDINGS

Raul D. Hernandez was convicted of three counts of delivering controlled substances and three counts of violating the 1989 version of the illegal drug stamp tax act (the drug stamp act). Hernandez appealed his convictions and sentences to this Court, which assigned the case to the Court of Appeals. The Court of Appeals upheld Hernandez’s convictions and sentences on the delivery charges, but vacated his convictions and sentences for the drug stamp act violations because this Court has previously ruled the drug stamp act was unconstitutional. State v. Hernandez, 120 Idaho 785, 791, 820 P.2d 380, 386 (Ct.App.1991).

Following the Court of Appeals’s decision, Hernandez’s attorney did not file a petition for review by this Court. Hernandez claims that no one informed him of the Court of Appeals’s decision in State v. Hernandez or that he had a right to petition this Court for review. Hernandez contends that he did not learn of his right to petition this Court for review until after the deadline for filing had passed.

In October 1993, Hernandez filed a pro se petition for post-conviction relief on the ground that he had been denied effective assistance of counsel in violation of his Sixth Amendment right. In his petition, Hernandez contended that his counsel’s failure to petition this Court for review was prejudicial because the exhaustion of state remedies requirement had not been fulfilled, and he therefore could not collaterally attack his convictions in federal court. After the trial court conditionally dismissed the post-conviction petition, the trial court appointed an attorney to represent Hernandez. In responding to the conditional dismissal, the attorney cited I.C. § 19-852 (1987) as a basis for Hernandez’s right to effective assistance of counsel.

*687 The trial court then dismissed Hernandez’s post-conviction petition, ruling that Hernandez had failed to show actual prejudice caused by his attorney’s conduct. Hernandez appealed, and this Court assigned the case to the Court of Appeals, which affirmed the trial court. The Court of Appeals ruled that Hernandez had a statutory right pursuant to I.C. § 19-852 to effective assistance of counsel in any appellate proceeding, but that only this Court has the power to waive the time limitation for filing a petition for review. We granted Hernandez’s petition for review.

II.

THE TRIAL COURT PROPERLY DISMISSED THE POST-CONVICTION PETITION BECAUSE HERNANDEZ DID NOT SHOW THAT INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL CAUSED PREJUDICE.

Hernandez asserts that the trial court should not have dismissed his post-conviction petition on the ground he had not shown that ineffective assistance of counsel caused him prejudice. We disagree.

We first note that we address this issue only under I.C. § 19-852 (1987) and not under federal or state constitutional guarantees. Although there is some tangential reference in Hernandez’s initial brief on appeal to a constitutional right to effective assistance of counsel, Hernandez invokes I.C. § 19-852 as the basis for his right here. In any event, because we conclude that Hernandez has a right to effective assistance of counsel in filing a petition for review pursuant to I.C. § 19-852, it is not necessary for us to address whether there is a similar federal constitutional right. Likewise, we do not address any state constitutional right to counsel, which was raised by Hernandez only in his reply brief on appeal. The Court will not address an issue raised only in the reply brief. State v. Raudebaugh, 124 Idaho 758, 763, 864 P.2d 596, 601 (1998).

We also do not address Hernandez’s claim premised on due process of law presented in support of his petition for review. We look to the initial brief on appeal, before the case was assigned to the Court of Appeals, for the issues presented on appeal.

Before addressing the merits of the appeal, we reject the state’s contention that Hernandez cannot bring his claim for relief under the Uniform Post-Conviction Procedure Act (UPCPA). The state cites Lee v. State, 122 Idaho 196, 832 P.2d 1131 (1992) in support of its position. Lee stands for the proposition that there is no relief under UPCPA “for a challenge to the effectiveness of counsel in the appeal stage from the first petition for post-conviction relief.” Id. at 198, 832 P.2d at 1133. Lee does not apply here because this is Hernandez’s first application for post-conviction relief. He is attacking his counsel’s performance on the direct appeal of his convictions and sentences, not his counsel’s performance in a post-conviction proceeding.

Turning to the substance of Hernandez’s claim, I.C. § 19-852 (1987) provides that a needy defendant has a right to appointed counsel in any appeal. This includes the right to counsel in filing a petition to this Court requesting review of a Court of Appeals decision. This statutory right to counsel would be a hollow right if it did not guarantee the defendant the right to effective assistance of counsel. Therefore, we look to cases where the Court has discussed the manner of proving ineffective assistance of counsel, even though the basis for the right in those cases was constitutional, not statutory. We can see no legitimate basis for determining whether there has been a violation of the right to effective assistance of counsel guaranteed by I.C. § 19-852 differently from determining whether there has been a violation of a similar constitutional right.

In Aragon v. State, 114 Idaho 758, 760, 760 P.2d 1174, 1176 (1988), the Court succinctly outlined the test necessary to prove ineffective assistance under the federal constitution:

First a claimant must prove that counsel’s performance was deficient. Second, a claimant must show that this deficient performance prejudiced his or her case.

The Court in Aragon also pointed out that prejudice is defined as “ ‘a reasonable proba *688 bility that, but for counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.’ ” Id. at 761, 760 P.2d at 1177 (quoting Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 694, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 2068, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984)).

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Hernandez v. State, 905 P.2d 86, 127 Idaho 685, 1995 Ida. LEXIS 153 (Idaho 1995).

905 P.2d 86 (Hernandez v. State) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

Related

Morley v. IDOL
Idaho Supreme Court, 2023
Heartsill v. State
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2022
Meister v. Davis
D. Idaho, 2020
Robert A. Richmond v. State
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2017
State v. Cara E. Williams
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2017
State v. Denise Frances Nesbitt
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2016
State v. Don Edward Collom
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2016
Usha Pandey Sharma v. Niraj Sharma
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2015
Duane R. Mueller v. Carolyn Hill
345 P.3d 998 (Idaho Supreme Court, 2015)
State v. William Jack Bias
341 P.3d 1264 (Idaho Court of Appeals, 2014)
Erick Virgil Hall v. State
315 P.3d 798 (Idaho Supreme Court, 2013)
Michael R. Parvin v. State
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2012
Jeffrey Trent Garner v. State
Idaho Court of Appeals, 2010
Smith v. State
203 P.3d 1221 (Idaho Supreme Court, 2009)
Monahan v. State
187 P.3d 1247 (Idaho Court of Appeals, 2008)
Cristo Viene Pentecostal Church v. Paz
160 P.3d 743 (Idaho Supreme Court, 2007)
Pierce v. State
121 P.3d 963 (Idaho Supreme Court, 2005)
Myers v. Workmen's Auto Insurance
95 P.3d 977 (Idaho Supreme Court, 2004)
Sun Valley Potato Growers, Inc. v. Texas Refinery Corp.
86 P.3d 475 (Idaho Supreme Court, 2004)
Struhs v. Protection Technologies, Inc.
992 P.2d 164 (Idaho Supreme Court, 1999)