George T. Coor v. United States

340 F.2d 784

• Court: Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit
• Decided: February 5, 1965
• Docket: 18493_1
• Status: Published

Opinions

PER CURIAM:

Appellant, a police officer, was indicted on two counts of bribery, D.C. Code § 22-704, and, after trial, was convicted and duly sentenced. He appealed and claimed, among other things, error by the trial court in admitting into evidence certain incriminating statements allegedly made by appellant. On December 12, 1963, we remanded the case to the District Court, directing that a hearing be held for the sole purpose of determining the admissibility of the statements under the Mallory rule [Mallory v. United States, 354 U.S. 449, 77 S.Ct. 1356, 1 L.Ed.2d 1479], Coor v. United States, 117 U.S.App.D.C. 87, 325 F.2d 1014 (1963). We ruled that if the statements were found to be admissible under Mallory, the original judgment was to be reinstated; if not, a new trial was to be ordered. Pursuant to our direction, a hearing was held by the District Court, which found that the statements were admissible under Mallory, and the original judgment was reinstated.

At the hearing on remand, the only testimony offered was that of Deputy Chief Layton of the Metropolitan Police Department, and that of appellant himself. The testimony was contradictory, but was resolved by the trial court in favor of the Government.

The Government’s testimony was to the effect that appellant was arrested at 12:45 A.M. on January 26, 1962, and taken to Police Headquarters, arriving there shortly after 1:00 A.M. Deputy Chief Layton testified that the oral statements were made about 1:35 A.M., whereas appellant testified that they were made sometime between 3:35 and 5:00 A.M., probably around 4:30 A.M. The trial court specifically found that the testimony of Deputy Chief Layton to the effect that the admissions were made about 1:35 A.M. was correct. Accepting the finding of the trial court as to the time interval, as we must, the statements were clearly admissible. The delay between the arrest of appellant and the making of the statements was not unnecessary under the circumstances of this case, and nothing which occurred subsequent to the time the statements were made has any bearing on the Mallory issue.¹ The time between his arrest and his arrival at Police Headquarters was only fifteen or twenty minutes; and the short time between his arrival at headquarters and the making of the statement was taken up by the opportunity given appellant to verify his story and by the confrontation of appellant with the evidence against him.

At the hearing on remand, counsel for appellant attempted, for the first time, to raise a question as to the voluntariness of appellant’s incriminating statements. The trial court correctly decided that whether or not the statements were in fact voluntary was irrelevant to the Mallory issue,² and was therefore outside the proper scope of the hearing. Further, the issue of voluntariness is not properly before this court. No objection to the admissibility of the statements on the basis of involuntariness was raised at the trial, and nothing in the record even suggests that they were not voluntary.

Accordingly, on this ground, no error, plain or otherwise, affecting substantial rights was made in admitting the statements ; so we have no occasion to consider invoking Rule 52(b), Fed.R.Crim. P.

Affirmed.

1 . United States v. Mitchell, 322 U.S. 65, 64 S.Ct. 896, 88 L.Ed. 1140 (1944); Bailey v. United States, 117 U.S.App.D.C. 241, 328 F.2d 542 (1964).

2 . Upshaw v. United States, 335 U.S. 410, 413, 69 S.Ct. 170, 93 L.Ed. 100 (1948); United States v. Mitchell, supra, at 68; Ginoza v. United States, 279 F.2d 616, 622 (9th Cir. 1960); Porter v. United States, 103 U.S.App.D.C. 385, 388, 258 F.2d 685, 688 (1958).