1 2 3 4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 6 7 BRANDON LEE GUSTIN, Case No. 24-cv-02917-HSG
8 Plaintiff, ORDER DISMISSING CASE FOR FAILURE TO PROSECUTE 9 v.
10 PHH MORTGAGE CORPORATION, 11 Defendant.
12 13 On November 19, 2024, the Court granted Defendant PHH Mortgage Corporation’s 14 motion to dismiss pro se Plaintiff Brandon Gustin’s complaint. Dkt. No. 28. The Court granted 15 Plaintiff leave to amend his complaint by December 24, 2024. Id. at 5. Plaintiff failed to file an 16 amended complaint. On January 27, 2024, the Court ordered Plaintiff to show cause by February 17 10, 2025, why the case should not be dismissed for failure to prosecute. Dkt. No. 29. Plaintiff 18 failed to respond by the deadline and has not filed any response as of the date of this order. For 19 the reasons set forth below, this action is DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE for failure to 20 prosecute. 21 I. BACKGROUND 22 Plaintiff filed his complaint against Defendant PHH Mortgage Corporation in May 2024. 23 See Dkt. No. 1 (“Compl.”) at 3. Plaintiff and his wife signed a promissory note with IndyMac 24 Bank for $338,000 in 2006 for their residential property located at 11 Benita Way in Martinez, 25 California (“the Property”). Id. at 6. In 2011, an assignment of the deed of trust to Deutsche Bank 26 National Trust Company (“Deutsche Bank”) was recorded in Contra Costa County. See Dkt. No. 27 5, Ex. C; Dkt. No. 21 at 36. Plaintiff alleges that during the coronavirus pandemic, he fell behind 1 foreclosed and sold.” Dkt. No. 20 at 4. Plaintiff then sued Defendant, the servicer of his loan. 2 Compl. at 6. The complaint challenges the assignment of the loan under Uniform Commercial 3 Code (“UCC”) provisions §§ 7-501(a) and 9-514(c) (improper assignment); § 3-305(3) 4 (recoupment and disgorgement of wrongful gains); and § 3-420 (conversion). Compl. at 6, 11, 13. 5 Plaintiff also brings a claim for wrongful foreclosure and seeks a declaration quieting title to the 6 Property. Id. at 14, 17. 7 Defendant filed a motion to dismiss. See Dkt. No. 4. After Plaintiff failed to timely 8 oppose or otherwise respond to the motion, the Court ordered Plaintiff to show cause why the case 9 should not be dismissed for failure to prosecute. See Dkt. No 17. In October 2024, Plaintiff 10 timely responded to the order to show cause and also filed an ex parte application seeking to 11 temporarily enjoin the execution of an unlawful detainer order entered against Plaintiff on June 25, 12 2024. See Dkt. No. 18. The TRO sought to stay the execution of a writ of possession on the 13 Property allegedly scheduled for October 31, 2024. See Dkt. No. 18 at 4. The Court denied 14 Plaintiff’s ex parte application because it did not have jurisdiction to review or invalidate the state 15 court’s unlawful detainer order. See Dkt. No. at 24 at 3. On October 30, 2024, Plaintiff filed an 16 “affidavit of fact” purporting to add several new defendants to his complaint. See Dkt. No. 26. 17 As discussed above, the Court granted Defendant’s motion to dismiss Plaintiff’s complaint, 18 with leave to amend by December 24, 2024. Dkt. No. 28. The Court also issued an order to show 19 cause on January 27, 2024. Dkt. No. 29. Plaintiff did not file an amended complaint or respond to 20 the order to show cause, and has not communicated with the Court in any way since his October 21 30, 2024, filing. 22 II. DISCUSSION 23 The district court may dismiss a case for failure to prosecute or for failure to comply with a 24 court order. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b). “The authority of a court to dismiss sua sponte for lack of 25 prosecution has generally been considered an ‘inherent power,’ governed not by rule or statute but 26 by the control necessarily vested in courts to manage their own affairs so as to achieve the orderly 27 and expeditious disposition of cases.” Link v. Wabash R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 630–31 (1962). 1 extreme circumstances.” Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1260 (9th Cir. 1992) (citations 2 omitted); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) (stating that dismissal for failure to prosecute “operates as 3 an adjudication on the merits” unless the order says otherwise). 4 Courts “must weigh five factors” in determining whether to dismiss a case for failure to 5 prosecute: “(1) the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the court’s need to 6 manage its docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public policy favoring 7 disposition of cases on their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic alternatives.” See 8 Ferdik, 963 F.2d at 1260–61. Here, the Court considers each factor in turn, and finds that 9 dismissal is warranted here. 10 First, “[t]he public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation always favors 11 dismissal.” Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 F.3d 639, 642 (9th Cir. 2002) (quoting Yourish v. 12 California Amplifier, 191 F.3d 983, 990 (9th Cir. 1999)). That is true here. Plaintiff failed to file 13 an amended pleading or respond to the Court’s order to show cause. See Dkt. Nos. 28, 29. The 14 Court is satisfied that Plaintiff’s lack of responsiveness contravenes the “public’s interest in 15 expeditious resolution of litigation.” See id. This factor therefore weighs in favor of dismissal. 16 Second, it is “incumbent” upon courts “to manage [their] docket without being subject to 17 routine noncompliance of litigants.” Pagtalunan, 291 F.3d at 642 (citing Ferdik, 963 F.2d at 18 1261). Moreover, “[t]he trial judge is in the best position to determine whether the delay in a 19 particular case interferes with docket management and the public interest.” Id. Here, Plaintiff has 20 demonstrated such “routine noncompliance” by failing to amend his pleading or respond to the 21 Court’s order by the deadlines set (or ever). This non-compliance has “consumed some of the 22 court’s time that could have been devoted to other cases on the docket.” Id. This factor also 23 weighs in favor of dismissal. 24 Third, in order to prove prejudice, “a defendant must establish that plaintiff’s actions 25 impaired defendant’s ability to proceed to trial or threatened to interfere with the rightful decision 26 of the case.” Id. (citing Malone v. U.S. Postal Serv., 833 F.2d 128, 131 (9th Cir. 27 1987)). “Whether prejudice is sufficient to support an order of dismissal is in part judged with 1 (citation omitted). In Malone, which involved a Rule 41(b) dismissal for failure to comply with a 2 || court order, the district court found the plaintiff's excuse for her failure to comply with the order 3 || to be “groundless,” justifying dismissal. Jd. And in Yourish, which also involved plaintiffs who 4 || failed to obey a court order, the court concluded the defendants had suffered “sufficient prejudice” 5 || where the plaintiffs had only a “paltry excuse” for why they failed to timely amend their 6 || complaint. 191 F.3d at 991-92. Here, Plaintiff has failed to timely amend his complaint and obey 7 a Court order, and he has not provided any excuse for his noncompliance. This factor therefore 8 weighs in favor of dismissal. 9 Fourth, the Court has attempted to avail itself of less drastic alternatives that have proven 10 || ineffective in advancing the case.
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1 2 3 4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 6 7 BRANDON LEE GUSTIN, Case No. 24-cv-02917-HSG
8 Plaintiff, ORDER DISMISSING CASE FOR FAILURE TO PROSECUTE 9 v.
10 PHH MORTGAGE CORPORATION, 11 Defendant.
12 13 On November 19, 2024, the Court granted Defendant PHH Mortgage Corporation’s 14 motion to dismiss pro se Plaintiff Brandon Gustin’s complaint. Dkt. No. 28. The Court granted 15 Plaintiff leave to amend his complaint by December 24, 2024. Id. at 5. Plaintiff failed to file an 16 amended complaint. On January 27, 2024, the Court ordered Plaintiff to show cause by February 17 10, 2025, why the case should not be dismissed for failure to prosecute. Dkt. No. 29. Plaintiff 18 failed to respond by the deadline and has not filed any response as of the date of this order. For 19 the reasons set forth below, this action is DISMISSED WITHOUT PREJUDICE for failure to 20 prosecute. 21 I. BACKGROUND 22 Plaintiff filed his complaint against Defendant PHH Mortgage Corporation in May 2024. 23 See Dkt. No. 1 (“Compl.”) at 3. Plaintiff and his wife signed a promissory note with IndyMac 24 Bank for $338,000 in 2006 for their residential property located at 11 Benita Way in Martinez, 25 California (“the Property”). Id. at 6. In 2011, an assignment of the deed of trust to Deutsche Bank 26 National Trust Company (“Deutsche Bank”) was recorded in Contra Costa County. See Dkt. No. 27 5, Ex. C; Dkt. No. 21 at 36. Plaintiff alleges that during the coronavirus pandemic, he fell behind 1 foreclosed and sold.” Dkt. No. 20 at 4. Plaintiff then sued Defendant, the servicer of his loan. 2 Compl. at 6. The complaint challenges the assignment of the loan under Uniform Commercial 3 Code (“UCC”) provisions §§ 7-501(a) and 9-514(c) (improper assignment); § 3-305(3) 4 (recoupment and disgorgement of wrongful gains); and § 3-420 (conversion). Compl. at 6, 11, 13. 5 Plaintiff also brings a claim for wrongful foreclosure and seeks a declaration quieting title to the 6 Property. Id. at 14, 17. 7 Defendant filed a motion to dismiss. See Dkt. No. 4. After Plaintiff failed to timely 8 oppose or otherwise respond to the motion, the Court ordered Plaintiff to show cause why the case 9 should not be dismissed for failure to prosecute. See Dkt. No 17. In October 2024, Plaintiff 10 timely responded to the order to show cause and also filed an ex parte application seeking to 11 temporarily enjoin the execution of an unlawful detainer order entered against Plaintiff on June 25, 12 2024. See Dkt. No. 18. The TRO sought to stay the execution of a writ of possession on the 13 Property allegedly scheduled for October 31, 2024. See Dkt. No. 18 at 4. The Court denied 14 Plaintiff’s ex parte application because it did not have jurisdiction to review or invalidate the state 15 court’s unlawful detainer order. See Dkt. No. at 24 at 3. On October 30, 2024, Plaintiff filed an 16 “affidavit of fact” purporting to add several new defendants to his complaint. See Dkt. No. 26. 17 As discussed above, the Court granted Defendant’s motion to dismiss Plaintiff’s complaint, 18 with leave to amend by December 24, 2024. Dkt. No. 28. The Court also issued an order to show 19 cause on January 27, 2024. Dkt. No. 29. Plaintiff did not file an amended complaint or respond to 20 the order to show cause, and has not communicated with the Court in any way since his October 21 30, 2024, filing. 22 II. DISCUSSION 23 The district court may dismiss a case for failure to prosecute or for failure to comply with a 24 court order. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b). “The authority of a court to dismiss sua sponte for lack of 25 prosecution has generally been considered an ‘inherent power,’ governed not by rule or statute but 26 by the control necessarily vested in courts to manage their own affairs so as to achieve the orderly 27 and expeditious disposition of cases.” Link v. Wabash R. Co., 370 U.S. 626, 630–31 (1962). 1 extreme circumstances.” Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1260 (9th Cir. 1992) (citations 2 omitted); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) (stating that dismissal for failure to prosecute “operates as 3 an adjudication on the merits” unless the order says otherwise). 4 Courts “must weigh five factors” in determining whether to dismiss a case for failure to 5 prosecute: “(1) the public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the court’s need to 6 manage its docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public policy favoring 7 disposition of cases on their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic alternatives.” See 8 Ferdik, 963 F.2d at 1260–61. Here, the Court considers each factor in turn, and finds that 9 dismissal is warranted here. 10 First, “[t]he public’s interest in expeditious resolution of litigation always favors 11 dismissal.” Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 F.3d 639, 642 (9th Cir. 2002) (quoting Yourish v. 12 California Amplifier, 191 F.3d 983, 990 (9th Cir. 1999)). That is true here. Plaintiff failed to file 13 an amended pleading or respond to the Court’s order to show cause. See Dkt. Nos. 28, 29. The 14 Court is satisfied that Plaintiff’s lack of responsiveness contravenes the “public’s interest in 15 expeditious resolution of litigation.” See id. This factor therefore weighs in favor of dismissal. 16 Second, it is “incumbent” upon courts “to manage [their] docket without being subject to 17 routine noncompliance of litigants.” Pagtalunan, 291 F.3d at 642 (citing Ferdik, 963 F.2d at 18 1261). Moreover, “[t]he trial judge is in the best position to determine whether the delay in a 19 particular case interferes with docket management and the public interest.” Id. Here, Plaintiff has 20 demonstrated such “routine noncompliance” by failing to amend his pleading or respond to the 21 Court’s order by the deadlines set (or ever). This non-compliance has “consumed some of the 22 court’s time that could have been devoted to other cases on the docket.” Id. This factor also 23 weighs in favor of dismissal. 24 Third, in order to prove prejudice, “a defendant must establish that plaintiff’s actions 25 impaired defendant’s ability to proceed to trial or threatened to interfere with the rightful decision 26 of the case.” Id. (citing Malone v. U.S. Postal Serv., 833 F.2d 128, 131 (9th Cir. 27 1987)). “Whether prejudice is sufficient to support an order of dismissal is in part judged with 1 (citation omitted). In Malone, which involved a Rule 41(b) dismissal for failure to comply with a 2 || court order, the district court found the plaintiff's excuse for her failure to comply with the order 3 || to be “groundless,” justifying dismissal. Jd. And in Yourish, which also involved plaintiffs who 4 || failed to obey a court order, the court concluded the defendants had suffered “sufficient prejudice” 5 || where the plaintiffs had only a “paltry excuse” for why they failed to timely amend their 6 || complaint. 191 F.3d at 991-92. Here, Plaintiff has failed to timely amend his complaint and obey 7 a Court order, and he has not provided any excuse for his noncompliance. This factor therefore 8 weighs in favor of dismissal. 9 Fourth, the Court has attempted to avail itself of less drastic alternatives that have proven 10 || ineffective in advancing the case. The Court first allowed Plaintiff an additional four weeks to 11 amend his complaint. See Dkt. No. 28. The Court then entered an order to show cause, expressly 12 || warning Plaintiff that his case was at risk of dismissal for failure to prosecute and giving him an 5 13 additional two weeks to rectify the issue. See Dkt. No. 29; Ferdik, 963 F.2d at 1262 (holding that 14 || warning a party that his failure to obey the court’s order will result in dismissal can satisfy the 3 15 “consideration of alternatives” requirement). This factor therefore weighs in favor of dismissal. a 16 Lastly, while “[pJublic policy favors disposition of cases on the merits,” such that “this 3 17 factor weighs against dismissal,” Plaintiff is not precluded from litigating these claims when he is 18 || prepared to do so in compliance with Court orders. See Pagtalunan, 291 F.3d at 643. 19 || I. CONCLUSION 20 Having carefully considered all five factors, and having found that four of the five weigh in 21 favor of dismissal, the Court concludes that dismissal for failure to prosecute is appropriate. The 22 || Court thus DISMISSES this case under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b). The Clerk shall enter judgment in 23 || favor of Defendant and close the case. 24 IT IS SO ORDERED. 25 || Dated: 4/1/2025 26 Aspwerd 3 Mbt) HAYWOOD S. GILLIAM, JR. 27 United States District Judge 28