Harding v. Shi

2025 IL App (1st) 240317

• Court: Appellate Court of Illinois
• Decided: August 4, 2025
• Docket: 1-24-0317
• Status: Published

Opinion

2025 IL App (1st) 240317 No. 1-24-0317

FIRST DIVISION August 4, 2025

____________________________________________________________________________

IN THE APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT ____________________________________________________________________________

SHEARIE HARDING, ) Appeal from the Circuit Court of ) Cook County. ) Plaintiff-Appellant, ) ) v. ) No. 2023 M1-118353 ) MEIFANG SHI and RICHLAND GLOBAL, ) INC., ) ) The Honorable Defendants-Appellees. ) Stephen A. Swedlow, ) Judge Presiding. ____________________________________________________________________________

JUSTICE PUCINSKI delivered the judgment of the court, with opinion. Justices Cobbs and Lavin concurred in the judgment and opinion.

OPINION

¶1 Plaintiff, who formerly leased an apartment from defendant Meifang Shi, appeals from the

circuit court’s dismissal of her action, in which she alleged violations of the Chicago Residential

Landlord and Tenant Ordinance (RLTO) pertaining to security deposits. The trial court dismissed

the action after defendants provided proof that plaintiff’s former roommate paid the entirety of the

security deposit for the lease in question. For the following reasons, we affirm.

¶2 BACKGROUND 1-24-0317

¶3 In May 2023, plaintiff and Kenneth Turner (who is not a party to this action) together

executed a lease with defendant Shi (hereinafter landlord) to rent an apartment located at 3527

South Parnell Avenue in Chicago. The lease identified both plaintiff and Turner as tenants, and it

indicated that three children would also reside with them. Both plaintiff and Turner signed the

lease.

¶4 The lease specified a one-year term beginning on July 1, 2023, with monthly rent of $3100.

The lease also called for a payment of a security deposit of $5000, which was to be held by

defendant Richland Global, Inc. (Richland) on the landlord’s behalf.

¶5 It is undisputed that Turner paid the entire $5000 security deposit to Richland. The record

reflects that plaintiff and Turner moved into the premises in early July 2023.

¶6 Plaintiff Vacates the Premises and Demands Payment From the Landlord

¶7 On July 24, 2023, plaintiff’s counsel sent a letter to the landlord advising that plaintiff had

been the victim of domestic violence by a household member and, thus, “your lease with [plaintiff]

is terminated.” Plaintiff’s counsel indicated that she had left the apartment, but that Turner

continued to reside at the premises and remained obligated to pay rent.

¶8 In the same letter, plaintiff’s counsel demanded return of the $5,000 security deposit plus

additional penalties and fees totaling $16,500. Plaintiff’s counsel alleged that the landlord had

failed to disclose information about the bank holding the security deposit or to provide a receipt,

in violation of RLTO section 5-12-080. Chicago Municipal Code § 5-12-080 (amended July 28,

2010). Plaintiff’s counsel stated: “The penalty under the law is two times the deposit amount plus

attorney fees and immediate return of the deposit. Therefore, demand is now made for this security

deposit violation of $10,000.00 plus return of deposit of $5000.00 for a total of $15,000.00.”

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Plaintiff’s counsel stated that he had incurred $1,500 in fees and thus “the total demand is

$16,500.”

¶9 Landlord Releases Plaintiff From the Lease but Denies Any Further Obligation

¶ 10 On August 4, 2023, the landlord responded by letter from its counsel to plaintiff’s counsel.

The landlord stated it had no objection to termination of the lease with respect to plaintiff, and the

landlord “agree[d] to release [plaintiff] from any further obligation or liability pursuant to the

lease.” However, the landlord stated it would not terminate the lease with respect to Turner.

¶ 11 Regarding the security deposit, landlord’s counsel stated that it had been paid by Turner.

Attached to the letter was a receipt from Richland indicating the $5000 deposit had been paid from

a checking account in Turner’s name. Because Turner paid the security deposit and continued to

reside at the apartment, landlord’s counsel denied that plaintiff was entitled to return of the security

deposit or any other payments.

¶ 12 Plaintiff Commences This Action

¶ 13 On August 21, 2023, plaintiff filed a complaint against the landlord and Richland, alleging

violations of section 5-12-080 of the RLTO. Although her complaint attached a copy of the lease,

its allegations made no mention of Turner. Plaintiff alleged that “Pursuant to the terms of the

Lease, Plaintiff paid to Defendant $5,000 for a security deposit.”

¶ 14 Plaintiff alleged that in violation of section 5-12-080 of the RLTO, the landlord “never

disclosed the address of the financial institution” where the $5,000 security deposit was held and

“never provided Plaintiff with a proper security deposit receipt.” Plaintiff alleged that she

terminated the lease on July 24, 2023, but that defendants failed to return the security deposit

despite her demand.

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¶ 15 The complaint cited section 5-12-080(f)(1) of the RLTO, by which if a landlord fails to

comply with section subsections 5-12-080(a) through (e), “the tenant shall be awarded damages in

an amount equal to two times the security deposit plus interest at a rate determined in accordance

with RLTO section 5-12-081.” Chicago Municipal Code § 5-12-080(f)(1) (amended July 28,

2010).

¶ 16 Plaintiff’s complaint sought the $5,000 security deposit, plus “the statutory penalty of two

times the $5000 security deposit, or $10,000.” Thus, plaintiff sought a total judgment of $15,000,

“plus attorney’s fees, interest, and costs.”

¶ 17 Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss

¶ 18 In January 2024, the landlord and Richland (represented by the same counsel), moved to

dismiss pursuant to section 2-619 of the Code of Civil Procedure (735 ILCS 5/2-619 (West 2022)),

claiming that affirmative matter warranted dismissal of plaintiff’s claims. Defendants attached to

that motion the August 4, 2023, letter to plaintiff’s counsel, which in turn attached the receipt of

Turner’s payment of the security deposit. Defendants primarily argued that plaintiff was not

entitled to return of the security deposit because Turner, not plaintiff, was the person who made

the payment.

¶ 19 Separately, defendants asserted that plaintiff’s suit could not proceed because Turner was

still in possession of the premises and remained subject to the lease. Because the premises were

still occupied, they contended “none of the tenants are entitled to the return of any portion of the

security deposit until possession is tendered back to the landlord.” Defendants also asserted that

plaintiff was not entitled to any damages “given that she never made any payment” of the security

deposit. Defendants’ motion also noted that Richland is not the landlord or owner of the leased

premises.

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¶ 20 On January 19, 2024, plaintiff filed a response in which she acknowledged that Turner paid

the security deposit but maintained she still had a right to seek its return and damages for twice the

amount of the deposit under section 5-12-080(f). She argued that although she did not pay the

deposit, she had the rights of any tenant under the RLTO, as the RLTO “does not limit a tenant’s

rights to only the ones paying the rent or paying the security deposit.” She noted that the lease

identified her as a tenant under the lease and that it specified that all persons executing the lease

“shall be jointly and severally liable for the performance of each and every agreement” thereunder.

She noted the lease “did not state that only the person who paid the deposit has the statutory or

contractual rights” to it.

¶ 21 Plaintiff also argued that she retained an interest in the security deposit because she and

Turner held “the possessory rights [to the premises] and security deposit as tenants in common.”

She averred that “either the plaintiff or [Turner] has the same individual rights to the subject matter

premises and the security deposit” and that it was “irrelevant” that the security deposit was paid

from Turner’s bank account.

¶ 22 Elsewhere, plaintiff’s response claimed that although “defendant seem[ed] to be arguing”

that Turner was a necessary plaintiff to the action, she could proceed without him. Plaintiff cited

section 2-404 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Code) to argue that Turner was not a necessary party

to the action, insofar as it provides that “[a]ll persons may join in one action as plaintiffs, in whom

any right to relief in respect of or arising out of the same transaction *** is alleged to exist.” 735

ILCS 5/2-404 (West 2022). Plaintiff argued that her “claim for statutory damages [under the

RLTO] does not require the former roommate’s” participation. Plaintiff otherwise maintained that

defendants clearly violated 5-12-080 of the RLTO by failing to provide a proper receipt and

necessary information regarding the bank account where the security deposit was held.

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¶ 23 Hearing and Dismissal of the Case

¶ 24 The record reflects that on January 30, 2024, the trial court briefly heard argument before

granting defendants’ motion to dismiss. Although a verbatim transcript is not in the record,

plaintiff’s counsel supplemented the appellate record with a stipulated bystander’s report pursuant

to Illinois Supreme Court Rule 323 (eff. July 1, 2017). Defendants-appellees did not object to that

supplement and do not dispute its contents.

¶ 25 The bystander’s report reflects that defense counsel argued for dismissal because “the

roommate is still living there and paying rent and has not moved out. He is not in the case, my

clients did nothing wrong, they gave a receipt.” The court indicated to plaintiff’s counsel that it

believed defense counsel was correct because Turner remained in the premises.

¶ 26 Plaintiff’s counsel argued that “under the intervention statute, [Turner] does not have to be

involved in the case” in order for plaintiff to maintain the action. Plaintiff’s counsel also

maintained the receipt referenced by defense counsel violated the RLTO because “there is no

listing of the bank name” where the deposit was held.

¶ 27 Defense counsel responded that plaintiff did not have a right to the security deposit because

“the roommate is still there and did not move out.” In dismissing the case, the trial court

commented that plaintiff “can file it again when everyone is out.”

¶ 28 On January 30, 2024, the court entered a corresponding written order dismissing plaintiff’s

action pursuant to section 2-619 of the Code. That order referenced the hearing but did not

otherwise specify the reasons for dismissal. Plaintiff filed a timely notice of appeal.

¶ 29 ANALYSIS

¶ 30 On appeal, plaintiff argues the court erred in interpreting section 5-12-080 of the RLTO in

the course of granting defendants’ motion to dismiss. Chicago Municipal Code § 5-12-080

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(amended July 28, 2010). She does not dispute that (1) Turner paid the entire $5000 security

deposit or that (2) Turner remained in the premises at the time she filed her lawsuit. Nevertheless,

she maintains these facts did not preclude her ability to recover the damages under section 5-12-

080, based on the landlord’s alleged violations of that section for failure to disclose a proper receipt

for the security deposit and bank information about where the security deposit was held. She

maintains that because she was a “tenant” under the terms of the lease and under the RLTO’s

definition of that term, she may seek damages under section 5-12-080 regardless of whether she

paid the deposit or whether Turner is a party to this action.

¶ 31 For the following reasons, we affirm dismissal of plaintiff’s suit.

¶ 32 Standard of Review

¶ 33 The trial court dismissed the action pursuant to section 2-619 of the Code. 735 ILCS 5/2-

619 (West 2022). A motion to dismiss pursuant to section 2-619 “admits the legal sufficiency of

the plaintiffs’ complaint, but asserts an affirmative defense or other matter that avoids or defeats

the plaintiffs’ claim.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Jackson v. Hehner, 2021 IL App (1st)

192411, ¶ 25. “Dismissal is permitted based on certain listed ‘defects’ (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(1)-

(8) (West 2020)) or some ‘other affirmative matter’ (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(9) (West 2020)) outside

the complaint.” Id.

¶ 34 Our standard of review upon a section 2-619 dismiss is de novo, meaning we perform the

same analysis a trial court would perform. Id. ¶ 26. We must interpret the pleadings and supporting

materials in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, which is plaintiff. Id. ¶ 27. We also

“accept as true all well-pled facts in the plaintiff’s complaint and any reasonable inferences that

arise from those facts.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Id.

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¶ 35 Importantly, however, “we may affirm on any basis appearing in the record, whether or not

the trial court relied on that basis and whether or not the trial court’s reasoning was correct.” Id.

(citing Khan v. Fur Keeps Animal Rescue, Inc., 2021 IL App (1st) 182694, ¶ 25).

¶ 36 Relevant Provisions of Section 5-12-080 of the RLTO

¶ 37 Plaintiff’s complaint is premised on section 5-12-080 of the RLTO, which sets forth

various requirements regarding the use of security deposits and provides for damages for its

violation. Chicago Municipal Code § 5-12-080 (amended July 28, 2010).

¶ 38 Under section 5-12-080(a)(1),

“A landlord shall hold all security deposits received by him in a federally insured

interest-bearing account in a bank *** or other financial institution located in the State

of Illinois. A security deposit and interest due thereon shall continue to be the property

of the tenant making such deposit, shall not be commingled with the assets of the

landlord, and shall not be subject to the claims of any credit of the landlord ***.”

(Emphasis added.) Id. § 5-12-080(a)(1).

¶ 39 “The name and address of the financial institution where the security deposit will be

deposited shall be clearly and conspicuously disclosed in the written rental agreement signed by

the tenant.” Id. § 5-12-080(a)(3).

¶ 40 Under subsection (b),

“any landlord who receives a security deposit from a tenant or prospective tenant shall

give said tenant or prospective tenant a receipt indicating the amount of such security

deposit, the name of the person receiving it, and, in the case of the agent, the name of

the landlord for whom such security deposit is received, the date on which it is received,

and a description of the dwelling unit.” Id. § 5-12-080(b)(1).

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¶ 41 Regarding return of the security deposit, subsection (d) provides: “The landlord shall,

within 45 days after the date that the tenant vacates the dwelling unit or within seven days after

the date that the tenant provides notice of termination of the rental agreement *** return to the

tenant the security deposit or any balance thereof and the required interest thereon,” subject to

certain permitted deductions. Id. § 5-12-080(d).

¶ 42 Subsection (f)(1) provides a remedy for violations of prior subsections: under subsection

(f)(1), “if the landlord fails to comply with any provision of Section 5-12-080(a)-(e), the tenant

shall be awarded damages in an amount equal to two times the security deposit plus interest at a

rate determined in accordance with Section 5-12-081.” Id. § 5-12-080(f)(1).

¶ 43 In her lawsuit, plaintiff claims she is entitled to damages under subsection (f)(1) because

the landlord violated section 5-12-080 in two ways: namely, (1) the lease failed to include the

name and address of the financial institution where the security deposit will be deposited and

(2) the landlord failed to issue a proper receipt pursuant to subsection (b). Notably, plaintiff does

not claim she seeks return of the security deposit. Indeed, her reply brief states that: “Mr. Turner’s

(the former roommate) security deposit remains intact, and the landlord may continue to hold that

deposit. Plaintiff’s complaint is strictly for the statutory violations.”

¶ 44 Plaintiff essentially argues that any “tenant” under a lease where a security deposit has

been paid has a right to seek damages for violations of RLTO section 5-12-080, regardless of

whether she is the tenant who paid the deposit or whether another tenant remains in the property.

Defendants emphasize the RLTO’s language that a “security deposit and the interest due thereon

shall continue to be the property of the tenant making such deposit” (id. § 5-12-080(a)(1)), as

indicating that only the tenant who paid the deposit may seek damages for violations.

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¶ 45 Although the parties make various other arguments, fundamentally, this case hinges on

interpretation of section 5-12-080 of the RLTO. The parties disagree as to whether the RLTO

contemplates that a tenant who did not pay the security deposit may seek damages under subsection

(f) for the landlord’s violations of other subsections, regardless of whether the tenant who did pay

remains at the premises. We review the applicable guiding principles for such questions of

interpretation.

¶ 46 Principles of Statutory Interpretation

¶ 47 “Municipal ordinances are interpreted using the same general rules of statutory

interpretation.” Landis v. Marc Realty, L.L.C., 235 Ill. 2d 1, 6 (2009) “The fundamental rule of

statutory construction is to ascertain and give effect to the intent of the legislature.” Id. The best

indicator of the legislative intent is the statute’s language, “which must be accorded its plain and

ordinary meaning.” Id. Where the statutory language is clear and unambiguous, we “apply the

statute as written without resort to extrinsic aids of statutory construction.” Id.

¶ 48 Words and phrases “must be interpreted in light of other relevant provisions of the statute

and must not be construed in isolation.” People ex rel. Sherman v. Cryns, 203 Ill. 2d 264, 279-80

(2003). “Each word, clause and sentence of the statute, if possible, must be given reasonable

meaning and not rendered superfluous.” Id. at 280. “In construing a statute we presume that the

General Assembly *** did not intend absurdity, inconvenience or injustice.” Id.

¶ 49 Statutory interpretation is a question of law subject to de novo review. Landis, 235 Ill. 2d

at 6; see also Lawrence v. Regent Realty Group, Inc., 197 Ill. 2d 1, 9 (2001) (applying de novo

review to construction of RLTO provisions).

¶ 50 The Plain Language of RLTO Section 5-12-080 Is Directed to the Specific Tenant Who Paid the

Security Deposit, Not Just Any Tenant

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¶ 51 Here, we find the plain language of section 5-12-080 supports the proposition that only the

tenant making the deposit, rather than any tenant under the lease, may seek damages under

subsection (f) for the landlord’s failure to comply with the requirements of subsections (a) through

(e). This conclusion flows from careful scrutiny of the subsections (a) through (e), a violation of

which forms the basis for claim for damages under subsection (f)(1). Chicago Municipal Code § 5-

12-080(f)(1) (amended July 28, 2010) (“[I]f the landlord fails to comply with any provision of

Section 5-12-080(a)-(e), the tenant shall be awarded damages in an amount equal to two times the

security deposit plus interest ***.”). The language of subsections (a) through (e) indicate an intent

to protect specifically the tenant who made the security deposit.

¶ 52 As emphasized by defendants, we find it significant that the first subsection of section 5-

12-080 specifies that “[a] security deposit and interest due thereon shall continue to be the property

of the tenant making such deposit.” (Emphasis added.) Id. § 5-12-080(a)(1). We must assume this

language was not superfluous, but was deliberately chosen and intended to be given effect. See

Oswald v. Hamer, 2018 IL 122203, ¶ 10 (“Each word, clause, and sentence of a statute must be

given a reasonable meaning, if possible, and should not be rendered superfluous.”).

¶ 53 The remaining provisions indicate that they are directed to protect this same tenant, i.e.,

the tenant “making such deposit.” Indeed, subsections (a) through (e) all indicate they are intended

to protect the tenant who made the deposit, not just any tenant on the lease.

¶ 54 For example, subsection (a)(3) requires that the name and address of the financial

institution where the deposit will be held must be “disclosed in the written rental agreement signed

by the tenant.” (Emphasis added.) Chicago Municipal Code § 5-12-080(a)(3) (amended July 28,

2010). Elsewhere, subsection (a)(3) states that if a security deposit is transferred from one financial

institution to another, the landlord must “notify the tenant in writing.” Id. Notably, it does not state

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that “all” or “any” tenants must be so notified. We think it is apparent that “the tenant” referred to

in subsection (a)(3) means the same tenant “making such deposit” referred to in (a)(1).

¶ 55 Subsections (b) through (e) are also plainly directed to protect the specific tenant who made

the deposit. Subsection (b)’s requirements for a security deposit receipt—which plaintiff claims

defendants violated—indicates that the obligation to give a receipt is directed to the tenant who

made the security deposit. Subsection (b)(1) says that “any landlord who receives a security deposit

from a tenant *** shall give said tenant *** a receipt indicating the amount of such security

deposit” and other information. (Emphases added.) Id. § 5-12-080(b)(1). That is, the receipt is

owed only to “said tenant” who made the deposit, not just any tenant on the lease.

¶ 56 Subsection (c) similarly states that a landlord who holds a security deposit for more than

six months “shall pay interest to the tenant accruing from the beginning date of the rental term.”

(Emphasis added.) Id. § 5-12-080(c). Read in conjunction with subsection (a)(1), “the tenant”

entitled to interest under subsection (c) must refer specifically to the tenant who made the deposit;

this must be the case, since subsection (a)(1) previously states that the deposit and interest remain

“the property of the tenant making such deposit.” Id. § 5-12-080(a)(1).

¶ 57 In similar fashion, subsection (d) requires the landlord to “within 45 days after the date that

the tenant vacates the dwelling unit *** return to the tenant the security deposit or any balance

thereof.” Id. § 5-12-080(d). Plainly, the security deposit can only be “returned” to the same tenant

who actually made the deposit.

¶ 58 The language of subsection (e) is also clearly directed to only the specific tenant who made

the deposit. It provides that in the event of the sale of the leased property “by a landlord who has

received a security deposit *** from a tenant, the successor landlord of such property shall be

liable to that tenant for any security deposit” or interest thereon. (Emphases added.) Id. § 5-12-

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080(e). It also requires the successor landlord to “notify the tenant who made such security deposit”

that the deposit was transferred to the successor landlord. (Emphasis added.) Id.

¶ 59 In this manner, each of subsections (a) through (e) plainly refer to not just to any tenant,

but to the specific tenant who made the deposit.

¶ 60 This brings us to subsection (f), which provides that “if the landlord fails to comply with

any provision of Section 5-12-080(a)-(e), the tenant shall be awarded damages in an amount equal

to two times the security deposit plus interest at a rate determined in accordance with Section 5-

12-081.” Id. § 5-12-080(f)(1). We recognize that subsection (f) does not explicitly spell out that

“the tenant” means the tenant who made the deposit. Yet, we emphasize that a statute should be

“viewed as a whole, construing words and phrases in context to other relevant statutory provisions

and not in isolation.” Oswald, 2018 IL 122203, ¶ 10. As discussed, subsections (a) through (e) are

plainly directed to the specific tenant who made the deposit. In providing for a specific damages

remedy for violations of those subjections, it logically follows that subsection (f)’s phrase “the

tenant” must be referring to the same tenant referenced in those prior subsections, i.e., the tenant

who actually paid the deposit.

¶ 61 We note that the drafters of section 5-12-080 could have easily referred to “any tenant” in

specifying who could seek damages under subsection (f) for a violation of subsections (a) through

(e). Instead, they referred to “the tenant”, an apparent reference to the tenant who made the deposit.

¶ 62 This conclusion is also supported by the use of the word “damages” to describe the award

available under subsection (f). Given that subsections (a) through (e) are clearly directed to protect

the depositing tenant’s interest in his or her property, it is hard to imagine how any other tenant

could suffer “damages” by a violation of those provisions. In other words, if a tenant has not paid

a security deposit, that tenant is not damaged by the landlord’s failure to preserve or pay interest

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on it. This follows from the proposition that the security deposit “continue[s] to be the property of

the tenant making such deposit.” Id. § 5-12-080(a)(1).

¶ 63 In short, we find the plain language of section 5-12-80 compels the conclusion that only

the tenant who made the security deposit has the right to seek damages under subsection (f). In so

doing, we note this opinion does not purport to create any new obligation on the part of the landlord

to identify which specific tenant actually paid the security deposit. In any event, given the existing

landlord obligations in section 5-12-080 to hold a security deposit as the “property of the tenant

making such deposit” and to issue a receipt to “said tenant” (id. § 5-12-080(a)(1), (b)(1)), it is

difficult to imagine how a landlord would not have access to that information if it otherwise

complied with that section.

¶ 64 Interpreting Section 5-12-080(f) to Benefit the Tenant Who Made the Deposit is Consistent With

Its Purpose

¶ 65 In addition to being supported by the plain language of section 5-12-080’s various

subsections, our interpretation of RLTO section 5-12-080(f) is consistent with its underlying

purpose. See Oswald, 2018 IL 122203, ¶ 10 (in construing a statute “the court may consider the

reason for the law, the problems sought to be remedied, the purposes to be achieved, and the

consequences of construing the statute one way or another”).

¶ 66 The purpose of section 5-12-080 is clear: to protect the tenants who paid the security

deposit from losing their deposits and interest thereon. In discussing section 5-12-80(f), our

supreme court has explained:

“The purpose of the law is to help protect the rights of tenants with

respect to their security deposits, including the right to receive

interest. In most cases, the amount of interest landlords owe for

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security deposits is small, too small to warrant litigation against a

landlord who refuses to abide by the law. Without the prospect of

liability for significant additional damages, landlords would

therefore have little incentive to meet their statutory obligations. ***

The city council has elected to address this problem by

imposing an absolute duty on landlords to pay the interest they owe

and conferring on tenants the right to recover double the amount of

their security deposits when that duty is breached.” (Emphases

added.) Lawrence, 197 Ill. 2d at 9 (holding that landlord liability

under section 5-12-080 does not require a willful mental state).

Insofar as the supreme court recognized the RLTO seeks to protect “tenants with respect to their

security deposits,” it is consistent to read the RLTO as extending to benefit only the tenant who

actually made such a deposit.

¶ 67 Our court has similarly recognized: “Security deposit provisions like section 5-12-080(a)

are designed to keep tenant monies out [of] the reach of creditors of landlords and prevent risks

inherent in commingling, such as a landlord’s intentional or inadvertent personal use of tenant

funds contained in a commingled account.” Starr v. Gay, 354 Ill. App. 3d 610, 613-14 (2004).

Since the purpose of section 5-12-080 is to protect the tenant funds used to make the security

deposit, it follows that the damages remedy provided therein is aimed to benefit the tenant who

actually made such a deposit; i.e., the specific tenant whose funds are at risk of commingling or

improper use by the landlord. Again, this is entirely consistent with section 5-12-080’s explicit

statement that a security deposit “continue[s] to be the property of the tenant making such deposit.”

Chicago Municipal Code § 5-12-080(a)(1) (amended July 28, 2010).

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¶ 68 For the above reasons, we think it is clear that section 5-12-080(f) provides a remedy only

to the tenant or tenants who actually made the deposit. In this regard, we briefly note we are

unconvinced by plaintiff’s reliance on the fact that she met the definition of a “tenant” under the

RLTO. Chicago Municipal Code § 5-12-030(j) (amended July 22, 2020) (“ ‘Tenant’ means a

person entitled by written or oral agreement *** to occupy a dwelling unit to the exclusion of

others.”). We do not dispute that plaintiff was a tenant under the lease. Yet, as discussed, the

provisions of section 5-12-080 indicate they are intended to protect not simply any tenant under

the lease, but the tenant who made the security deposit.

¶ 69 In this case, defendants’ motion to dismiss provided undisputed proof that the entire

security deposit at issue was paid by Turner, not by plaintiff. As plaintiff did not pay any of the

security deposit, she has no basis to assert a claim against the landlord under section 5-12-80(f).

Thus, defendants provided affirmative matter that negates plaintiff’s lawsuit, compelling us to

affirm the circuit court.

¶ 70 We recognize that the record suggests that the circuit court granted dismissal for a different

reason. In remarking that plaintiff “can file it again when everyone is out”, the trial court apparently

was persuaded by defendant’s argument that the lawsuit could not proceed because Turner

remained a tenant in the subject premises. However, we need not delve into the trial court’s

reasoning, insofar as we may affirm dismissal for any basis apparent from the record, regardless

of whether the trial court’s reasoning was correct. Jackson, 2021 IL App (1st) 192411, ¶ 27.

¶ 71 Similarly, as our interpretation of section 5-12-080 independently necessitates dismissal,

we need not address the parties’ remaining contentions on appeal.

¶ 72 CONCLUSION

¶ 73 For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the circuit court of Cook County is affirmed.

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¶ 74 Affirmed.

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Harding v. Meifang Shi, 2025 IL App (1st) 240317

Decision Under Review: Appeal from the Circuit Court of Cook County, No. 2023-M1- 118353; the Hon. Stephen A. Swedlow, Judge, presiding.

Attorneys Benton N. Ring, of Benton N. Ring, P.C., of Chicago, for for appellant. Appellant:

Attorneys Dan E. Garbis, of The Garbis Law Firm, LLC, of Lincolnwood, for for appellees. Appellee:

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