Gelb v. Brown

163 A.D.2d 189, 558 N.Y.S.2d 934, 1990 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8381
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedJuly 12, 1990
StatusPublished
Cited by33 cases

This text of 163 A.D.2d 189 (Gelb v. Brown) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gelb v. Brown, 163 A.D.2d 189, 558 N.Y.S.2d 934, 1990 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8381 (N.Y. Ct. App. 1990).

Opinion

Judgment, Supreme Court, Bronx County (Barry Salman, J.), entered March 30, 1988, which, inter alia, (1) denied applications by the parties as to the possession, use, ownership, or enjoyment of any disputed items of personal property, leaving each party to retain any property in his or her possession; (2) ordered plaintiff father, the custodial parent, to pay for the support of the parties’ children, including, but not limited to all medical, dental, educational and major clothing expenses, and ordered defendant mother to provide for "domestic expenses” during visitation periods; (3) denied plaintiffs application to be relieved of arrears in temporary support; (4) authorized the release to the parties of their respective shares of the proceeds from the sale of the former marital residence, except that $16,225 of plaintiff’s share is to be paid to defendant for arrears in temporary support; and (5) granted defendant a money judgment of [190]*190$16,225 for arrears in temporary support, is unanimously modified, on the law, and the facts to the extent of, inter alia, (a) striking the above-numbered items (1) and (2); (b) ordering an informal auction of the disputed personal property not distributed herein whereby each party will alternatively choose an existing item for his or her possession; (c) ordering that the parties’ pensions and savings plans remain intact for the respective parties; (d) ordering that plaintiff’s student loans be paid by plaintiff, due as of the commencement of this action; (e) ordering that credit card charges incurred by the parties after the commencement of this action be paid by the party who incurred the charges, all prior charges to be equally shared; (f) remanding the matter to a Judicial Hearing Officer (JHO) for a determination of child support pursuant to the guidelines of the Child Support Standards Act (CSSA; Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b]); and, except as modified, otherwise affirmed, without costs. Settle order on notice.

Plaintiff and defendant were married in 1972. There are two children of the marriage aged 12 and 15. In February 1986, the parties were granted a dual divorce. Upon consent all other aspects of the action were referred to the JHO to "hear and determine.” The entry of a divorce judgment was stayed pending the JHO’s orders. The JHO issued two partial orders. The first order awarded custody of the children to plaintiff (husband) and set up a visitation schedule for defendant. Some seven months later, the second partial order was issued which determined the financial issues of the case.

Plaintiff moved the court to refer the financial issues back to the JHO since the JHO had allegedly failed to adequately resolve the issues of child support and equitable distribution of assets and liabilities, had allegedly failed to comply with the requirements of Domestic Relations Law § 236 in rendering his decision and had also overlooked the parties’ submitted memoranda. The IAS court reviewed the record for omissions by the JHO and found none. Consequently, the court did not refer the case back to the JHO and entered a judgment of divorce incorporating the JHO’s orders into the judgment.

Our review of the record indicates that the matter should have been referred back to the JHO. The JHO failed to consider the lengthy memoranda submitted by the parties and, instead, resolved the financial issues mainly based on his notes and recollections of the trial. Moreover, the JHO failed to adequately set forth the factors he considered and his reasons in rendering his decision on the financial issues [191]*191referred to Mm as required by Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5) (g). (See, Duffy v Duffy, 94 AD2d 711.)

As our powers are as broad as the JHO’s with respect to distribution of marital property (see, Majauskas v Majauskas, 61 NY2d 481, 493-494) and since the record is sufficiently detailed to enable us to make an informed determination on most of the issues before us, we do not find it necessary to remand all the issues to the JHO. (See, O’Brien v O’Brien, 66 NY2d 576, 589.)

As we have noted previously, marriage may be viewed as an economic partnersMp under circumstances such as these in which spouses share in the profits and assets of the partnership as well as in the losses and liabilities incurred in the pursuit of marital wealth. (Capasso v Capasso, 129 AD2d 267, 293.) The traditional notion that the father has the primary obligation to support his children no longer reflects modern-day realities nor does it comply with constitutional requirements of equal protection. (Orr v Orr, 440 US 268; Matter of Carter v Carter, 58 AD2d 438.) Indeed, the mother’s earnings must be considered when allocating the responsibility of child support, and where her earnings are similar to the father’s, her financial responsibility should also be similar. (Berzins v Berzins, 64 AD2d 881.) Notably, in the instant case, defendant’s income has historically been quite close to plaintiffs.

The determination and award of child support is now governed by the recently enacted Child Support Standards Act (Domestic Relations Law §240 [1-b]). The CSSA assures that the children share in the economic status of both parents. The needs of the children are paramount, regardless of the marital status of the parents. As the CSSA represents important public policy it should be applied to matters which commenced prior to the effective date of the act but wMch have not yet been finally decided, as here. (See, e.g., Greschler v Greschler, 51 NY2d 368, 377-378.)

In determining child support, the court, or as in this case, the JHO, acting with the authority of a court (CPLR 4301, 4319) is required to determine a fair and reasonable sum pursuant to Domestic Relations Law § 240 (1-b) and § 32 (3). The permanent award of child support is based upon a compulsory calculation delineated in Domestic Relations Law § 240 (1-b) (c), unless the factors set forth therein as applied to the matter before the court permit a deviation from such a compulsory calculation.

The record in this case, however, is inadequate for this [192]*192court to make a determination of child support. There is a lack of information regarding the current financial status of the parties. Accordingly, we remand the matter to a JHO with instructions to calculate the child support obligations of the parties pursuant to the CSSA. The parties are directed to provide disclosure of their current financial status which should include copies of their 1988 and 1989 Federal income tax returns as well as a completed child support worksheet. (See, Domestic Relations Law § 240 [1-b] [j].) The child support award must be retroactive to the original date of service of this application (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [7]). Moreover, after child support is determined, if defendant is obligated to provide plaintiff, the custodial parent, with weekly child support, any retroactive sums should be used to offset the arrears plaintiff owes defendant as result of the IAS court’s temporary support order. (See, infra.)

As to arrears, the IAS court ordered plaintiff, on June 24, 1985, to pay $250 per week in temporary child support and to pay half the outstanding bills on the marital residence for the mortgage, homeowner’s insurance and utility bills for gas, electric, water and telephone services.

One of the children left defendant’s residence on December 12, 1986 and the other on December 27, 1986. Accordingly, the temporary child support owed by plaintiff amounts to $23,000.

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Bluebook (online)
163 A.D.2d 189, 558 N.Y.S.2d 934, 1990 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 8381, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gelb-v-brown-nyappdiv-1990.