Hadi Pezeshki v. Department of Transportation

CourtMerit Systems Protection Board
DecidedApril 16, 2026
DocketPH-0432-23-0354-I-1
StatusUnpublished

This text of Hadi Pezeshki v. Department of Transportation (Hadi Pezeshki v. Department of Transportation) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Merit Systems Protection Board primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Hadi Pezeshki v. Department of Transportation, (Miss. 2026).

Opinion

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

HADI PEZESHKI, DOCKET NUMBER Appellant, PH-0432-23-0354-I-1

v.

DEPARTMENT OF DATE: April 16, 2026 TRANSPORTATION, Agency.

THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

Hadi Pezeshki , Mount Laurel, New Jersey, pro se.

Silvio Jose Morales and Adora Olisaemeka Onyiuke , Washington, D.C., for the agency.

BEFORE

Henry J. Kerner, Vice Chairman James J. Woodruff II, Member

FINAL ORDER

The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which sustained his performance-based removal under 5 U.S.C. chapter 43. Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only in the following circumstances: the initial decision contains erroneous findings of material fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute or regulation or the erroneous

1 A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders, but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c). 2

application of the law to the facts of the case; the administrative judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or the initial decision were not consistent with required procedures or involved an abuse of discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or new and material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due diligence, was not available when the record closed. Title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115). After fully considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner has not established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review. Therefore, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision, which is now the Board’s final decision. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113(b).

BACKGROUND The appellant was a GS-12 Civil Engineer (Highway) for the agency’s Federal Highway Administration, New Jersey Federal Aid Division. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 6 at 26. The major duties of that position involve providing technical advice and assistance in connection with various aspects of state highway programs. IAF, Tab 11 at 11-12. The appellant’s performance year ran from June 1 through May 31 of each year, and his performance was rated on the following four-tier scale: Outstanding, Exceeded Expectations, Fully Successful, and Unacceptable. IAF, Tab 9 at 26. His performance standards included five critical elements. Id. at 30-34. On December 19, 2022, the Director of Engineering notified the appellant that his performance had fallen below an acceptable level for each of the five critical elements. Id. at 17-24. He provided the appellant a 90-day Opportunity to Demonstrate Acceptable Performance (ODAP) and warned him that if he failed to demonstrate fully successful performance in each element, he would be subject to remedial action, up to and including removal. Id. at 24-25. After the ODAP ended, the Director of Engineering found that the appellant had failed to 3

demonstrate acceptable performance in three of the five critical elements (critical elements 1-3), and he issued a notice of proposed removal on that basis. IAF, Tab 7 at 106-13. The appellant responded to the proposal, but the agency issued a decision sustaining the charge and removing him under the authority of 5 U.S.C. chapter 43, effective July 27, 2023. IAF, Tab 6 at 26-34. The appellant filed a Board appeal, contesting the merits of his removal and raising affirmative defenses of harmful error, violation of due process, retaliation for equal employment opportunity (EEO) activity, retaliation for filing a complaint against the agency, and discrimination based on age, religion, and national origin. IAF, Tab 1, Tab 42 at 5, Tab 47 at 4. After a hearing, the administrative judge issued an initial decision sustaining the appellant’s removal. IAF, Tab 61, Initial Decision (ID). She found that the agency proved each element of its case, ID at 5-31, and that the appellant did not prove any of his affirmative defenses, ID at 31-49. The appellant has filed a petition for review, disputing the administrative judge’s conclusions as well as the adequacy of the process. Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1. The agency has responded in opposition to the petition for review, PFR File, Tab 3, and the appellant has filed a reply to the agency’s response, PFR File, Tab 4.

ANALYSIS

The agency proved its charge. To defend an action under chapter 43, the agency must prove by substantial evidence that: (1) the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) approved its performance appraisal system and any significant changes thereto; (2) the agency communicated to the appellant the performance standards and critical elements of his position; (3) the appellant’s performance standards are valid under 5 U.S.C. § 4302(c)(1); (4) the appellant’s performance during the appraisal period was unacceptable in one or more critical elements; (5) the agency warned the 4

appellant of the inadequacies in his performance during the appraisal period and gave him an adequate opportunity to demonstrate acceptable performance; and (6) after an adequate improvement period, the appellant’s performance remained unacceptable in at least one critical element. Santos v. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 990 F.3d 1355, 1360-61 (Fed. Cir. 2021); Lee v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 2022 MSPB 11, ¶ 15. The administrative judge found that the agency met its burden with respect to each of these six elements. ID at 5-31. The appellant does not contest the administrative judge’s findings on the first three elements, and for the reasons explained in the initial decision, we agree that the agency proved them by substantial evidence. ID at 5-13. Regarding element four, the appellant argues that the administrative judge failed to consider his “superior performance.” PFR File, Tab 1 at 3. We understand the appellant to be arguing that he achieved high ratings in some prior performance evaluations. However, the record does not show that the appellant had superior performance during performance year 2023, which encompassed both the 6 months leading up to the ODAP and the ODAP itself, and is therefore the time period relevant to this appeal. For the reasons explained in the initial decision, we agree with the administrative judge that the appellant’s performance during the 6 months leading up to the ODAP was unacceptable in one or more critical elements. ID at 13-17. Regarding the fifth element, the administrative judge found that the agency warned the appellant of the inadequacies in his performance and that the 90-day ODAP offered him an adequate opportunity to demonstrate acceptable performance. ID at 17-18. On review, the appellant argues that the agency gave him an excessive amount of collateral work during the ODAP, including getting oil changes and recall work for four government vehicles and covering work assignments for a colleague on detail. PFR File, Tab 1 at 3-4. He further argues that, during the ODAP, he should have been relieved of administrative duties 5

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Hadi Pezeshki v. Department of Transportation, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/hadi-pezeshki-v-department-of-transportation-mspb-2026.