Gonzalez v. A-1 Self Storage, Inc.

795 A.2d 885, 350 N.J. Super. 403, 41 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 1119, 2000 N.J. Super. LEXIS 496
CourtNew Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division
DecidedFebruary 25, 2000
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 795 A.2d 885 (Gonzalez v. A-1 Self Storage, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gonzalez v. A-1 Self Storage, Inc., 795 A.2d 885, 350 N.J. Super. 403, 41 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 1119, 2000 N.J. Super. LEXIS 496 (N.J. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

795 A.2d 885 (2000)
350 N.J. Super. 403

Lisa GONZALEZ, Plaintiff,
v.
A-1 SELF STORAGE, INC., Defendant.

Superior Court of New Jersey, Law Division, Hudson County.

Decided February 25, 2000.

Plaintiff Lisa Gonzalez, pro se.

Robert Mayerovic, North Bergen, for defendant.

CURRAN, J.S.C.

On May 17, 1999, plaintiff Lisa Gonzalez rented an eight foot by ten foot space for short-term storage of her personal belongings from defendant A-1 Storage, Inc., located at 345 10th Street, Jersey City, New Jersey. Plaintiff and defendant signed defendant's rental Agreement and plaintiff paid defendant $196.90, representing rent of $126 per month, a prorated *886 amount of $60.90, and a $10 charge for the purchase of a lock. Plaintiff's testimony and exhibits listed approximate costs but no receipts for the stored belongings including: two television sets, a VCR, a sofa bed, other furniture, clothing and numerous personal items which were irreplaceable including a video of her child with her deceased grandmother, handmade bedding, clothing, linens and other valuables, some of which had been handed down through two generations of family members.[1] Plaintiff testified as to the damages and moved 39 pictures into evidence which clearly demonstrated substantial water, mildew and rust damage.

On July 3, 1999, plaintiff returned to the storage facility to retrieve the stored items and discovered that all of the possessions had been either destroyed or partially damaged by the entry of water into the storage space from the top of the unit. Plaintiff claims damages of $5,000 including the loss of several items with priceless sentimental value. Plaintiff brought suit asserting defendant was negligent in the maintenance of the storage space, seeking recovery of damages in the amount of $5,000 plus court costs and fees. Defendant stipulated to the water damage and had tried, unsuccessfully, to clean certain items, primarily clothing, without plaintiff's permission. Efforts to remove rust from the TVS and other electronic appliances were also without success. Defendant offered no explanation for the source of the water nor did they argue any circumstances which would mitigate their responsibility other than the provisions of the Agreement. Defendant denied any negligence and asserted that the provisions of the rental agreement completely shielded defendant from liability. The Court finds that defendant was negligent in the maintenance of the storage space and that the contract between the parties does not operate to mitigate defendant's liability in this case.

I. Negligence

The relationship between the parties here may be characterized as a "bailment for hire"; defendant acted as a "bailee" and plaintiff as a "bailor." Black's Law Dictionary defines a bailment for hire as:

A contract in which the bailor agrees to pay an adequate recompense for the safe-keeping of the thing intrusted to the custody of the bailee, and the bailee agrees to keep it and restore it on the request of the bailor, in the same condition substantially as he received it, excepting injury or loss from causes for which he is not responsible.

[Black's Law Dictionary 179 (Rev. 4th ed.1994) ]

N.J.S.A. 12A:7-102 defines a bailee to mean "the person who by a warehouse receipt, bill of lading or other document of title acknowledges possession of goods and contracts to deliver them." In Silvestri v. South Orange Storage Corp., 14 N.J.Super. 205, 210, 81 A.2d 502 (App.Div.1951), the court found that a "bailment relation" existed where consumer Silvestri contracted with defendant storage company to store her refrigerator. The court held that a contract provision limiting defendant's liability to $50 was binding on plaintiff Silvestri.

A bailor may sue a bailee in negligence. Lembaga Enterprises, Inc. v. Cace Trucking & Warehouse, Inc., 320 N.J.Super. 501, 727 A.2d 1026 (App.Div.1999)(citing Bachman Chocolate Mfg. Co. v. Lehigh Warehouse & Transp. Co., 1 N.J. 239, 241, 62 A.2d 806 (1949)). The duty of care imposed on a bailee is now codified in N.J.S.A. 12A:7-204 which provides in pertinent part:

*887 (1) A warehouseman is liable for damages for loss of or injury to the goods caused by his failure to exercise such care in regard to them as a reasonably careful man would exercise under like circumstances but unless otherwise agreed he is not liable for damages which could not have been avoided by the exercise of such care.

Damages may be limited by a term in the warehouse receipt or storage agreement limiting the amount of liability in case of loss or damage, and setting forth a specific liability per article or item, or value per unit of weight, beyond which the warehouseman shall not be liable; ... No such limitation is effective with respect to the warehouseman's liability for conversion to his own use.

[N.J.S.A. 12A:7-204]

Once a bailee accepts responsibility for the goods delivered, the bailee has the burden of producing evidence as to the fate of those goods. Charles Bloom & Co. v. Echo Jewelers, 279 N.J.Super. 372, 381, 652 A.2d 1238 (App.Div.1995); see also, Lembaga Enterprises, Inc. v. Cace Trucking & Warehouse, Inc., 320 N.J.Super. 501, 727 A.2d 1026 (App.Div.1999). "To hold otherwise would place an impossible burden on plaintiff." Joseph H. Reinfeld, Inc. v. Griswold & Bateman Warehouse Co., 189 N.J.Super. 141, 143, 458 A.2d 1341 (Law Div.1983).

In the present case, defendant/bailee accepted a contractual responsibility for the goods delivered to it by plaintiff/bailor. Defendant then failed to provide for "the safe-keeping of the thing intrusted to the custody of the bailee." At trial, plaintiff charged that defendant was negligent in that the top of the storage unit was only a fence-like grate through which substantial water had cascaded to drench the items within the unit. Defendant made no assertions that reasonable efforts were made by it to provide a safe, suitable space for plaintiff's belongings, but stipulated that the damage to plaintiff's belongings was the result of the water damage. Defendant relied on the provisions of the Agreement.

Based on these facts, we find that a bailment was created and that defendant's negligent maintenance of the leased space was the actual and proximate cause of damage to plaintiff's personal property.[2]

II. Contract Provisions

Defendant asserts that it should not be held liable for the damage to plaintiff's property because of the presence of two provisions in its contract, previously referred to as the Agreement between the parties, specifically paragraph 10 ("Nonliability of the owner and insurance obligations of occupant"), and paragraph 11 ("Release of owner's liability"). The two clauses read, in pertinent part, as follows:

10. NON-LIABILITY OF THE OWNER AND INSURANCE OBLIGATIONS OF OCCUPANT. [] Occupant, at occupant's expense, shall maintain a policy of fire and extended coverage insurance with burglary, vandalism and malicious mischief endorsement for at least 100% of actual cash value of such stored property. [] Occupant expressly agrees that the carrier of such insurance shall not be subrogated to any claim of occupant against owner, owner's agents or employees. [] The Owner shall not be liable for personal injury or property damage .... [ ] The Occupant hereby agrees to indemnify and hold the owner *888

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795 A.2d 885, 350 N.J. Super. 403, 41 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 1119, 2000 N.J. Super. LEXIS 496, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gonzalez-v-a-1-self-storage-inc-njsuperctappdiv-2000.