Hager v. Apollo Paper Corp.

856 S.W.2d 512, 1993 Tex. App. LEXIS 1376, 1993 WL 152885
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedMay 13, 1993
DocketNo. 01-92-00957-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 856 S.W.2d 512 (Hager v. Apollo Paper Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hager v. Apollo Paper Corp., 856 S.W.2d 512, 1993 Tex. App. LEXIS 1376, 1993 WL 152885 (Tex. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

OPINION

DUGGAN, Justice.

This is an appeal from the dismissal of plaintiff-appellant James A. Hager’s suit [513]*513for failure to post security for costs pursuant to Tex.R.Civ.P. 143. Hager sued his former employer, Apollo Paper Corporation, alleging damages based on age discrimination and various torts, including intentional and negligent infliction of emotional distress, defamation, and negligent hiring and supervision. Hager asserts six points of error. We reverse.

Hager was employed as an order puller by Apollo from 1984 until he was fired on February 25, 1988; he was 55 years old when terminated. Apollo has a written company policy providing for dismissal for, among other things, “[g]ambling of any form on company premises and company time.” Apollo informed Hager that he was being fired for violation of this policy.

Hager initiated an age discrimination action before the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). After an investigation, EEOC found no violation; the ruling was upheld in an administrative appeal. Hager then filed this suit, alleging that the excuse Apollo gave for firing him was a pretext for age discrimination, and further asserting the tort causes of action.

Apollo moved for partial summary judgment on Hager’s causes of action for age discrimination, defamation, and intentional infliction of emotional distress; Hager filed a timely response. Both parties filed affidavits, depositions, and documents. On June 10, 1992, the trial court denied Apollo’s motion for partial summary judgment “in its entirety.”

Apollo then filed a motion for costs under Tex.R.Civ.P. 143 and 215, and Tex.Civ. Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. §§ 9.001-.014 (Vernon Supp.1993), asking the trial court to require Hager “to post security of at least $50,000.” The motion alleged that in addition to $35,000 already spent, Apollo “will incur additional costs, attorney’s fees and other expenses of litigation in excess of $15,000.” (Emphasis added.) Apollo noticed the motion for oral hearing on Monday, June 8, 1992.

Hager’s response, filed June 5, 1992, pleaded that an award of costs under rule 215 was inappropriate because Apollo had made no claim that Hager had abused the discovery process. See Bodnow Corp. v. City of Hondo, 721 S.W.2d 839, 840 (Tex.1986); Jaques v. Texas Employers’ Ins. Ass’n, 816 S.W.2d 129, 131 (Tex.App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 1991, no writ).

Hager asserted that Apollo was not entitled to an award of costs under sections 9.001-.014 because (1) the trial court had earlier determined that genuine issues of fact existed in the case when it denied Apollo’s motion for partial summary judgment, and (2) Apollo had not made the allegations required to recover costs under sections 9.001-.014, therefore failing to carry its burden. See Herrmann & Andreas Ins. v. Appling, 800 S.W.2d 312, 320 (Tex.App.-Corpus Christi 1990, no writ).

Hager further asserted that, under rule 143, it was improper for Apollo to seek a cost bond that included attorney’s fees or that was for a specific amount. Hager also filed a rule 145 affidavit of inability to pay costs along with his response to Apollo’s motion for costs.

Apollo’s motion was heard June 8, 1992. During the hearing, the trial court decided “to set bond at $15,000.” Hager’s counsel sought clarification from the trial court:

[Hager’s counsel]: Well, Your Honor, the $15,000, is that attorney’s fees or — just so I understand.
THE COURT: It’s a [rule] US cost.
[Hager’s counsel]: There’s only been testimony about—
THE COURT: Just a minute. I don’t want to hear any arguments about it now. I want to hear about what it’s under. It’s under [rule] 143. Thank y’all.
[Hager's counsel]: Thank you, Your Honor.

(Emphasis added.) The trial court entered a written order granting Apollo’s motion for costs, setting the amount at $15,000, and giving Hager 20 days to comply.

Apollo never filed a written contest to Hager’s rule 145 affidavit of inability to pay costs, either before or after the June 8, 1992 hearing. At the hearing, Apollo argued that Hager’s affidavit was [514]*514not before the court because it was not timely filed in accordance to a local rule.1

On July 7, 1992, Apollo filed a motion to dismiss and request for expedited consideration, asserting Hager’s failure to post security. Hager filed a response, stating in pertinent part that he had not complied with the order of June 8, 1992, “because he simply does not have the money,” and that he “has already filed with the Court an affidavit of inability to pay.” He further urged that for him to be required to pay security violates due process and the open courts doctrine “by only allowing the rich to pursue their cases,” and that dismissal of his suit would violate the first, fifth, seventh and fourteenth amendments to the U.S. Constitution. On July 23, 1992, the trial court granted Apollo’s motion to dismiss because of Hager’s failure to comply with the trial court’s June 8, 1992 order.

In his first point of error, Hager alleges the district court abused its discretion in dismissing his lawsuit for failure to pay rule 143 costs when his uncontested affidavit of inability to pay costs showed he was unable to pay.

The applicable standard of review is abuse of discretion. See Clanton v. Clark, 639 S.W.2d 929, 931 (Tex.1982). Apollo asserts that Hager’s affidavit was invalid because the notary public before whom he executed it was his attorney. Contrary to Apollo’s position, the Dallas Court of Appeals has stated:

[Decisions concerning acknowledgments do not necessarily govern the validity of affidavits, in view of cases holding that an attorney of record is not disqualified as a notary to take his client’s affidavit. These cases rest on the ground that the act of administering an oath is ministerial, as distinguished from the quasi-judicial act of taking an acknowledgment.

Kessler v. Raines, 566 S.W.2d 333, 335 (Tex.Civ.App.-Dallas 1978, no writ). In Ryburn v. Moore, 72 Tex. 85, 10 S.W. 393, 394 (Tex.1888), the supreme court held it was not error to refuse to strike an affidavit of plaintiff’s inability to give security for costs on the ground that it was sworn before the attorney as notary. “The notary is authorized to administer oaths, and to give certificates thereto. Attorneys at law often are appointed to the office. It was proper for the attorney for plaintiff to prepare the affidavit, if required by his client.” Id.

It is well settled in Texas that “[a]n uncontested affidavit of inability to pay costs is conclusive as a matter of law.” Equitable Gen. Ins. Co. v. Yates, 684 S.W.2d 669, 671 (Tex.1984); Burleson v. Rawlins,

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Bluebook (online)
856 S.W.2d 512, 1993 Tex. App. LEXIS 1376, 1993 WL 152885, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hager-v-apollo-paper-corp-texapp-1993.