Henderson v. Atlantic Coast Line Railroad

75 S.E. 1092, 159 N.C. 581, 1912 N.C. LEXIS 343

• Court: Supreme Court of North Carolina
• Decided: October 16, 1912
• Status: Published

Opinion

Allen, J.

Tbe only question presented by tbis appeal is whether there is any evidence fit to be submitted to the jury, and in considering it we cannot weigh the evidence for the purpose of seeing if it satisfies us of the ultimate fact sought to be proved, nor can we exercise the power, committed by law to the jury, of saying which theory arising upon the evidence shall be adopted.

Our duty is performed when we determine whether there is any evidence worthy of consideration, and in its,performance we are not permitted to accept a view of the evidence favorable to the defendant, as a jury would have the right to do, if one is presented which sustains the contention of the plaintiff, the law requiring us, on a motion to nonsuit, to give to the evidence the interpretation most favorable to the plaintiff.

If, so considered, the evidence does no more than “raise a possibility or conjecture of a fact,” a judgment of nonsuit ought to be sustained (Cobb v. Fogalman, 23 N. C., 440; Lewis v. Steamship Co., 132 N. C., 909), but if the “more reasonable probability” is in favor of the plaintiff’s contention, the question ought to be submitted to the jury. Fitzgerald v. R. R., 141 N. C., 535.

The statement of the law in this last case is pertinent. “It is very generally held that direct evidence of negligence is not required, but the same may be inferred from facts and attendant circumstances; and it is'well established that if the facts proved establish the more reasonable probability that the defendant has been guilty of actionable negligence, the case cannot be withdrawn from the jury, though the possibility of accident may arise on. the evidence. Thus in Shearman and Red-field on Negligence, sec. 58, it is said: ‘The plaintiff is not bound to prove more than enough to raise a fair presumption of negligence on the part of the defendant and of resulting injury to himself. Having done this, he is entitled to recover unless the defendant produces evidence to rebut the presumption. It has sometimes been held not sufficient for the plain tiff to establish a probability of the defendant’s default; but this is going too far. If the facts proved render it probable that the defendant violated its duty, it is for the jury to decide whether it did so or not. To hold otherwise would be to deny the value of circumstantial evidence. As already stated, the plaintiff is not required to prove his case beyond a reasonable doubt, though the facts shown must be' more consistent with the negligence of the defendant than the absence of it. It has never been suggested that evidence of negligence should be direct- and positive. In the nature of the case, the plaintiff must labor under difficulties in proving the fact of negligence, and as that fact is always a relative one, it is susceptible of proof by evidence of circumstances bearing more or less directly on the fact of negligence; a kind of evidence which might not be satisfactory in other classes of cases open to clear proof. This is on the general principle of the law of evidence which holds that to be sufficient and satisfactory evidence which satisfies an unprejudiced mind.’ ”

The allegation of negligence in the complaint is that the deceased was down on the track in an apparently helpless condition, and that the engineer of the defendant could have discovered him in time to stop the train before reaching him, by the exercise of ordinary, care.

The burden was on the plaintiff to prove the truth of this allegation and to establish in the minds of the jury: (1) that the deceased was down on the track in an apparently helpless condition; (2) that the engineer could have discovered him in time to stop the train before reaching him, by the exercise of ordinary care; (3) that he'failed to exercise such care, and as a direct result the deceased was killed. Clegg v. R. R., 132 N. C., 294.

Applying these principles, we are of opinion that there was error in entering the judgment of nonsuit, and we forbear from discussing the evidence at length, for fear we may present arguments in behalf of the plaintiff, without giving those favorable to the defendant.

It was in evidence that about two hours before the deceased was.killed, he was asleep in a path near the cross-ties; that he was awakened and went to Sabiston’s store near-by; that he remained at the store a short time, and went back to the railroad at Sabiston’s crossing1; that he was walking and went up the railroad in the direction his body was afterwards found; that he was drunk and staggering, one witness saying “both sides of the road was his”; that about two hours after leaving Sabiston’s crossing, his body was found near a trestle of the defendant, across Cary’s branch, which was about two miles from the crossing; that the head was severed from the body and was on one side of the track, and the body, according to one witness, on the other side, and according to another, between the rails, and an arm under the trestle; that the body was mangled, or, as one witness expressed it, “badly chewed up,” “badly mashed up”; that there was evidence of blood on the rail, a witness testifying:

Q. Did you see any blood, and where did you see it? A. That was on the north side of the trestle, and a bundle on this side — a bundle of overalls.

Q. What did you see on the roadbed? A. I didn’t see anything unusual except where the man was cut to pieces on the trestle.

Q. Where was that ? A. On the northeast side of the trestle.

Q. Eight on the side of it? A. You may say the first tie— right on the roadbed between the first and second tie. '

Q. With reference to the T iron,’ where was it? A. It must have been right over the T iron on the east side.

Q. How far did you see the evidence on the track from where you first observed the condition? A. Over there south, it was about half a dozen or eight ties as far as it was. He was cut right alongside of the rrestle after we crossed.

Q. Where was the head ? A. When I first observed the head it was down in the ditch.

Q. How far was that from the other edge of the trestle ? A. The head was north side of the trestle, eight or ten cross-ties from the trestle.

Q. Where was the body? A. Eight on the other side, just clear of the T iron.

Q. With, reference to tbe railroad track? A. Right side of tbe track, just clear of tbe track on tbe edge of tbe cross-ties, on this end.

Q. (Tbe Court:) Was any part of tbe body between the rails or outside tbe rails? A. To tbe best of nay recollection, tbe bead was on one side of tbe railroad in the ditch and the body was on tbe other side of tbe track, and tbe arm was down under tbe trestle. I believe tbe other arm was badly mangled; that the deceased was killed by a passenger train, which stopped a short distance beyond tbe body; that no whistle was sounded; that it was a clear day; that an object down on the track, about tbe place tbe defendant was killed, the size of a man could be seen from tbe direction tbe train was running 1,065 yards, and that it was a man, if one was on the track, a distance of 265 yards.

There is other evidence tending to establish the contention of the defendant.

His Honor properly excluded tbe statement of the engineer, made before tbe coroner, that be saw a man lying on his left side with bis hat on his bead, so he could not tell whether he was white or black. Southerland, v. R. R., 106 N. C., 100.

We are of opinion tbe plaintiff is entitled to have tbe evidence considered by a jury.

Reversed.