ROLAND L. BELSOME, Judge.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
1
_JjOn May 21, 1999, August and Juli Guil-lot and their three-year-old daughter, Madison, entered Juli’s 1999 Jeep Grand Cherokee in preparation to drive from their home in Violet, Louisiana to the North Shore Regional Medical Center in Slidell. Juli was nine months pregnant with a boy, who August and Juli had named Collin. After the three of them were seated in the vehicle, August shifted the vehicle into reverse, and Madison, who was in the back seat, asked for a songbook. To accommodate Madison’s request, Juli exited the vehicle, closed the front passenger door, and opened the rear passenger door to reach for Madison’s book. Remembering that some phone calls might need to be made, Juli asked August to retrieve their cell phone. August exited the vehicle2 and proceeded towards the rear of the Jeep.
As Juli was bending over to retrieve the songbook, she looked up through the passenger window and noticed that August had passed the driver’s side rear door. Juli then felt the door of the Jeep pressing against her arm and midsection. |2 Juli screamed for August as she became pinned between the door of the Jeep and a brick column supporting the carport. Realizing that Juli was in severe distress, and noticing that the Jeep was moving backwards, August re-entered the vehicle, stepped on the brake, and pulled forward. Juli collapsed and began to experience severe pain, nausea, and weakness, and could feel Collin kicking inside of her. Juli was suffering from massive internal bleeding.
As a result of Juli’s midsection being crushed between the door of the Jeep and the column, Collin had perforated the top of Juli’s uterus and was pushed into her abdominal cavity. Juli required surgery to remove Collin from her abdomen, and also to cut her pericardial sac to determine whether her heart had been damaged by Collin’s displacement, as a contusion in that area was detected. Juli was hospitalized for five days following the accident, and Collin had to be placed on life support. Collin was permanently brain damaged due to lack of oxygen. After seventeen days, August and Juli made the difficult decision, along with their physician, Dr. Jane Reynolds, to remove Collin from life support on June 7,1999.3
On June 9,1999, local counsel for Chrysler LLC faxed a copy of the Guillots’ accident report to Chrysler headquarters.
On July 13, 2001, Juli received a telephone call from a Los Angeles Times reporter who had investigated complaints on Jeep Grand Cherokees and noticed an article regarding her May 21, 1999 accident from the Associated Press. The reporter described his Times article detailing the [179]*179investigations, and sent Juli a copy of his article via electronic mail that same day. After the discussion with the reporter, the Guillots consulted with an attorney for the first time, and filed their petition on November 30, 2001. The matter went to trial on March 31, 2008.
|3On April 10, 2008, the trial court rendered judgment on the jury’s April 8, 2008 verdict, awarding total damages to Appel-lees in the amount of $5,080,000.00, allocating 99% of the fault to Chrysler, LLC and 1% to August Guillot. Juli Guillot was awarded, before the 1% reduction, $2,775,000.00; August Guillot was awarded $2,100,000.00; and to August and Juli Guil-lot as tutors of their minor child, Madison Guillot, $125,000.00. The court also awarded special damages and a survival action for Collin in the amount of $80,000.00.4 This appeal followed.5
APPELLANT’S ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR6
1.) The trial court erred as a matter of law in not finding that the action had prescribed, as it was filed two and a half years after the date of the accident.
2.) The trial court erred as a matter of law by refusing to consider evidence that would demonstrate plaintiffs expert’s opinion should have been excluded, and by refusing to rule before trial on the Daubert/Foret objection.
3.) The trial court abused its discretion in admitting expert opinion testimony and other evidence that allowed the jury to find a defective product and causation.
|44.) The trial court erred in admitting inflammatory and irrelevant evidence regarding the fact that the manufacturer’s attorneys had a copy of the police report of the accident shortly after it occurred.
5.) The verdict is clearly wrong in allocating only 1% of fault to August Guillot.
[180]*1806.) The trial court erred in permitting the jury to award elements of general damages that are duplicative and not supported by legal authority.
7.) The jury abused its discretion in awarding excessive general damages.
DISCUSSION
Assignment of Error # 1
In the first assignment of error, Chrysler asserts that the trial court erred in failing to find that the Guillots’ claim had prescribed. It is undisputed that the petition is prescribed on its face,7 as the accident occurred on May 21, 1999, and suit was filed on November 30, 2001; therefore, the burden shifted to Appellees to demonstrate the suspension, interruption, or renunciation of prescription. See London Towne Condominium, Homeowner’s Ass’n v. London Towne Co., 2006-401, pp. 9-10 (La.10/17/06), 939 So.2d 1227, 1234.
This Court has recognized that “[prescription will not begin to run at the earliest possible indication that a plaintiff may have suffered some wrong.” Hoerner v. Wesley-Jensen, Inc., 95-0553, pp. 3-4 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/20/96), 684 So.2d 508, 510 (quoting Jordan v. Employee Transfer Corp., 509 So.2d 420, 423 (La.1987)). Rather, prescription begins to run against a claimant when he obtains actual or constructive knowledge of facts indicating a cause of action. Campo v. Correa, 2001-2707, pp. 11-12 (La.6/21/02), 828 So.2d 502, 510. Constructive knowledge of facts “is whatever notice is enough to excite attention and put the | .^injured party on guard and call for inquiry.” Campo, 2001-2007, p. 12, 828 So.2d at 510-11. Constructive knowledge is also “tantamount to knowledge or notice of everything to which a reasonable inquiry may lead,” and is sufficient to commence the running of prescription. Id., p. 12, 828 So.2d at 511. Mere apprehension that something could be wrong, however, is not considered constructive knowledge sufficient to begin the running of prescription. In re Medical Review Panel of Howard, 573 So.2d 472, 474 (La.1991); Cordova v. Hartford Accident & Indemnity Co., 387 So.2d 574, 577 (La.1980).
The doctrine of contra non va-lentem agere nulla currit praescriptio, an exception to the rule that prescription runs against all persons unless provided by legislation,8 arose from a “long-established principle of law that one should not be able to take advantage of his own wrongful act.”9 Wimberly v. Gatch, 93-2361 (La.4/11/94), 635 So.2d 206, 212; Nathan v. Carter, 372 So.2d 560, 562 (La.1979). Pursuant to the doctrine of contra non valen-tem, prescription does not run against a claimant who is ignorant of the existence of facts that would entitle him to a cause of action, provided that his ignorance is not willful, negligent or unreasonable.10 White [181]*181v. West Carroll Hospital, Inc., 613 So.2d 150, 155-56 (La.1992); Corsey v. State, Through Department of Corrections, 375 So.2d 1319, 1321 (La.1979). There are four categories11 of contra non valentem that suspend liberative prescription. The instant case involves the fourth category, known as the discovery rule, when the cause of action is not known or reasonably knowable by the plaintiff even though his ignorance is not induced by the defendant. Hendrick v. ABC Ins. Co., 2000-2403, 2000-2349, p. 10 (La.5/15/01), 787 So.2d 283, 290. The Louisiana Supreme Court has held that “[t]he equitable nature of the circumstances in each individual case has determined the applicability of the doctrine.” Nathan, 372 So.2d at 563.12
Chrysler argues that the doctrine of contra non valentem is inapplicable to suspend prescription in this case because the Guillots were aware on the date of the accident the facts upon which their cause of action was based. Specifically, Chrysler argues that the Guillots’ delay in filing suit was not reasonable, because although the Guillots may not have immediately known the cause of the delayed movement, the Guillots knew on the date of the accident that their Jeep moved in reverse after a delay.
We find that the Guillots’ claim is similar to the claims alleged by the plaintiff in Hoerner v. Wesley-Jensen, Inc., 95-0553, 684 So.2d 508. In Hoemer, the plaintiff developed ulcerative keratitis, a severe eye infection, necessitating a corneal transplant, as a result of allegedly defective extended-wear contact lenses. Ms. Hoer-ner purchased the extended-wear lenses in November 1986, developed the infection in May 1987, and received the corneal transplant in July 1987. In ^November 1989, Ms. Hoerner reviewed a magazine article regarding the connection between the use of extended-wear lenses and the significantly increased risk of eye infections. This Court found that at the time Ms. Hoerner read the article, she first became aware that her 1987 infection resulted from the use of the extended-wear contacts.
Neither of Ms. Hoerner’s physicians suggested a connection between her extended-wear lenses and her infection, and Ms. Hoerner simply assumed “she was the unfortunate recipient of a ubiquitous germ like one who contracts measles or a cold.” The Defendants argued that the causal relationship between contact lenses and ulcerative keratitis was widely evident pri- [182]*182or to 1987, and that common knowledge should have been construed as constructive knowledge on the part of Ms. Hoerner. This Court rejected those arguments, holding that “the knowledge that contact lens use in general could cause infection is not sufficient to put Ms. Hoerner on notice that her infection and ensuing injury resulted from wearing the extended-wear contact lenses as they were designed and marketed by the defendants to be worn.” Id, 684 So.2d at 511. Additionally, not until 1989 were the hazards of extended-wear lenses recognized in the medical community.13 Therefore, this Court found that because the documentary evidence was not published until 1989, negated the defendant’s expert’s “vague assertions that the risks of extended-wear lenses were ‘always common knowledge’ to eye care ^professionals.” Id. Consequently, Ms. Hoerner could not have discovered the defendants’ wrongful conduct by questioning her physicians as to the cause of her infection in 1987. Id.
Although Ms. Hoerner knew she had suffered an injury in July 1987, “her reasonable inquiry as to the cause of her infection and injury resulted in her being told only that the harm had been caused by a particular bacteria present throughout the environment.” Id. at 514. Accordingly, because “a prescriptive period does not begin to run until a claimant has knowledge of the damage, the wrongful act and the connection between them,” this Court concluded that the record did not evidence that Ms. Hoerner knew or should have known more than one year before she filed suit that her injury may have been related to the defendants’ conduct, and reversed the trial court’s grant of the defendants’ exception of prescription. Id. (emphasis in original).
Like the plaintiff in the Hoerner case, the Guillote had no reason to suspect anything other than an unfortunate mistake on the part of Mr. Guillot. When questioned why he assumed he left the vehicle in reverse rather than immediately suspecting a defect, Mr. Guillot testified, “It’s the only thing I could think that happened.”14 Furthermore, no person who investigated the accident suggested or suspected a vehicle defect.15 The record evi[183]*183dences that the Guillots were not put |9on notice sufficient to excite attention and put them on guard and call for inquiry, nor did the Guillots possess constructive knowledge “tantamount to knowledge or notice of everything to which a reasonable inquiry may lead.” Campo, 2001-2007, p. 12, 828 So.2d at 510-11. Furthermore, an appellate court shall not disturb the trial court’s findings with regard to an exception of prescription absent manifest error. Marino v. Tenet Healthsystem Medical Center, 2009-0915, pp. 3-4 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/24/99), 26 So.3d 297, 299.
Additionally, we find Appellant’s reliance upon Eastin v. Entergy Corporation, 2003-1030 (La.2/6/04), 865 So.2d 49 is misplaced. Eastin involved an age discrimination claim by hundreds of employees against their former employer. Eastin, pp. 1-2 (La.2/6/04), 865 So.2d 49, 51-52. The plaintiffs sought class certification, and filed several supplemental and amending petitions. Eastin, p. 2, 865 So.2d at 52. The Defendants filed exceptions of prescription as to eleven plaintiffs (“Eleven Plaintiffs”), arguing that the eighth supplemental and amending petition contained no allegation as to when the Eleven Plaintiffs knew or should have known of their claim, and the trial court granted the exception. Id. at p. 3, 865 So.2d at 53. The Eleven Plaintiffs appealed and the appeals court reversed, finding that the doctrine of contra non valentem was applicable. Id. The Louisiana Supreme Court reversed, finding that “it is well settled that the damage is sustained in any employment discrimination case at the earlier of the date the employee is | ^informed of his termination or his actual separation from employment.” Id. at p. 3, 865 So.2d at 53.
The Court rejected the Eleven Plaintiffs’ argument that they could not know of the discrimination until they knew of the alleged pattern of discrimination whereby others were also terminated for age-related reasons, and learning of others’ lawsuits. Eastin, p. 7, 865 So.2d at 55. The Court noted that the appropriate standard “does not revolve around the knowledge of others who have filed suit, but relates to the plaintiffs reasonableness.” Id. at p. 8, 865 So.2d at 56. The Court distinguished the Eleven Plaintiffs’ employment discrimination claims from medical malpractice actions, in which plaintiffs may be prevented from knowing of their damages because the damages are manifested at a later date. Id. The Court concluded that the Eleven Plaintiffs’ delay in filing suit was not reasonable, as actual knowledge of the termination gave rise to their cause of action and began the running of prescription. Id.
The facts of the instant case are plainly distinguishable from Eastin.16 As the [184]*184Louisiana Supreme Court noted, the standard for employment actions to begin the running of prescription is the adverse employment action itself. Employees who allege wrongful termination are ostensibly aware of the termination at the time it occurs. The Guillots’ delay in filing suit is simply not analogous to a delay in making a claim for a wrongful termination, because the Guillots did not have the | ^appropriate information to file a claim at the moment the accident occurred. Furthermore, the Guillots’ behavior after the accident was reasonable. As previously noted herein, although the accident was investigated, a vehicle defect was never suspected by the investigating officer, and Mr. Guillot blamed himself for the accident for two years. “Contra non valentem acts to suspend prescription where the action or inaction of the plaintiff is reasonable”, and we find that the Guillots acted reasonably in initially assuming the vehicle had been left in reverse, accepting the investigating officer’s findings, and not immediately consulting an attorney to file suit against Chrysler. Eastin, p. 8, 865 So.2d at 56.
We are likewise unpersuaded by Chrysler’s argument that Allstate Ins. Co. v. Fred’s Inc., 2009-2275 (La.1/29/10), 25 So.Bd 821, renders contra non valentem inapplicable to the facts of the instant case. In Allstate, the Louisiana Supreme Court noted that “Allstate’s two-year delay between its discovery request and its motion to compel, plus an additional year before adding Colony [Insurance Company, the insurer of L & L Import, the manufacturer of an allegedly defective lamp] to the suit, evidences a lack of due diligence on the part of Allstate, precluding application of the contra non valentem doctrine.” Id. Thus, the Court simply concluded that Allstate displayed a lack of due diligence in failing to determine L & L Import and Colony’s identity until two years after propounding discovery, and another year after that before adding Colony to the lawsuit. The facts of Allstate are plainly inapposite to the facts of this case. This assignment of error lacks merit.
| ^Assignments of Error # 2 and # 3
In the second and third assignments of error, Chrysler argues that the trial court improperly declined to exclude Gerald Rosenbluth’s expert opinion and did not consider Daubert/Foret evidence in connection with Mr. Rosenbluth’s testimony. Chrysler further objects to the trial court’s admission of Mr. Rosenbluth’s demonstrations regarding the gear shift; the trial court’s admission of reports of other accidents involving Jeep Cherokees; and the trial court’s admission of James Williams’ opinions regarding the corporate conduct of Chrysler and its counsel subsequent to the Guillots’ accident.
In Lam v. State Farm, this Court held that a trial court’s failure to hold a Dau-bert17 hearing regarding the qualification of a defendant’s expert was legal error. Lam v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 2003-0180 (La.App. 4 Cir. 4/1/05), 901 So.2d 559, aff'd in part, rev’d in part on other grounds, 05-1139 (La.11/29/06), 946 So.2d 133. In this case, however, the rec[185]*185ord evidences, and Chrysler acknowledges in its brief, the trial court conducted a Daubert hearing at trial.18
Additionally, this Court has held that “[a] trial judge has wide discretion in determining whether to allow a witness to testify as an expert, and his judgment will not be disturbed by an appellate court unless it is clearly erroneous.” Laura’s Products, Inc. v. 600 Conti Street, LLC, 2007-0819, p. 10 (La.App. 4 Cir. 4/9/08), 982 So.2d 934, 940 (citing Radlein v. Holiday Inns, Inc., 07-0322, p. 7 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/14/07), 971 So.2d 1200, 1205); see also Lam, 2003-0180, p. 5, 901 So.2d at 565 (recognizing that “absent clear error, the trial court’s decision regarding the | ^testimony of an expert will not be reversed on appeal”). Mr. Rosenbluth testified that he has been qualified as an expert regarding his methodology hundreds of times in state and federal court in the past thirty years, and that he had been an expert with regard to the particulár transmission systems at issue in the instant case on over 120 occasions. Although not an engineer himself, Mr. Rosenbluth also testified that his methodology was analogous to that used by engineers at the NHTSA, the federal government’s Vehicle Research Testing Center, and also General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler. Moreover, Chrysler was afforded the opportunity to cross-examine Mr. Rosenbluth. Accordingly, we find no manifest error in the trial court’s admission of Mr. Rosenbluth’s expert opinion after conducting the requested Daubert hearing.
Next, Chrysler argues that Mr. Rosenbluth’s methodology was improper because he intentionally manipulated the gearshift from park to reverse in order to achieve the desired result.19 Likewise, Chrysler argues that the trial court erred in allowing Appellees’ expert James Williams to corroborate Mr. Rosenbluth’s findings, as Mr. Williams also intentionally manipulated the gearshift. Chrysler further argues that the video of Mr. Rosen-bluth’s tests, which the jury viewed, was unfairly prejudicial under La.Code Evid. art. 40320 because his repeated manipulations to achieve the gearshift’s misposition were intentional, while Appellees’ theory was that Mr. Guillot inadvertently mispositioned the gearshift.21
It is well-settled that a trial court is allowed great discretion in assessing the probative value of evidence pursuant to La.Code Evid. Art. 403. Gurley v. Encompass Ins. Co. of America, 2007-1477, p. 3 (La.App. 4 Cir. 5/14/08), 985 So.2d 299, 302. “Upon review, the trial court’s rulings on issues such as the relevance of evidence and whether the probative value of relevant evidence is substantially outweighed by its prejudicial effect should not be disturbed absent a clear abuse of discretion.” Id. at pp. 3 — 4, 985 So.2d at 302 (citing Jones v. Peyton Place, Inc., 95-0574, pp. 11-12 (La.App. 4 Cir. [186]*1865/22/96), 675 So.2d 754, 763).22 Furthermore, it was established at trial that the precise place where such a mispositioning of the gearshift can occur is extremely small, and the likelihood of achieving a misposition is likewise small. Mr. Rosen-bluth testified that he located this small area and performed his testing accordingly, rather than attempting natural shifts to achieve the result inadvertently.23 Considering the foregoing, we do not find that the record evidences an abuse of discretion by the trial court in allowing the jury to view the video of Mr. Rosenbluth’s testing or in admitting Mr. Williams’24 expert testimony.25
| ifiWith regard to evidence regarding other similar incidents (“OSIs”), Chrysler argues that the trial court erred in allowing Mr. Williams to present evidence of numerous customer complaints to Chrysler regarding incidents involving Jeep Cherokees. Chrysler argues that the trial court erred in allowing Mr. Williams’ testimony regarding these OSIs without questioning him as to the substantial simi[187]*187larity of the incidents compared to the Guillots’ experience, because the OSIs were not substantially similar with respect to the vehicle, the specific defect, and the facts of the OSI. Specifically, Chrysler argues that the Guillots’ Jeep, a WJ model 1999 Grand Cherokee, was different from earlier models in the OSI summary in that it had a different gear shift selector.
It is well-settled that “a trial judge is accorded discretion under [La.Code Evid. arts. 401-403] concerning the admission of evidence on the grounds of relevance, and the trial court’s decision will not be reversed absent a finding of abuse of discretion.” Brodtmann v. Duke, 96-0257, p. 12 (La.App. 4 Cir. 2/11/98), 708 So.2d 447, 455 (citing Dixon v. Winn-Dixie Louisiana, Inc., 93-1627 (La.App. 4 Cir. 5/17/94), 638 So.2d 306, 312); see also Gurley, 2007-1477, pp. 3-4, 985 So.2d at 302. While we agree with Chrysler’s contention that properly submitted |lfi“other accident” evidence must be substantially similar to the accident at issue,26 we find that such evidence was substantially similar in the instant case.
In this case, the record evidences, and the trial court found, that Mr. Rosenbluth laid a foundation which established a substantial similarity between the OSIs and the Guillots’ accident, because in each instance, the transmission was identical to the transmission that was in the Guillots’ Jeep Grand Cherokee. Mr. Rosenbluth testified regarding his inspection of the Guillots’ vehicle as well as several park-to-reverse accidents where he inspected the vehicle and the accident scene.27 In one such accident that Mr. Rosenbluth investigated, the jury viewed a video, captured by bank surveillance cameras, of an accident in which the driver and sole occupant of a 1998 Jeep Cherokee exits the vehicle and approaches an ATM machine; the Jeep moves on its own approximately eighteen seconds later. Mr. Rosenbluth testified regarding his two inspections of the Jeep involved in this accident, as well as his inspection of the site where the accident occurred, and testified that the unintended powered reverse occurrence was similar to the 1999 Jeep Grand Cherokee.
The trial court also admitted a February 2003 report from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (“NHTSA”) Vehicle Research Testing Center (“VRTC”) in East Liberty, Ohio, in which Jeep Grand Cherokees ranging |]7from 1993 to 1999 were tested regarding the unintended powered reverse problem.28 [188]*188In the report, no substantial differences between the 1999 Jeep Grand Cherokee and the 1993-1998 Jeep Grand Cherokees were noted. Mr. Rosenbluth testified regarding the lack of distinction between the 1999 Jeep Grand Cherokee and other Jeep Grand Cherokees in the VRTC report:
Q. Mr. Rosenbluth, I just have a very specific question. They did a report, the Vehicle Research Testing Facility said they did a report in which they tested 1999 Grand Cherokee?
A. Correct.
Q. And what did the Vehicle Research Testing Center find when they tested [the] 1999 Grand Cherokees with the in line six [the type of vehicle involved in the Guillots’ accident] and the 42RE transmission. When they tested them, what were the results of their test? What did they show?
A. They found they didn’t behave significantly different from the '93 to '98.
Q. And did the Vehicle Research Testing Center, did they find that you could take a Grand Cherokee with the in line six and 42RE transmission like this from 1999, and have a delayed engagement of hydraulic reverse on it?
A. Yes, they did.
Q. And in all the testing of 1999 Grand Cherokees with an in line six and 42RE transmission, just like the Guillots’ vehicle, did they find that every one of those vehicles had a delayed engagement in reverse?
A. Yes.
Q. And did they find any substantial difference in the performance of the 1999 Grand Cherokees with the in line six and the 42RE transmission in the '93 to '98 vehicles?
A. Not any significant difference.
[[Image here]]
|1SQ. And Mr. Rosenbluth, in the various testing that was done, as described in the VRTC report which I’ve marked as Exhibit 90, did NHTSA utilize the same methodology and test procedures that you use in this case?
A. NHTSA did, and the [V] RTC did, as well.
Furthermore, although Chrysler argues that the new shift selector in 1999 Jeep Grand Cherokees distinguishes it from other vehicles such that the OSIs were improperly admitted, the record demonstrates that the NHTSA found that the 1999 shift selector did not eliminate the potential to have an unintended powered reverse on a Jeep Grand Cherokee. Chrysler’s expert, Mr. Keefer, testified that he did not dispute the NHTSA’s findings in this respect:
Q. And, sir, we’ve heard some discussion about the change from [counsel for Chrysler]. And in fact the 1993 to 1998 Grand Cherokees had an older shift selector, didn’t they, sir. This one right here?
A. That looks like it.
Q. Okay. And in 1999, some people, if you got a V8 you got the new transmission, but everybody got this new shift selector, right?
A. They got the one over there, yes, if that’s the same one.
Q. Now, what did NHTSA say about the addition of the shift selector. Did they say that made it impossible to have unintended powered reverse in this car, the same '99s that they tested?
A. My recollection is that they said that there were three or, I think it was four, significant improvements and that the complaint rates were different, down, way down, and that they could, in fact, if they worked at it, still get what they called the UPR, which is consistent with the kind of thing that we did with [189]*189the variety of vehicles having this positioning and reengagement.
Q. And discussing the 1999 Grand Cherokees, what NHTSA said was, “Unintended powered reverse was found to occur only when the transmission was not shifted into gated park and when hydraulic reverse temporarily disengaged during the shift process. A flat spot on the manual lever between reverse and park appears to be a major 119factor contributing to mis-shifting. The addition of a new shift lever detent and spring on the 1999 and later models” That’s what we just saw, right, sir? That’s the new shift lever from 1999?
A. Yes. That’s the detent.
Q. “May reduce the probability but not eliminate the possibility of mis-shifting the transmission. The new components had no effect on the occurrence of early hydraulic disengagement.” Is that what the NHTSA said?
A. Early hydraulic disengagement. I’m not sure what that means, but that’s what they said. You read it properly and that’s, generally, consistent with what I told you?
Q. Do you agree with what the NHTSA said?
A. I have no reason to disagree with their findings.
Considering the foregoing, we do not find that the trial court abused its discretion in admitting OSI demonstrations and testimony on the basis of substantial similarity. Likewise, we find that the probative value of such evidence outweighed any prejudicial effect. See Gurley, 2007-1477, pp. 3-4, 985 So.2d at 302.
Next, Chrysler argues that the trial court erred in admitting irrelevant and prejudicial evidence of alleged negligence and wrongdoing by Chrysler and its attorneys. Appellees’ expert, James Williams, testified regarding other accidents that had been investigated by Chrysler, as well as Chrysler’s corporate conduct with respect to Jeep Grand Cherokee customer complaints received by Chrysler. Mr. Williams testified that, up until the date of the Guillots’ accident on May 21, 1999, Chrysler had received over 200 park-to-reverse customer complaints regarding the Jeep Grand Cherokee with the transmission that went into production in 1993. Of the 200 customer complaints that he reviewed, twenty-two were admitted into evidence. These twenty-two customer complaints were instances |2pwhere Chrysler’s investigators were able to successfully achieve the delayed engagement from placing the vehicle between park and reverse that had been alleged in the customer complaint. Additionally, each of the twenty-two vehicles involved in the customer complaints had the same transmission as the one in the Guillots’ vehicle. As previously noted herein, we find no error on the part of the trial court in the admission of Mr. Williams’ testimony with regard to the customer complaints or in admitting into evidence the twenty-two complaints in which the delayed engagement of reverse was achieved by Chrysler’s investigators.29
Likewise, we disagree with Chrysler’s contention that the trial court erred in [190]*190admitting denial letters Chrysler sent in response to customer complaints. The letters were relevant to Chrysler’s theory that August was at fault in the accident. Accordingly, the trial court did not abuse its discretion with respect to the admission of the denial letters.30 See Brodtmann v. Duke, 96-0257, pp. 12-13 (La.App. 4 Cir. 2/11/98), 708 So.2d 447, 455-456.
Assignment of Error # 4
In its fourth assignment of error, Chrysler argues that the trial court erred in admitting evidence establishing that Chrysler’s New Orleans counsel faxed a copy of the Guillots’ police report to Chrysler’s Office of General Counsel on June 9, 1999. Chrysler submits that the document was introduced merely to inflame the jury, as counsel for Appellees noted that it was faxed on the same date that Collin |21was buried, and suggested that Chrysler’s tracking of the Guillots’ accident while the prescriptive period ran was evidence of Chrysler’s awareness of a defect. Chrysler further argues that the incident report was inadmissible hearsay under La.Code Evid. Art. 803(8)(b)(i).31 At trial, Chrysler objected to the admission of the report, but the trial court overruled the objection, noting that the fax was relevant to the issue of prescription, which Chrysler also asserts was an error by the trial court, as prescription was a legal issue for the court to decide.
As recognized previously herein, a trial court is afforded vast discretion with regard to evidentiary rulings, and the court’s decision to admit or deny evidence will not be disturbed on appeal absent a clear abuse of that discretion. Jones v. Peyton Place, Inc., 95-0574, pp. 11-12 (La.App. 4 Cir. 5/22/96), 675 So.2d 754, 763. Where improperly admitted evidence is merely corroborative and cumulative of other properly introduced evidence, it is considered harmless error. State v. Taylor, 2001-1638, p. 22 (La.1/14/03), 838 So.2d 729, 748. We find that even if the police report were improperly admitted, the error, if any, was harmless. The trial court noted that the fax was relevant not only to the issue of prescription, but also as evidence of Chrysler’s possession of information regarding the Guillots’ accident at the time it occurred. Therefore, we do not find that the trial court’s decision to admit the police report constituted a clear abuse of the trial court’s vast discretion. See Jones, supra; see also Brodtmann v. Duke, 96-0257, p. 12, 708 So.2d at 456 (emphasizing the trial court’s vast discretion with regard to the admission of evidence on the grounds of relevance).
Assignment of Error # 5
In its fifth assignment of error, Chrysler argues that the jury’s verdict was [191]*191clearly wrong in allocating only 1% of fault to August Guillot, and that his percentage of fault should be increased, as the jury found that his negligence proximately caused or contributed to the damages. Chrysler submits that Mr. Guillot was aware of the danger, had the last clear chance to prevent the accident, and was careless in not ensuring that the vehicle was in park.
With regard to allocation of fault, great deference is afforded to trier of fact. Clement v. Frey, 95-1119, 95-1163, p. 7 (La.1/16/96), 666 So.2d 607, 610. “[A]llocation of fault is not an exact science, or the search for one precise ratio, but rather an acceptable range, and that any allocation by the fact finder within that range cannot be ‘clearly wrong.’ ” Foley v. Entergy La., Inc., 06-0983, p. 32 (La.11/29/06), 946 So.2d 144, 166. Only after making a determination that the trier of fact’s apportionment of fault is clearly wrong can an appellate court disturb the award. Clement, 95-1119 at p. 7, 666 So.2d at 611. In determining allocation of fault, a jury is obligated to consider the nature of each party’s wrongful conduct and the extent of the causal relationship between that conduct and the damages suffered. See Watson v. State Farm Fire and Cas. Ins. Co., 469 So.2d 967, 971 (La.1985).32
| ¾-jüpon a careful review of the record, we find that the jury’s findings as to the allocation of fault are reasonable and were not an abuse of discretion. We disagree with Chrysler’s alarmist assertion that the allocation of only a nominal degree of fault to August Guillot will serve as a disincentive to other drivers to act prudently before exiting their vehicles.
Assignment of Error # 6
In the sixth assignment of error, Chrysler argues that the trial court erred in allowing the jury to award duplicative elements of general damages.
First, Chrysler argues that the trial court used a verdict form that over-itemized related items and thus allowed several elements of damages that were duplicative and not recoverable under Louisiana law. Chrysler submits that in addition to general damages, the jury also awarded August Guillot separate awards for his mental anguish and emotional distress, wrongful death, loss of consortium for Juli Guillot’s injury, and his own lost enjoyment of life. Chrysler argues that each compensating emotional or mental injury to a plaintiff who was not physically injured is improper as a matter of law, and that at a minimum, the jury’s $200,000.00 award for Mr. Guil-lot’s lost enjoyment of life should be vacated.
With regard to Mr. Guillot’s damages for loss of enjoyment of life, both Mr. Guillot and Lt. Lee33 testified regarding the mental anguish and distress Mr. Guil-lot personally suffered as a result of the accident. Juli also testified regarding Mr. Guillot’s tremendous emotional suffering resulting from the accident:
Augie was real depressed, and he was real sad and everything, and it was like, [192]*192I’ve got to keep my family together. This is horrible. We’ve got to make it through this. He looked at me; we were sitting at the table and he said, Juli, I know you blame me, and I said, I don’t blame you. I said, if you blame yourself, then, maybe, we need to get |24you some help, but [I] said, I don’t blame you for this. We just had to — we had to hold our family together. We had a three-year-old.
Accordingly, the jury could reasonably award damages for Mr. Guil-lot’s loss of enjoyment of life as a result of his injuries,34 as “a participant in an acei-[193]*193dent is entitled to recover any damages sustained as a result of an injury, whether physical or mental or both.” Brodtmann, 96-0257 at 24, 708 So.2d at 461 (citing Morris v. Maryland Cas. Co., 94-1556 (La.App. 3 Cir. 5/3/95), 657 So.2d 198)(holding that a train engineer was allowed recovery for “serious psychological damages” resulting from an accident with an automobile even though engineer sustained no physical damages). In Molden v. Georgia Gulf Corporation, the Court examined the Third Circuit’s reasoning in Morris, supra, noting that “[w]hat was important to the court in Morris was the plaintiffs involvement in the accident which caused his serious psychological damage.” Molden v. Georgia Gulf Corporation, 465 F.Supp.2d 606, n. 77 (M.D.La.11/14/06)(emphasis added). Accordingly, where a plaintiff is an “actual participant[ ] in an accident ... mental anguish [is] clearly a foreseeable injury.” Molden, 465 F.Supp.2d at 617.35
Furthermore, loss of enjoyment of life may be listed as a separate item of damages pursuant to La. Civ.Code art. 2315.6 and the Louisiana Supreme Court’s decision in McGee v. AC & S, 2005-1036, p. 6 (La.7/10/06), 933 So.2d 770, 774-75. Noting that “[c]ourts commonly list different elements of general damages, including mental anguish and physical pain and suffering, both past and future, separately,” the McGee Court held that “allowing a separate award for loss of enjoyment of life would not offend the existing concept of general damages and tuould reflect the accepted method of listing elements of general damages separately.” Id. (emphasis added). The Court further described the distinction between the loss of enjoyment of life and other types of general damages:
| ^Moreover, loss of enjoyment of life is conceptually distinct from other components of general damages, including pain and suffering. Pain and suffering, both physical and mental, refers to the pain, discomfort, inconvenience, anguish, and emotional trauma that accompanies an injury. Loss of enjoyment of life, in comparison, refers to detrimental alterations of the person’s life or lifestyle or the person’s inability to participate in the activities or pleasures of life that were formerly enjoyed pri- or to the injury. In contrast to pain and suffering, whether or not a plaintiff experiences a detrimental lifestyle change depends on both the nature and severity of the injury and the lifestyle of the plaintiff prior to the injury.
Id. (emphasis added).
The Court also described the distinction between loss of enjoyment of life and loss of consortium, noting that “[l]oss of consortium is a harm to a relational interest which occurs when the other party to the relationship suffers physical harm (invasion of an interest or personality).”36 Id. [194]*194at p. 13, 933 So.2d at 779. Likewise, this Court explicitly recognized the Louisiana Supreme Court’s position that a separate award for loss of enjoyment of life is not erroneous as a matter of law, and thus may properly be listed as a separate and independent item of damages, in McGee v. AC & S, supra, in Clarkston v. Louisiana Farm Bureau Cas. Ins. Co.:
Notably, in McGee v. AC & S, Inc., 05-1036 (La.7/10/06), 933 So.2d 770, the Supreme Court specifically rejected this court’s earlier position that a separate award for loss of enjoyment is erroneous as a matter of law: “A majority of the lower courts have supported this position by allowing separate awards for loss of enjoyment of life ... while only the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeal has held that such an award is erroneous as a matter of law ... However, we reject the Fourth Circuit’s conclusion ...” Id., pp. 7, 12, 933 So.2d at 776, 778.
Clarkston v. Louisiana Farm Bureau Cas. Ins. Co., 2007-0158, p. 38 (La.App. 4 Cir. 7/2/08), 989 So.2d 164, n. 15 (quoting McGee, supra).
127While we are mindful of the McGee Court’s language regarding awards to family members of the primary tort victim for loss of enjoyment of life, it is important to note that those principles are inapplicable to the particular facts of this case. The McGee Court commented that allowing a family member of a primary tort victim to recover for both loss of enjoyment of life and loss of consortium would be duplica-tive. McGee, p. 13, 933 So.2d at 779. To illustrate how the awards could be considered duplicative, the Court used the hypothetical of an injured husband and his (ostensibly non-injured) wife, noting that “a wife’s claim that she is unable to engage in activities that she formerly enjoyed pri- or to her husband’s injury, such as taking vacations, attending sporting events, or dancing, is compensated under loss of consortium and need not be compensated again under loss of enjoyment of life.”37 Id. (emphasis added).
This case does not present such a scenario. Here, Mr. Guillot was compensated by the jury for loss of enjoyment of life “as a consequence of his injuries,” pursuant to the language on the jury verdict form (emphasis added). Thus, unlike the hypothetical posed by the Court in McGee, supra, the jury’s award to Mr. Guillot was separate and independent from Mrs. Guil-lot’s injuries, and resulted from his own injuries that he suffered in the accident-mental anguish and emotional distress.38
Finally, and perhaps most significantly, McGee ultimately held that “whether or not loss of enjoyment of life is recoverable depends on the particular |2sfacts of the case, and should be left to the district court’s discretion on a case-by-case analysis.” Id. at p. 12, 933 So.2d 770 (emphasis added). Considering the horrific nature of [195]*195the injuries suffered by Mr. Guillot, and the unusual and extraordinary facts and circumstances of this particular case, we find that the jury did not err in compensating Mr. Guillot for his loss of enjoyment of life as a consequence of his injuries.
Chrysler further argues that Le-jeune damages39 do not apply to witnessing an injury to a child in útero, noting that Civil Code Article 2315.6 provides for damages for parents and siblings viewing an event causing injury to another person.40 Chrysler submits Civil Code article 26 provides that an unborn child born alive is a person, but only “for whatever relates to its interests.” Therefore, Chrysler maintains, the Article 2315.6 action does not relate to the interests of the unborn child, because Article 2315.6 does not relate to the interests of the fetus, but rather to the interests of family members. Chrysler submits that the portion of the award to August and Madison Guillot for witnessing the injury sustained by Collin Guillot must be vacated; likewise, Juli Guillot’s award for same must be 1 a3vacated in its entirety. However, Chrysler does not challenge the award to August and Madison Guillot for witnessing the injury to Juli Guillot.
Considering Chrysler’s argument with regard to the Lejeune damages, it is important to note, as Chrysler acknowledges, that La. Civ.Code art. 2641 provides that an unborn child born alive is a person from conception. Article 2315.6 specifically provides that the mother, father, and siblings of the “injured person” may recover damages for witnessing the injury to the injured person. Collin Guillot was not only born alive, but was also alive for seventeen days, and was a natural person in útero. Accordingly, Wartelle v. Women’s and Children’s Hosp., Inc., 97-0744, pp. 10-13 (La.12/2/97), 704 So.2d 778, 784-85, disallowing an Article 2315.6 recovery on behalf of a stillborn fetus, is inapplicable to the facts of the instant case. Wartelle simply held that a stillborn fetus cannot be considered a “person” for purposes of Article 2315.6. Id. Therefore, we can find no error in the jury’s award to August, Juli, and Madison Guillot for witnessing the injury to Collin Guillot.
[196]*196Chrysler further argues that because Juli Guillot subsequently gave birth to a healthy child, the jury’s award for loss of ability to bear additional children is legally erroneous. We disagree. The record evidences that after the birth of her daughter, Blythe, Juli underwent a tubal ligation as a result of the severe damage and scarring to her reproductive organs from the accident.42 Additionally, the jury |snheard extensive testimony with respect to the irreversible damage to Juli’s reproductive organs as a result of the accident. An at-fault party must compensate the victim of a tort for all damages resulting from the act. McGee, 933 So.2d at 773. Therefore, we find that the jury’s award for loss of ability to bear additional children was not manifestly erroneous or clearly wrong.
Assignment of Error # 7
In its final assignment of error, Chrysler argues that the jury awarded excessive general damages.
The well-settled standard of review for general damages is whether the trial court abused its discretion. Youn v. Maritime Overseas Corp., 623 So.2d 1257, 1261 (La.1993). The trial court’s discretion “is ‘great’ and even vast, so that an appellate court should rarely disturb an award of general damages.” Id. Although reasonable persons may disagree regarding an award of general damages in a particular case, “[i]t is only when an award is, in either direction, beyond that which a reasonable trier of fact could assess for the effects of the particular injury to the particular plaintiff under the particular circumstances that the appellate court should increase or reduce the award.” Id. Only if an abuse of discretion is found will the reviewing court refer to prior awards, and then only for the purpose of determining the highest or lowest point within the court’s discretion. Logan v. Brink’s, Inc., 2009-0001, p. 13 (La.App. 4 Cir. 7/1/09), 16 So.3d 530, 540 (citing Riley v. Maison Orleans II, Inc., 2001-0498, p. 11 (La.App. 4 Cir. 9/25/02), 829 So.2d 479, 487). For a trial court to have abused its vast discretion, the award |31“must be so high or so low in proportion to the injury or fault that it ‘shocks the conscience.’ ” Id.
We do not find that the trial court abused its vast discretion with respect to the general damage award, nor do we find that the award shocks the conscience. It is indisputable that the unique facts of this case are extraordinarily tragic. Additionally, the Louisiana Supreme Court has held that “[t]he determination of the severity of mental anguish of distress resulting from the death of another is a fact question which depends upon several components, including, but not limited to, the closeness of the ties between the parties, the degree of love in the relationship, and the length of the relationship.” Herbert v. Webre, 2008-0060, p. 8 (La.5/21/08), 982 So.2d 770, n. 7 (citing Hill v. Shelter Mut. Ins. Co., 05-1783 (La.7/10/06), 935 So.2d 691, 695). The record evidences that the Guillots testified as to the extreme anguish and emotional suffering associated with making the determination to end Collin’s [197]*197life. Juli Guillot further testified that she and August held Collin as he died, and that, at their request, the nurses warmed up Collin’s body so that his skin would not appear blue in the photographs they took after disconnecting Collin from the endo-tracheal tube and ventilator.
The Guillots’ treating physician, Dr. Reynolds, also testified regarding his distinct recollection of the loving bond between the Guillots and their son Collin. Dr. Reynolds stated that he observed this bond and noted that in his general experience, the bond between parent and child is strengthened by technological innovations which allow parents to learn the sex of a child and thus choose names before birth, and to view ultrasound pictures that evidence the baby’s appearance and features. As previously noted herein, an appellate court may not disturb a jury’s finding of fact unless the record establishes that a factual, reasonable basis |S2does not exist and the finding is clearly wrong or manifestly erroneous. Syrie v. Schilhab, 96-1027, p. 4 (La.5/20/97), 693 So.2d 1173, 1176.
Notably, the Louisiana Supreme Court recently reiterated the well-established principle that vast discretion is afforded to the factfinder in assessing the appropriate amount of both general and special damages, and is therefore entitled to great deference on review. Menard v. Lafayette Ins. Co., 2009-1869, pp. 7-9 (La.3/16/10), 31 So.3d 996, 1007 (citing Guillory v. Lee, 09-0075 at p. 14, 16 So.3d 1104, 1116; Wainwright v. Fontenot, 00-0492 at p. 6, 774 So.2d 70, 74). Accordingly, although a reviewing court may feel that its determinations are more reasonable, the Court emphasized that the trier of fact’s conclusions should rarely be disturbed on review:
[T]he reviewing court must give great weight to factual conclusions of the trier of fact; where there is conflict in the testimony, reasonable evaluations of credibility and reasonable inferences of fact should not be disturbed upon review, even though the appellate court may feel that its own evaluations and inferences are as reasonable. The reason for this well-settled principle of review is based not only upon the trial court’s better capacity to evaluate live witnesses (as compared with the appellate court’s access only to a cold record), but also upon the proper allocation of trial and appellate functions between the respective courts.
Id. (quoting Guillory, 09-0075 at p. 14, 16 So.3d at 1116-17; Perkins v. Entergy Corp., 00-1372 (La.3/23/01), 782 So.2d 606).
The Court then articulated a two-step process for an appellate court reviewing a jury’s determination regarding special damages:
An appellate court, in reviewing a jury’s factual conclusions with regard to special damages, must satisfy a two-step process based on the record as a whole: there must be no reasonable factual basis for the trial court’s conclusion, and the finding must be clearly wrong. Kaiser [v. Hardin], 06-2092 at pp. 11-12, 953 So.2d at 810; Guillory v. Insurance Co. of North America, 96-1084, p. 5 (La.4/8/97), 692 So.2d 1029, 1032. This test requires a reviewing court to do more than simply review the record for some evidence, which supports or | ¡^controverts the trial court’s findings. The court must review the entire record to determine whether the trial court’s finding was clearly wrong or manifestly erroneous. Guillory, 09-0075 at p. 16, 16 So.3d at 1118; Kaiser, 06-2092 at p. 12, 953 So.2d at 810. The issue to be resolved on review is not whether the jury was right or wrong, but whether the jury’s fact finding conclusion was a reasonable one. Rosell v. ESCO, 549 [198]*198So.2d 840, 844 (La.1989); Canter v. Koehnng Co., 283 So.2d 716, 724 (La.1973).
Id. at pp. 14-15, 31 So.3d 996 (emphasis in original).
Likewise, “[a]n appellate court on review must be cautious not to re-weigh the evidence or to substitute its own factual findings just because it would have decided the case differently.” Id. at p. 15, 31 So.3d 996 (citing Rosell, 549 So.2d at 844). Based upon the record as a whole, we cannot say that the jury’s determinations were unreasonable.
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the trial court’s judgment is affirmed.
AFFIRMED.
TOBIAS, J., concurs in part, dissents in part, and assigns reasons.