Gray v. Courtney Equipment Co.

689 So. 2d 607, 1997 La. App. LEXIS 131, 1997 WL 43435
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedFebruary 5, 1997
DocketNo. 96-908
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 689 So. 2d 607 (Gray v. Courtney Equipment Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gray v. Courtney Equipment Co., 689 So. 2d 607, 1997 La. App. LEXIS 131, 1997 WL 43435 (La. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinion

WOODARD, Judge.

Defendant employer appeals a judgment of the Office of Workers’ Compensation, awarding benefits and medical treatment to plaintiff employee, asserting lack of sufficient evidence to prove injury. We affirm.

FACTS

On October 27, 1993, plaintiff, Dan Gray (Gray), was injured while working for the defendant, Courtney Equipment Company, Inc. (Courtney). Gray was treated by Dr. Charles Joiner, a family practitioner, who initially released Gray to light-duty work, but thereafter restricted him from work due to his complaints of pain in his lower back and leg. Gray was further treated by physicians [608]*608at the Veterans Administration (V.A.) Medical Center in Alexandria, Louisiana. On February 17, 1994, he was examined by Dr. Clifton Shepherd, an orthopedic surgeon, who recommended a CT scan and an MRI. Dr. Shepherd, saw Gray again on March 9, |21994, and based on his examination and the results of the tests, recommended that Gray return to work. On March 23, 1994, Courtney requested an independent medical examination which was performed by Dr. John Weiss, an orthopedic surgeon, on June 8, 1994. Dr. Weiss reported no objective findings of injury and also recommended that Gray return to work. Courtney paid workers’ compensation benefits to Gray from the date of the accident until July 20, 1994, the day they received the report from Dr. Weiss. Gray continued to be treated at the V.A. Medical Center, primarily by Dr. Ngoc Nguyen. Dr. Nguyen first examined Gray on August 15, 1994, diagnosed him as having a low back sprain, and recommended physical therapy. On October 20, 1994, Gray filed a disputed claim for workers’ compensation benefits. On July 5, 1995, before his claim was heard, Gray was involved in an automobile accident which injured his neck. On July 7, 1995, Dr. Robert Rush examined Gray and opined that the car accident had definitely caused a cervical injury, exacerbating the injury to Gray’s lower back. On November 14, 1995, Dr. Rush released Gray back to the V.A. Medical Center for continued treatment of his lower back.

Gray’s claim was heard, and a judgment was rendered, on January 17, 1996. The hearing officer ruled that:

(1) Gray remained temporarily, totally disabled from the date of termination of benefits, June 20, 1994, through the date of the hearing and is entitled to back-due compensation;
(2) Gray suffered a non-work-related accident on July 5, 1995, which aggravated his work-related lower back injury;
(3) Gray is entitled to payment of medical treatment related to his lower back;
(4) Gray is entitled to medical treatment recommended by Dr. Nguyen, including but not limited to physical therapy, pain management and/or low back conditioning;
(5)Courtney is entitled to a credit for amounts received in settlement of the non-work-related accident and injury less attorney’s fees and costs;
13(6) Courtney was not arbitrary and capricious in terminating indemnity benefits; the claim for penalties and attorney’s fees being denied;
(7) Courtney is assessed with all costs of the proceedings.

It is from this judgment that Courtney now appeals.

ASSIGNMENTS OF ERROR

Courtney claims that:

(1) The hearing officer erred in awarding Dan Gray temporary, total disability benefits when he failed to meet the required standard of proof of an objective injury by clear and convincing evidence.
(2) The hearing officer erred in assuming jurisdiction to adjudicate the right of Courtney Equipment Company, Inc. to the potential third party claim related to an accident July 5,1995, which arose outside of the employment relationship.

LAW

AWARDING OF TEMPORARY, TOTAL DISABILITY Payments

In its first assignment of error, Courtney asserts that the hearing officer erred in awarding Gray temporary, total disability benefits when he failed to meet the required standard of proof for an objective injury by clear and convincing evidence. Initially, we note that a hearing officer’s determination as to whether the claimant met his burden of proof is a factual determination. As such, this determination will not be disturbed on review absent manifest error. An appellate court will only set aside a factual finding by a hearing officer if the record demonstrates that there was no reasonable basis for the finding and that the finding was clearly wrong. Stobart v. State through DOTD, 617 So.2d 880 (La.1993). This standard of review demands great deference be[609]*609cause “only the fact finder can be aware of the variations in demeanor and tone of voice that bear so heavily on the listener’s understanding and belief in what is said.” Rosell v. ESCO, 549 So.2d 840, 844 (La.1989).

Courtney asserts that this rule of law deals only with factual findings and asserts that the hearing officer committed errors of both law and fact. Specifically, |4Courtney asserts that the hearing officer erred in not applying the “clear and convincing” standard of proof to Gray’s claim, as required by La.R.S. 23:1221(1) and our recent jurisprudence. In support of this assertion, Courtney cites Comeaux v. Sam Broussard Trucking, 94-1631 (La.App. 3 Cir. 5/31/95), 657 So.2d 449, in which this court held that “to satisfy the clear and convincing standard, it must be established that the ‘existence of the disputed fact [is] highly probable, that is, much more probable than its non-existence.’ ” Id. at 454 (citing Succession of Bartie, 472 So.2d 578, 582 (La.1985)). This court further held that a claimant may prove a disability by medical and lay testimony and that the hearing officer must weight both in order to determine whether the plaintiff has met his burden. Id.

While Courtney does not argue that the hearing officer erred in considering both lay and medical testimony, it does assert that the hearing officer erred as a matter of law insofar as her ruling was unsupported by any objective evidence of an injury. This court has held that “there must be objective medical evidence to carry the burden of proving disability by clear and convincing evidence.” Cormier v. Resthaven Nursing Home, 95-230, p. 5 (La.App. 3 Cir. 1/17/96), 670 So.2d 233, 237 (citations omitted).

In her written reasons for judgment, the hearing officer emphasized the testimony of Dr. Nguyen, who opined that Gray had a lower back sprain. He based this opinion on his examinations of Gray prior to the auto accident and the results of his x-ray. He further stated that Gray had a possible nerve root irritation, which he thought was consistent with Gray’s pain, and recommended another CT and MRI. Finally, Dr. Nguyen stated that, in his opinion, Gray was unable to work and recommended work hardening and intensive back conditioning. All of the above evidence constitutes objective medical evidence: the expert testimony, the results of the examinations, and the results of the tests performed. In its argument, Courtney relies on the opinions of Dr. Shepherd and Dr. Weiss, the independent medical examiner. Both doctors stated that Gray’s MRIs came back as basically normal. They could find no cause of Gray’s continued complaints of pain. Based on these reports, Courtney discontinued benefits. The hearing officer, however, noted that Dr.

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Bluebook (online)
689 So. 2d 607, 1997 La. App. LEXIS 131, 1997 WL 43435, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gray-v-courtney-equipment-co-lactapp-1997.