J-A22026-19 2019 PA Super 309
JOHN WILLIAM GETTY, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT : OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellant : : v. : : MICHELE SUDER GETTY, : : Appellee : No. 208 EDA 2019
Appeal from the Order Entered December 17, 2018 in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Civil Division at No(s): 099078473
BEFORE: MURRAY, J., STRASSBURGER, J.* and PELLEGRINI, J.*
OPINION BY STRASSBURGER, J.: FILED OCTOBER 15, 2019
John William Getty (Husband) appeals from the order entered December
17, 2018, which denied his petition for declaratory judgment. We affirm.
This case involves the application of an important1 change in
Pennsylvania law with respect to how pension plans are valued in divorce
cases. Specifically, on January 28, 2005, the Pennsylvania legislature enacted
legislation that overruled our Supreme Court’s holding in Berrington v.
____________________________________________ 1 Among the amicus participants in Berrington, infra, were the following entities: the Pennsylvania Chapter of American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, the Women’s Bar Association of Western Pennsylvania, the Allegheny County Bar Association – Family Law Section, the Women’s Law Project, NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund, Pennsylvania National Organization for Women, Senior Citizen Judicare Project, Community Women’s Education Project, Supportive Older Women’s Network, National Center on Women and Family Law, Inc., National Women’s Law Center, Northwest Women’s Law Center, Women’s Law Center, Connecticut Women’s Education and Legal Fund, and Older Women’s League.
* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court. J-A22026-19
Berrington, 633 A.2d 589 (Pa. 1993). In Berrington, a divided Pennsylvania
Supreme Court held that
in a deferred distribution of a defined benefit pension, the spouse not participating may not be awarded any portion of the participant-spouse’s retirement benefits which are based on post- separation salary increases, incentive awards or years of service. Any retirement benefits awarded to the non-participant spouse must be based only on the participant-spouse’s salary at the date of separation.
633 A.2d at 594 (emphasis added).2
On January 28, 2005, the Pennsylvania legislature passed subsection
(c) of section 3501 of the divorce code in an effort to reverse Berrington and
“adopt a coverture fraction methodology [designed] to include all
postseparation enhancements except for postseparation monetary
contributions by the employee spouse in the value of the pension.” 23 Pa.C.S.
§ 3501 (comment to subsec. (c)). In other words, the pension was to be
valued using the employee-spouse’s salary as of the date of retirement, not
as of the date of separation as in Berrington. The marital portion of the
pension would be calculated by the use of a coverture fraction. See Smith v.
Smith, 938 A.2d 246 (Pa. 2007). Moreover, on June 15, 2005, the legislature
again amended subsection 3501(c) to provide that it was applicable to all
proceedings pending on or after January 28, 2005.
____________________________________________ 2 The author of this opinion was the trial judge in Berrington. My ruling on the pension valuation issue was reversed by this Court and this Court’s holding was affirmed by our Supreme Court.
-2- J-A22026-19
We now turn to the relevant factual and procedural history of the instant
matter. Husband and Michele Suder Getty (Wife) married on July 12, 1980,
separated on May 31, 1999, and Wife filed a complaint in divorce against
Husband on July 19, 1999. On December 23, 2004, an order was entered by
the trial court, which provided, in relevant part, that Wife was “awarded 65%
of Husband’s City of Philadelphia Municipal Employees Deferred Compensation
Plan (the Plan).”3 Order, 12/23/2004 at ¶ 1 (the Order). The trial court also
ordered Wife to submit the Order to the Plan administrator for processing.
On December 29, 2004, Husband filed a motion for reconsideration of
the Order, arguing that Wife should not have been awarded 65% of the Plan,
and if she were to be awarded 65%, the trial court should amend its order to
clarify that “the 65% award should be of the marital portion of the Plan, not
the entire plan.” Motion for Reconsideration, 12/29/2004, at ¶ 3(b). In
addition, on January 19, 2005, Husband filed a notice of appeal from the
Order.
On January 21, 2005, the trial court granted the motion for
reconsideration in part. Specifically, the trial court amended the Order to
provide that Wife should be awarded 65% of the marital portion of the Plan.
Order, 1/21/2005, at ¶ 1 (Amended Order).
____________________________________________ 3 A divorce decree was entered on December 27, 2004.
-3- J-A22026-19
On April 5, 2007, a panel of this Court quashed Husband’s appeal.
Specifically, this Court concluded that
the trial court’s action in granting reconsideration rendered Husband's previously filed notice of appeal inoperative. Because the trial court granted reconsideration, the time for either party to file an appeal began to run anew on January 2[1], 2005, where the court’s order entered on that date, in addition to granting reconsideration, also constituted the entry of the court’s decision on reconsideration. Because the trial court’s order granting reconsideration rendered Husband’s notice of appeal inoperative and because Husband never filed a notice of appeal from the order granting reconsideration, this Court lacks jurisdiction over this matter.
Getty v. Getty, 917 A.2d 869, 871 (Pa. Super. 2007) (some capitalization
altered).
No further action was taken in this matter until Wife filed a petition
with the trial court on January 22, 2009. In that petition, Wife requested that
the trial court order Husband to sign the QDROs she prepared, as required by
the Order and the Amended Order.4 Petition to Enforce Order of Court,
1/22/2009. On May 1, 2009, the trial court entered a QDRO as an order of
court (2009 QDRO). The 2009 QDRO, which was signed by Husband and Wife,
provided that Wife’s portion of the retirement benefit would be calculated
____________________________________________ 4 “A QDRO is an order which creates or recognizes the rights of an alternate
payee to receive all or a portion of the benefits payable to a participant under [a pension] plan.” Conway v. Conway, 209 A.3d 367, 372 (Pa. Super. 2019) (internal citations and quotation marks omitted). “To be qualified, the order must contain certain required information and may not alter the amount or form of plan benefits.” Id. “In cases where parties have entered a marital settlement agreement, a QDRO merely implements substantive rights already created by the settlement agreement.” Id.
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using Husband’s “accrued monthly benefit as of the date of [his] retirement.”
QDRO, 5/1/2009, at ¶ 7.
On August 27, 2018, Husband filed a petition for declaratory judgment.
In this petition, Husband argued that the Amended Order entered on January
21, 2005, was a final order, and therefore his divorce proceeding was not
pending on January 28, 2005, when the new version of subsection 3501(c)
became effective. Thus, Husband argues that notwithstanding the language
of the 2009 QDRO, the Plan should be valued using Husband’s salary as of the
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J-A22026-19 2019 PA Super 309
JOHN WILLIAM GETTY, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT : OF PENNSYLVANIA Appellant : : v. : : MICHELE SUDER GETTY, : : Appellee : No. 208 EDA 2019
Appeal from the Order Entered December 17, 2018 in the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Civil Division at No(s): 099078473
BEFORE: MURRAY, J., STRASSBURGER, J.* and PELLEGRINI, J.*
OPINION BY STRASSBURGER, J.: FILED OCTOBER 15, 2019
John William Getty (Husband) appeals from the order entered December
17, 2018, which denied his petition for declaratory judgment. We affirm.
This case involves the application of an important1 change in
Pennsylvania law with respect to how pension plans are valued in divorce
cases. Specifically, on January 28, 2005, the Pennsylvania legislature enacted
legislation that overruled our Supreme Court’s holding in Berrington v.
____________________________________________ 1 Among the amicus participants in Berrington, infra, were the following entities: the Pennsylvania Chapter of American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, the Women’s Bar Association of Western Pennsylvania, the Allegheny County Bar Association – Family Law Section, the Women’s Law Project, NOW Legal Defense and Education Fund, Pennsylvania National Organization for Women, Senior Citizen Judicare Project, Community Women’s Education Project, Supportive Older Women’s Network, National Center on Women and Family Law, Inc., National Women’s Law Center, Northwest Women’s Law Center, Women’s Law Center, Connecticut Women’s Education and Legal Fund, and Older Women’s League.
* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court. J-A22026-19
Berrington, 633 A.2d 589 (Pa. 1993). In Berrington, a divided Pennsylvania
Supreme Court held that
in a deferred distribution of a defined benefit pension, the spouse not participating may not be awarded any portion of the participant-spouse’s retirement benefits which are based on post- separation salary increases, incentive awards or years of service. Any retirement benefits awarded to the non-participant spouse must be based only on the participant-spouse’s salary at the date of separation.
633 A.2d at 594 (emphasis added).2
On January 28, 2005, the Pennsylvania legislature passed subsection
(c) of section 3501 of the divorce code in an effort to reverse Berrington and
“adopt a coverture fraction methodology [designed] to include all
postseparation enhancements except for postseparation monetary
contributions by the employee spouse in the value of the pension.” 23 Pa.C.S.
§ 3501 (comment to subsec. (c)). In other words, the pension was to be
valued using the employee-spouse’s salary as of the date of retirement, not
as of the date of separation as in Berrington. The marital portion of the
pension would be calculated by the use of a coverture fraction. See Smith v.
Smith, 938 A.2d 246 (Pa. 2007). Moreover, on June 15, 2005, the legislature
again amended subsection 3501(c) to provide that it was applicable to all
proceedings pending on or after January 28, 2005.
____________________________________________ 2 The author of this opinion was the trial judge in Berrington. My ruling on the pension valuation issue was reversed by this Court and this Court’s holding was affirmed by our Supreme Court.
-2- J-A22026-19
We now turn to the relevant factual and procedural history of the instant
matter. Husband and Michele Suder Getty (Wife) married on July 12, 1980,
separated on May 31, 1999, and Wife filed a complaint in divorce against
Husband on July 19, 1999. On December 23, 2004, an order was entered by
the trial court, which provided, in relevant part, that Wife was “awarded 65%
of Husband’s City of Philadelphia Municipal Employees Deferred Compensation
Plan (the Plan).”3 Order, 12/23/2004 at ¶ 1 (the Order). The trial court also
ordered Wife to submit the Order to the Plan administrator for processing.
On December 29, 2004, Husband filed a motion for reconsideration of
the Order, arguing that Wife should not have been awarded 65% of the Plan,
and if she were to be awarded 65%, the trial court should amend its order to
clarify that “the 65% award should be of the marital portion of the Plan, not
the entire plan.” Motion for Reconsideration, 12/29/2004, at ¶ 3(b). In
addition, on January 19, 2005, Husband filed a notice of appeal from the
Order.
On January 21, 2005, the trial court granted the motion for
reconsideration in part. Specifically, the trial court amended the Order to
provide that Wife should be awarded 65% of the marital portion of the Plan.
Order, 1/21/2005, at ¶ 1 (Amended Order).
____________________________________________ 3 A divorce decree was entered on December 27, 2004.
-3- J-A22026-19
On April 5, 2007, a panel of this Court quashed Husband’s appeal.
Specifically, this Court concluded that
the trial court’s action in granting reconsideration rendered Husband's previously filed notice of appeal inoperative. Because the trial court granted reconsideration, the time for either party to file an appeal began to run anew on January 2[1], 2005, where the court’s order entered on that date, in addition to granting reconsideration, also constituted the entry of the court’s decision on reconsideration. Because the trial court’s order granting reconsideration rendered Husband’s notice of appeal inoperative and because Husband never filed a notice of appeal from the order granting reconsideration, this Court lacks jurisdiction over this matter.
Getty v. Getty, 917 A.2d 869, 871 (Pa. Super. 2007) (some capitalization
altered).
No further action was taken in this matter until Wife filed a petition
with the trial court on January 22, 2009. In that petition, Wife requested that
the trial court order Husband to sign the QDROs she prepared, as required by
the Order and the Amended Order.4 Petition to Enforce Order of Court,
1/22/2009. On May 1, 2009, the trial court entered a QDRO as an order of
court (2009 QDRO). The 2009 QDRO, which was signed by Husband and Wife,
provided that Wife’s portion of the retirement benefit would be calculated
____________________________________________ 4 “A QDRO is an order which creates or recognizes the rights of an alternate
payee to receive all or a portion of the benefits payable to a participant under [a pension] plan.” Conway v. Conway, 209 A.3d 367, 372 (Pa. Super. 2019) (internal citations and quotation marks omitted). “To be qualified, the order must contain certain required information and may not alter the amount or form of plan benefits.” Id. “In cases where parties have entered a marital settlement agreement, a QDRO merely implements substantive rights already created by the settlement agreement.” Id.
-4- J-A22026-19
using Husband’s “accrued monthly benefit as of the date of [his] retirement.”
QDRO, 5/1/2009, at ¶ 7.
On August 27, 2018, Husband filed a petition for declaratory judgment.
In this petition, Husband argued that the Amended Order entered on January
21, 2005, was a final order, and therefore his divorce proceeding was not
pending on January 28, 2005, when the new version of subsection 3501(c)
became effective. Thus, Husband argues that notwithstanding the language
of the 2009 QDRO, the Plan should be valued using Husband’s salary as of the
date of the parties’ separation, not the date of his retirement. Wife responded
to the petition, arguing that because Husband appealed the Order, the action
was pending on January 28, 2005, and therefore subsection 3501(c), not
Berrington, should apply. Answer, 3/7/2019. In addition, Wife pointed out
that Husband agreed to the 2009 QDRO, which provided that the value of the
Plan should be calculated using Husband’s salary as of the date of his
retirement, which is consistent with subsection 3501(c). Memorandum of Law,
10/19/2018, at 3.
The trial court heard argument on December 11, 2018, and on
December 17, 2018, the trial court entered an order denying Husband’s
petition for declaratory judgment, wherein it concluded that Husband did not
meet his burden of proof. Husband timely filed a notice of appeal. Both
Husband and the trial court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.
-5- J-A22026-19
On appeal, Husband argues, inter alia, that the trial court erred by
concluding that subsection 3501(c) applied in this case. Husband’s Brief at 4,
12. It is Husband’s position that the parties’ divorce action was not pending
on or after January 28, 2005, because Husband did not appeal from the
Amended Order. Id.
“Pendency, in practice, has been said to be ‘the state of an
undetermined proceeding.’ 70 C.J.S., p. 420. Black’s Law Dictionary, 3rd Ed.,
p. 1345, defines the term as ‘the state of an action, etc., after it has been
begun, and before the final disposition of it’ (emphasis supplied).” Sch. Dist.
of Robinson Twp. v. Houghton, 128 A.2d 58, 60-61 (Pa. 1956). Instantly,
there is no question that this case was on appeal to this Court at the time
subsection 3501(c) went into effect. Thus, this case meets the
aforementioned definition of pending, as no final disposition had yet occurred.
Accordingly, we hold that because this case was pending, the trial court did
not err by applying subsection 3501(c).
Moreover, even if we agreed with Husband that the lack of appeal from
the Amended Order rendered that order as a final order, this case was still
pending. The Amended Order did not become final until the time for appeal
expired, which was 30 days after its entry, or on February 24, 2005. Thus,
this case was still pending on January 28, 2005, as Husband could have
appealed the Amended Order and subsection 3501(c) applies. Therefore, in
-6- J-A22026-19
either instance, this case was pending on January 28, 2005, and the trial court
did not err denying Husband’s petition for declaratory judgment.5
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq. Prothonotary
Date: 10/15/19
____________________________________________ 5 In his memorandum of law in support of his petition for declaratory judgment, Husband argued that the trial court should invalidate the 2009 QDRO on the basis of mutual mistake. See Memorandum of Law, 8/27/2018, at 3-5. However, Husband did not raise that issue in his Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement or in his brief on appeal. Therefore, this issue is waived. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)(4)(vii) (“Issues not included in the Statement and/or not raised in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph (b)(4) are waived.”).
Furthermore, on appeal, Husband argues that the trial court erred by not applying an exception to the coordinate jurisdiction rule to revisit the 2009 QDRO. See Husband’s Brief at 4-5, 12-13, 14. However, Husband did not raise that issue in his Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement; thus, it is waived. See Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)(4)(vii). See Zane v. Friends Hosp., 836 A.2d 25, 29 (Pa. 2003) (“One of the distinct rules that [is] encompassed within the ‘law of the case’ doctrine is the coordinate jurisdiction rule.”); Commonwealth v. McCandless, 880 A.2d 1262, 1268 (Pa. Super. 2005) (“[A] law of the case claim is subject to waiver.”).
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